scholarly journals Factor analysis of educational evaluation indicators of Iranian sports coaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (33) ◽  
pp. e15299
Author(s):  
Kiomars Aziz Malayeri ◽  
Mohammad Sharif-Taherpour ◽  
Mohammad Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Educational Evaluation ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Managerial Training ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Sports Coaches ◽  
Heuristic Analysis

The objective of this study was factor analysis of educational evaluation indicators of sports coaches in Hamadan province. The statistical population of the study was all sports coaches in all sports branches in Hamadan province in the years (2019-2018). The statistical population of this study included all sports coaches in Hamadan province according to the latest information provided by the Statistics Center of the General Directorate of Sports and Youth in 2018, it included 4,000 people. The sampling method was stratified random; the number of samples was 351 based on Morgan table. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that interviewed 30 experienced sports coaches and using Delphi technique and after agreeing on the materials, the results of the study were extracted and classified. Its nominal and content validity were reviewed and confirmed by a group of experts. The reliability of the instrument was calculated by Cronbach's alpha method of 0.85. Data were analyzed using heuristic rotation heuristic analysis, repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test at a significance level of P <0.050. Based on the results of factor analysis, out of 75 items of performance evaluation, 17 items were removed and 58 items were included in 6 factors. Social factors (5 items), professional (8 items), personality (8 items), managerial (14 items), scientific (14 items), emotional skills (9 items) in order of prioritizing the scientific factor in the first place, management in Second place, personality in third place, professional in fourth place, emotional in fifth place and social in sixth place. It is concluded that; Sports coaches in Hamadan province in all sports need scientific and managerial training according to the training of personality traits and these three priorities are considered by the trainers for training, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of Educational Workshops on Disaster Risk Perception in Nurses

2020 ◽  
pp. 270-278
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Round Table ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
And Control

INTRODUCTION: The enhancement of nurses’ risk perception plays a significant role in their preparedness during disasters and emergencies. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of educational workshops on disaster risk perception in nurses METHODS: This randomized controlled field trial study included 62 nurses working at Razi Hospital, Birjand, Iran. The participants were divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group was then requested to participate in a one-day intensive educational workshop based on the current national standards. The workshop content included a combination of lecturing methods, round-table exercises, and film display. The data were collected using the demographic characteristic form and researcher-made questionnaires measuring the nurses’ risk perception during disasters and emergencies. Subsequently, the data were analyzed using independent t-test, repeated measures analysis, and Bonferroni post hoc tests. FINDINGS: The mean total score of risk perception were significantly higher in the intervention group before, immediately, and two months after the workshop session, compared to those in the control group (P˂0.001). CONCLUSION: The implementation of nurses’ national preparation program during disasters and emergencies can result in an increase in the nurses’ risk perception during these events. Therefore, regarding the importance of nurses’ preparedness in confrontation with disasters and emergencies, it seems necessary to integrate the National Preparedness Program into the educational programs immediately after recruitment and in the form of in-service courses.

Effects of Breathy Voice Source on Ratings of Hypernasality

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setsuko Imatomi
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Voice Disorder ◽  
Academic Training ◽  
Clinical Experiences ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Voice Source ◽  
Cleft Palate Speech ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Post Hoc

Objective To investigate the effects of breathy voice sources on ratings of hypernasality using synthesized speech. Methods Speech samples were obtained from children with cleft palates who demonstrated varying degrees of hypernasality and from a child with a voice disorder. Sources with 6 degrees of breathiness were created: a breathy source and five synthesized sources with lowered harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR) values by the addition of impulses. These sources and each original (clear) source were combined with three kinds of filters: mild, moderate, and severely hypernasal. Consequently, 21 ([6 + 1] × 3) stimuli for each vowel (/a/ and /i/) were obtained for ratings. Participants Thirteen speech pathologists with academic training and various clinical experiences with cleft palate speech rated hypernasality of the stimuli on a 5-point scale. Main Outcome Measures Ratings of hypernasality for breathy and clear stimuli were analyzed using a repeated measures analysis of variance. Results The effects of breathy source on ratings of hypernasality were significant for the following filters: mild hypernasal /a/, severe hypernasal /a/, mild hypernasal /i/, and moderate hypernasal /i/. A post-hoc comparison test demonstrated that the more breathy sources (BH0 or BH2) generally increased the hypernasality score for mild hypernasal filters and decreased it for moderate and severe hypernasal filters. The less breathy sources (BH3, BH4, and BH5) hardly affected the ratings. Conclusion The effects of breathiness on ratings of hypernasality seem to moderate rather than to mask perceived hypernasality. That is, breathiness raises slight hypernasality, whereas it reduces severe hypernasality.

