Phytochemical Constituents and Toxicity of the Ethanol Extract of Ricinus communis (L.) in Drosophila melanogaster

The study aimed to evaluate the toxic ability of the ethanol extract of Ricinus communis (L.) in Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly model. The toxicity was determined through different criteria, including the ability to cause harmful effects on second instar larvae, reproduction, growth and development, and the movement ability of fruit flies. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Ricinus communis expressed its high toxicity against 2nd instar larvae of Drosophila melanogaste with the LD50 value of 64.63 mg/mL. In addition, Ricinus communis extract reduced the growth rate, reproduction and decreased the movement ability of Drosophila melanogaster. The total flavonoid and polyphenol content of the ethanol extract of Ricinus communis were 338.26 mgQE/g extract and 160.43 mgGAE/g extract, respectively. These findings contribute to confirming the toxic properties of ethanol extract of Ricinus communis and their potential use in preventing and controlling pest.

Obstacle Capability of an Air-Ground Amphibious Reconnaissance Robot with a Planetary Wheel-Leg Type Structure

According to the requirements of the reconnaissance robot for the ability to adapt to a complex environment and the in-depth study of the obstacle climbing mechanisms, a planetary wheel-leg-combined mechanism capable of adapting to complex terrains is proposed. According to the proposed planetary wheel-leg-combined mechanism, the land part of the air-ground amphibious reconnaissance robot is designed. Considering the obstacle and fast marching performance, four groups of combined wheel-leg mechanisms are adopted in the land bank. Under the action of three kinds of obstacles, the stability and the movement ability of the robot are analyzed by using the static method. The parameter model of the reconnaissance robot is built by a virtual prototype dynamics software MSC.ADMAS. The kinematic characteristic curves of each component and the whole prototype are obtained, which provides a theoretical basis for the design and numerical calculation of the robot structure. Finally, the climbing ability tests of the reconnaissance robot prototype verify the reliability and practicability of the body structure of the reconnaissance robot.

A Novel Technique for Endoscope Progression in Gastroscopy Resection: “6”- Turn of Gastroscopy Along The Greater Curvature Wall for Dissection of Stromal Tumor in The Muscularis Propria of The Gastric Fundus

Objective The fundus of the stomach is a challenging region for endoscopic resection of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), especially in the anterior wall of the fornix at the side of the greater curvature. The aim of this study was to introduce using the “6”-turn of gastroscopy along the greater curvature wall (6TGS) technique in operation on the gastric fundus and provide evidence of its advantages. Methods The clinical data of patients with stromal tumor in muscularis propria at the gastric fundus (STMF) at the Fourth Hospital of China Medical University between July 2016 and Dec 2020 were reviewed. The novel 6TGS technique was used in the procedure. The beneficial effects, suitability, applicable lesion site, influencing factors, and success rates of 6TGS were analyzed. Results Ten cases in total were reviewed, and the 6TGS technique was successfully performed in 7 cases (70%). In all 7 patients, the gastroscope’s tip could access the location just below the gastric cardia, and all angles/sites of the fundus of the stomach could be operated on. The lesion was easily accessed, and the gastroscope was stable with good left-right movement ability and moderate forward and backward movement ability. Conclusion 6TGS can improve the safety of gastroscopy resection of STMF and facilitate the excision of tumors in challenging sites in the gastric fundus. Patients need to be under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation in the supine position to perform the 6TGS technique after distending the stomach with less air.

Construction of Wireless Underground Footwork Mobile Training and Monitoring Sensor Network in Venues of Major Sports Events

At the Summer Olympics in Tokyo, technology was used extensively in major sports events. The level of foot movement ability greatly affects the performance of sports technology. Modern sports are developing in the direction of high speed, high skills, flexibility, and rapidity, and more and more reflect the important position of reasonable and accurate foot movement ability in sports. This article uses wireless sensor technology and wireless communication technology to design the overall architecture of the wireless underground footwork mobile training and monitoring network in venues of major sports events. According to the determined monitoring parameters and data transmission plan, a wireless remote monitoring data acquisition system is designed, and the hardware design, software design, and networking of the wireless monitoring node are completed, so as to realize the real-time monitoring and remote transmission of the underlying data. This paper proposes a wireless sensor network management architecture and method based on multiagent cooperation and combines active and passive wireless underground footwork mobile training and monitoring for experimental verification. A multitask allocation strategy optimized for network working life is proposed. A genetic algorithm is used to model and optimize the task data report routing of cluster head nodes. The simulation experiment results show that the wireless sensor network management method based on multiagent cooperation can effectively coordinate different monitoring sensor nodes to complete the assigned monitoring tasks; the multitask assignment strategy based on a genetic algorithm can optimize the working life of the application network.