scholarly journals The Effect of Clinical Pilates on Functional Movement in Recreational Runners

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 776-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Laws ◽  
Sean Williams ◽  
Cassie Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Functional Movement Screen ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Functional Movement ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Movement Ability ◽  
Recreational Runners ◽  
Post Hoc

AbstractBiomechanical imbalances and inefficient functional movements are considered contributing factors to running-related injuries. Clinical Pilates uses a series of exercises focused on retraining normal movement patterns. This study investigated whether a 6-week course of Clinical Pilates improves functional movement and thereby, potentially, reduces the risk of running-related injuries associated with movement dysfunction. A modified functional movement screen was used to analyze the functional movement ability of forty runners. Forty participants completed a 6-week course of Clinical Pilates delivered by a Clinical Pilates instructor. The movement screen was carried out 3 times for each runner: 6 weeks pre-intervention (baseline), within one week pre-intervention (pre) and within one week post-intervention (post). Repeated-measures analysis of variance and post-hoc tests found significant increases in scores between baseline and post (mean±SD; 13.4±2.4 vs. 17.0±1.7, p<0.01) and pre and post (mean±SD; 13.5±2.5 vs. 17.0±1.7, p<0.01), but no significant difference between baseline and pre (p=0.3). A 6-week course of Clinical Pilates significantly improves functional movement in recreational runners, and this may lead to a reduction in the risk of running-related injuries.

scholarly journals Comparing the Effect of Face-To-Face Education and E-learning on the Physical Activity of the Elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Shahab Papi ◽  
◽  
Yadollah Abolfathi Momtaz ◽  
Mahshid Foroughan ◽  
Farahnaz Mohammadi Shahboulaghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Educational Groups ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Post Hoc

Introduction: Regular physical activity is very effective in preventing or delaying chronic diseases and premature death in the elderly. Objective: This study aimed to compare the effect of face-to-face education and e-learning methods on the physical activity of the elderly. Materials and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study conducted in Karaj, Iran in 2018. The participants were 88 elderly people referred to a senior rehab center and then were assigned into three groups of face-to-face education (n=30), e-learning (n=28), and control (n=30).The study data were collected by a demographic form and the 41-item community healthy activities program for seniors questionnaire (CHAMPS) before the intervention, 1 month after the intervention, and 3-month follow-up. Face-to-face education and e-learning were presented to the two educational groups’ during eight 20-minute sessions. The obtained data were analyzed using ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc test, the Chi-square test, and repeated measures ANOVA. The significance level was set at0.05. Results: Between the two educational groups, a significant difference was observed in the mean score of physical activity at three measurement phases (P = 0.001).The effect size was 0.61 for face-to-face education and 0.64 for e-learning. Based on the results of the Bonferroni post hoc test, there was no significant difference between e-learning and face-to-face education groups. Conclusion: Both face-to-face and e-learning methods were effective in promoting the physical activity behavior of the elderly. E-learning method can be used as one of the complementary methods of traditional education for improving the physical activity of the elderly.

scholarly journals Comparison of Placido, Scheimpflug and Combined Dual Scheimpflug-Placido Technologies in Evaluating Anterior and Posterior CLMI, SimK's as well as Kmax, in Keratoconic and Postrefractive Surgery Ectasia

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F Mauger ◽  
Ashraf M Mahmoud ◽  
Cynthia J Roberts ◽  
Lena V Chheda ◽  
Rebecca A Kuennen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Ohio State University ◽  
State University ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
Map Data ◽  
Post Hoc

ABSTRACT Purpose To calculate and compare cone location and magnitude index (CLMI), Kmax and other corneal measures derived from three different technologies, Placido, Scheimpflug, and a combination dual Scheimpflug-Placido device, from the same group of eyes with keratoconus and postrefractive surgery corneal ectasia. Methods Keratoconus (n = 26) eyes of (n = 19) subjects and postrefractive surgery ectasia (n = 5) eyes of (n = 5) subjects were selected to have measurements performed using the Keratron Scout, Pentacam HR and Galilei Dual Scheimpflug Analyzer. Device-generated SimK's and device-specific CLMI and Kmax indices as well as map data, were exported from each device. Index values for multiple exams were averaged. The map data were processed using The Ohio State University Corneal Topography Tool (OSUCTT) to calculate CLMI parameters, Kmax and SimK values using consistent algorithms on all three devices. Maps were averaged before calculation for multiple examinations. Repeated measures analysis of variance and post- hoc analysis were used to identify differences between devices. Results The anterior axial CLMI calculated from the Keratron data was significantly higher than CLMI for the Galilei (p = 0.0443) or Pentacam (p < 0.0004) with keratoconus, 12.23 compared with 11.20 and 11.00 diopters, respectively. Kmax was also significantly higher in the Keratron than the Galilei (p = 0.0063) or the Pentacam (p < 0.0002). Galilei and Pentacam were not significantly different from each other in either CLMI (p = 0.6287) or Kmax (p = 0.2115). The anterior CLMI values for the postrefractive surgery ectasia eyes were not significantly different between devices. Posterior CLMI values were calculated from the Galilei and Pentacam data and were −2.60 and −2.46 diopters (p = 0.1173) for keratoconus and −2.66 and −3.04 diopters (p = 0.2242) for postrefractive surgery ectasia. Conclusion The small cone Placido measured dioptric values that were greater than the pure Scheimpflug system, but the difference was only about 1 diopter, which is not relevant clinically in evaluating and managing ectasia. The combined dual Scheimpflug-Placido system produced measured dioptric values between the other two technologies. The anterior CLMI calculations accurately predicted keratoconus with all three devices. The posterior CLMI in ectasia may be a potentially valuable calculation in demonstrating asymmetric steepening. How to cite this article Mauger TF, Mahmoud AM, Roberts CJ, Chheda LV, Kuennen RA, Hendershot AJ, Lembach RG. Comparison of Placido, Scheimpflug and Combined Dual Scheimpflug-Placido Technologies in Evaluating Anterior and Posterior CLMI, SimK's as well as Kmax, in Keratoconic and Postrefractive Surgery Ectasia. Int J Keratoco Ectatic Corneal Dis 2012;1(1):44-52. • C Roberts is a Consultant for Oculus Optikgerate GmbH and Ziemer Ophthalmic Systems AG, and has an interest in the GALILEI. • A Mahmoud has an interest in the GALILEI. • T Mauger, L Chheda, R Kuennen, A Hendershot, and R Lembach have no financial interests.

Dilutional Effect of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid on Packed Cell Volume in Healthy Dogs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth H. Ross ◽  
Amy Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Initial Distribution ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Red Blood Cell Count ◽  
Dog Blood ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Post Hoc

ABSTRACT Packed cell volume (PCV) is commonly used to assess and monitor red blood cell count in animals, but the results can be altered if inappropriate ratios of anticoagulant/blood are used. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ideally filled, overfilled, and underfilled K3 ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes with various volumes of healthy dog blood on centrifuged PCV. Six milliliters of blood was obtained from 94 blood donors each. Initial distribution was injected into two nonheparinized microhematocrit tubes. The remainder was instilled into 1.3 mL K3 EDTA spray-dried tubes as 1.5 mL, 1.3 mL, 0.75 mL, 0.5 mL, and 0.25 mL aliquots. Normality was determined using the D’agostino–Pearson method and by visual examination of histograms. Data were analyzed using a repeated-measures analysis of variance with post hoc testing using Tukey's test. There is a statistically significant decrease in the PCV between all groups with progressive underfilling of tubes (P &lt; .0001). The closest difference is between 1.5 and 1.3 mL (P = .0138). Our study suggested that underfilling K3 EDTA tubes significantly and negatively influences the PCV in healthy dogs. Using underfilled K3 EDTA tubes result in a lower PCV compared with directly filled microhematocrit tubes without anticoagulant.