The Toxic Effect of Cu and CuO Nanoparticles on Euplotes Aediculatus

Toxicology tests were carried out by choosing Cu nanoparticles (CuNPs) and CuO nanoparticles (CuONPs) as experimental materials and Euplotes aediculatus as the experimental organism. To investigate the toxicity effect and mechanism of two NPs on E. aediculatus, we determined antioxidant enzyme activity and observed morphologic changes using optical and electron microscopes, combined with the Fourier infrared spectrum technique. The results showed that the 24 h-LC50 of CuNPs and CuONPs was 0.46 µg/L and 1.24×103 µg/L. The movement ability of cells was decreased and surface cilia gradually shed with CuNPs and CuONPs at 24 h-LC50. In addition, the cell body swelled and finally ruptured. There were varying extents of damage to the nucleus and mitochondria. With CuNPs, disappearance of nucleoli and condensation of chromatin were observed, while the mitochondria were wrinkled in an irregular shape and cristae were partially fractured. With CuONPs, changes of nucleus were not obvious, and the mitochondria were merely irregular. While neither CuNPs nor CuONPs had major effect on the ultrastructure of the membrane, some functional groups were oxidized with CuNPs, e.g. PO2-, C-O-C, δ(COH) of carbohydrates. The 24 h-EC50, 48 h-EC50 and 72 h-EC50 of CuNPs on E. aediculatus were 2.10×10-3 µg/L, 7.92×10-4 µg/L and 2.77×10-4 µg/L. The EC50 of CuONPs in same period was 7.20 µg/L, 0.86 µg/L and 0.19 µg/L. The above concentration of CuNPs and CuONPs could increase the activities of SOD, CAT and GPx, which were dose-dependent. The above results indicate that CuNPs and CuONPs inhibited reproduction and caused death. CuNPs were more toxic to E. aediculatus and more destructive to cell structure. Oxidative stress and destruction to cell structures may be toxic mechanisms. The E. aediculatus was more sensitive to CuNPs or CuONPs, and the value of 24 h-LC50 was much lower than other organisms, so it can be recommended as an indicator for early monitoring in freshwater environment.

A Self-Powered Sensor for Body Motion Mechanical Energy Collection and Monitor

A self-powered sensor for the collection and monitor of body motion mechanical energy is manufactured. This sensor is made up of PVDF which is dealt with polarization. According to practical needs, single or multiple sensors could be selected to serve the function. Through piezoelectric voltage signal that produced by tester body motion mechanical energy to achieve body motion monitor and energy collection to charge microelectronic equipment. This kind of study can help collect body motion energy, facilitate sports training, guide exercise rehabilitation, and promote evaluation of human movement ability to prevent potential risks such as falls. It provides new ideas to material science and sports science practical application.

Kemampuan Gerak Dasar Kids Atletik pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar di Kecamatan Kedungkandang Kota Malang

The purpose of this study was to determine and assess the basic movement abilities of athletic kids in elementary school students in Kedungkandang district, Malang city. The study used a survey design and a research approach in the form of an observation method. The subjects of this study were 60 elementary school students in the district. The results showed that the kangas escape test was in the sufficient category of 28 people (46.67 percent), the results of the frog jumping test were in the good category of 29 people (48.33 percent), the results of the Turbo throw test in the sufficient category were 21 people (35 percent), the results of the formula 1 running test were in the under category of 27 people (45 percent). The conclusion of this research is that the basic movement ability of elementary school students athletic in Kedungkandang sub-district, Malang city tends to be in the "enough" category. Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan mengkaji kemampuan gerak dasar Kids atletik siswa SD di Kecamatan Kedungkandang Kota Malang. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan survei dan pendekatan penelitian berupa metode observasi. Subjek penelitian ini siswa Sekolah Dasar di Kecamatan berjumlah 60 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tes kangas escape pada kategori cukup jumlah 28 orang (46,67 persen), hasil tes loncat katak berada pada kategori baik jumlah 29 orang (48,33 persen), hasil tes lempar Turbo pada di kategori cukup jumlah 21 orang (35 persen), hasil tes lari formula 1 berada pada kategori kurang jumlah 27 orang (45 persen). Simpulan penelitian bahwa kemampuan gerak dasar Kids atletik siswa SD di Kecamatan Kedungkandang Kota Malang dominan cenderung berada pada kategori “cukup”.

The Research Of Students’ Motor Ability In Archery Extracurricular

The purpose of this study was to determine the Motor Ability of Archery Extracurricular Students at Harapan Indonesia Elementary School. This research is motivated by the low basic movement ability of students so that it needs to be studied further. This ability is very necessary for the development of students because with the increasing number of students doing Multilateral Movement. then, the students' motor skills will also get better. This greatly affects the talents possessed by each student in achieving achievements, especially in the field of Archery. The type of research used is descriptive in describing certain conditions with a sample of 30 male students. The sampling technique was taken by purposive sampling, namely the sampling was based on certain considerations. The implementation was carried out at Harapan Indonesia Elementary School. Data were taken using Motor Ability Test with a range of 10-12 years. The data analysis technique uses descriptive statistics. The results of the analysis showed that the motor skills of students from 30 respondents were obtained in the "very good" category as many as 7 people or 23.33%, the "good" category as many as 9 people or 30.00%, the "moderate" category as many as 12 people or 40.00%, the "less" category as many as 2 people or 6.67%, while there is no “very little” category.Key words: Motor Ability, Archery, Ektracurricular

Upregulated Expression of Profilin1 on Dendritic Cells in Patients With Severe Aplastic Anemia

Severe aplastic anemia (SAA) is a life-threatening form of bone marrow failure that is associated with very high mortality. Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen presenting cells (APCs) with powerful movement ability, which is an important factor affecting immune function. The expression of profilin1 (Pfn1) plays an important role in the regulation of cell movement ability. We detected the expression of Pfn1 mRNA in the bone marrow (BM) myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) from patients with SAA using RT-PCR. Next, we examined Pfn1 expression on mDCs using flow cytometry (FCM). We also assessed the relationship between Pfn1 expression and cytokine levels. Our data showed increased Pfn1 mRNA expression in patients with SAA. The expression of Pfn1 in BM mDCs increased in SAA patients. The expression of Pfn1 on mDCs and cytokines (TNF-α and IFN-γ) were positively correlated in the serum of untreated patients with SAA. Taken together, we found that the expression of Pfn1 on mDCs of SAA patients increased, which may affect the function of mDCs. Profilin 1 may be involved in the immunopathogenesis of SAA.