Whitening Efficacy of Whitening Mouth Rinses Used Alone or in Conjunction With Carbamide Peroxide Home Whitening

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
JBS Oliveira ◽  
RS Sarlo ◽  
E Bresciani ◽  
TMF Caneppele
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Color Reading ◽  
Mouth Rinse ◽  
Bleaching Effect ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Mouth Rinses ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Initial Color

SUMMARY Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of whitening mouth rinses on teeth previously whitened or not, exposed to food dyes. Methods and Materials: One hundred twenty enamel-dentin specimens, 3 mm in diameter, were obtained from bovine incisors. The specimens were stained for 14 days in staining broth. After staining, the initial color reading was performed via a spectrophotometer CM-2600d (Konica Minolta). Half of specimens were submitted to whitening (10% carbamide peroxide [CP]) for 14 days. They were then divided into three groups and were submitted to cycles of staining (five minutes) and mouth rinses (two minutes) for 12 weeks, with the following: CP-LI, Listerine Whitening; CP-PL, Plax Whitening; CP-BP, bromelain + papain; CP-DW, deionized water. LI, PL, BP, and DW groups were submitted to the same cited cycles but with no prior bleaching. The color measurements were performed after four, eight, and 12 weeks of treatment with mouth rinses. Data were submitted to repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test for multiple comparisons, with significance level at 5%. Results: The results showed that the CP-LI, CP-PL, LI, and PL groups had greater color change than did the others. The CP-BP and BP groups were similar to CP-DW and DW. Conclusions: We therefore conclude that Listerine Whitening mouth rinse presented the highest bleaching effect, followed by Plax Whitening mouth rinse. Both maintained CP bleaching effect after 12 weeks of dye-rinse cycles. However, none of these rinses were able to produce whitening similar to CP. Bromelain- and papain-containing mouth rinses did not show bleaching effect, being similar to the control groups.

scholarly journals Performance of Physical Activities by Adolescents With Cerebral Palsy

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J Palisano ◽  
Wendy P Copeland ◽  
Barbara E Galuppi
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Transition Planning ◽  
Physical Therapist ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Gmfcs Level

Background and Purpose Mobility and self-care are important considerations for successful transition of adolescents with cerebral palsy to adulthood. The purpose of this study was to characterize performance of physical activities from the perspective of adolescents themselves. Subjects The subjects were 156 adolescents with cerebral palsy, 11.6 to 17.7 years of age. Methods A therapist completed the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Adolescents completed the Activities Scale for Kids–Performance Version (ASKp) twice over a 1-year period. Results A repeated-measures analysis of variance indicated a main effect for GMFCS level. The main effect for time and the GMFCS level × time interaction were not significant. Post hoc comparisons indicated that ASKp scores differed among all GMFCS levels. Discussion and Conclusion Performance of physical activities by adolescents with cerebral palsy differed based on GMFCS level and did not change over 1 year. The ASKp scores of adolescents in levels II through V suggest the need for physical assistance at times throughout the day. The results have implications for the role of the physical therapist in transition planning.

scholarly journals Detecting variable responses within fMRI time-series of volumes-of-interest using repeated measures ANOVA

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Macey ◽  
Philip J. Schluter ◽  
Katherine E. Macey ◽  
Ronald M. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Average Signal Intensity ◽  
Respiratory Challenge ◽  
Post Hoc

We present an approach to analyzing fMRI timetrends from volumes-of-interest (VOI) within and between subject groups using repeated measures analysis of variance (RMANOVA), which allows temporal patterns to be examined without an a priori model of expected timing or pattern of response. The method serves as a complement to whole-brain voxel-based analyses, and is useful for detecting complex responses within pre-determined brain regions, or as a post-hoc analysis of regions of interest identified by whole-brain assessments. We illustrate an implementation of the technique in the statistical software package SAS. VOI timetrends are extracted from conventionally preprocessed fMRI images. A timetrend of average signal intensity across the VOI during the scanning period is calculated for each subject. The values are scaled relative to baseline periods, imported into SAS, and the procedure PROC MIXED implements the RMANOVA. The ensuing results allow determination of significant overall effects, and time-point specific within- and between-group responses relative to baseline. We illustrate the technique using fMRI data from two groups of subjects who underwent a respiratory challenge. RMANOVA allows insight into the timing of responses and response differences between groups, and so is suited to fMRI paradigms eliciting complex response patterns.

scholarly journals Efeito agudo do exercício cardiorrespiratório sobre o desempenho da força em membros inferiores

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Antonio Jesus ◽  
Danielli Braga Mello ◽  
Antonio Alias ◽  
Jéssica Ribeiro ◽  
Karen Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Negative Interference ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Factorial Anova ◽  
Leg Press ◽  
Post Hoc

Introdução: Devido às importantes adaptações fisiológicas oriundas de sua prática, o exercício cardiorrespiratório (EC) e o exercício de força (EF) são recomendados. Entretanto, a literatura reporta possível interferência negativa do EC sobre a realização do EF aplicado subsequentemente.Objetivo: Analisar o efeito do EC sobre desempenho da força em membros inferiores.Métodos: Dez indivíduos (20,8 ± 2,78 anos; IMC 25,04 ± 1,68) foram submetidos a avaliações antropométricas e teste de 1 repetição máxima (1RM) no Leg Press 45°. No primeiro momento da intervenção (M1) realizou-se o EC (30’ divididos em 5’ de aquecimento a 50 % da FCres, 20’ de fase específica a 70% FCres e 5’ de desaquecimento a 50% da FCres). Após, foram realizadas 3 séries de repetições máximas com intensidade de 85% de 1 RM e intervalo de 2’ entre as séries. No segundo momento (M2), os indivíduos realizaram os mesmos procedimentos descritos anteriormente. Entretanto, nesta fase, houve apenas aquecimento de 5’ a 50 % da FCres precedendo o EF. O número total de repetições realizadas em cada série foi contabilizado em M1 e M2. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva. Para a análise inferencial utilizou-se o teste de Shapiro-Wilk, a ANOVA para medidas repetidas, e o post-hoc de Tukey com significância de p<0,05.Resultados: Não houve diferença (p=0,35) entre o número de repetições realizados após a análise intragrupos. Quanto à análise intergrupos, observou-se redução significativa (p=0,01) na variável dependente.Conclusão: O EC exerceu interferência negativa sobre o desempenho da força de membros inferiores.Acute effect of cardiorespiratory exercise on lower limbs strength performanceIntroduction: Due to important physiological adaptations, cardiorespiratory exercise (CE) and strength exercise (SE) are recommended. However, literature reports the possibility of negative interference of CE on subsequent SE. Aim: to analyze the effect of CE on lower limbs strength performance.Objective: To analyze the effect of CE on lower limbs strength performanceMethods: ten subjects (20,8 ± 2,78 years old, BMI 25,04 ± 1,68) were undergone to anthropometric evaluations and 1 maximum repetition test (1RM) at leg press 45° exercise. At the first moment of the intervention (M1) the CE (30’ divided in 5’ of warm up at 50% of HRres; 20’ of specific phase at 70% of HRres; and 5’ of cool down at 50% of HRres) was held. After that, 3 sets of repetitions until exhaustion at intensity of 85% of 1RM and rest interval of 2’ between sets were done. At the second moment (M2), the participants did the same procedures described above. However, in this phase, there was just a warm up of 5’ at 50% HRres before the (SE). The total number of repetitions was recorded in each set of both M1 and M2. Descriptive statistics was held. For inferential analysis were used the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, factorial ANOVA for repeated measures, and Tukey post-hoc test. Significance level was p<0.05.Results: There was no difference (p=0.35) on the number of repetitions after within groups analysis. As for the between group analysis, a significant decrease (p=0.01) on dependent variable was observed.Conclusion: CE exerted negative interference on lower limbs strength performance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document