Vehicles Dispatching Problem for Cooperative Deliveries from Multiple Depots

2000 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
Kewei Chen ◽  
◽  
Yasufumi Takama ◽  
Kaoru Hirota
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Individual Layer ◽  
Tokyo Metropolitan Area ◽  
Multiple Depots ◽  
Decision Area ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Inference Methods

A new concept of the VDP/CD/MD problem (Vehicles Dispatching Problem for Cooperative Deliveries from Multiple Depots) and its formularization are proposed to provide a solver for the complex situation in the real new style transportation problem. An enhanced computational model with hierarchical multiplex structure, called the HIMS++ model, is introduced for the VDP/CD/MD problem. It contains 3 layers: the Atomic layer is a fluctuation area of system cost, the Molecular layer is a forming area of system state, and the Individual layer is a decision area of dispatching plan. The HIMS++ model is constructed as a software component using object-oriented paradigm. Its optimization algorithm is implemented through meta-heuristic and fuzzy inference methods. Experiments using 3-day order data taken from an actual dispatching center in Tokyo metropolitan area with 27 tank lorries (2 types) are done. It is confirmed that the HIMS++ model is very accurate (10%up) and fast (12 times) than the results given by the experts. The HIMS++ model is also a convenient tool (with few parameters and covering many objectives) for practical transportation problems.

Facile rearrangement of molecular layer deposited metalcone thin films by electron beam irradiation for area selective atomic layer deposition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seunghwan Lee ◽  
GeonHo Baek ◽  
Hye-mi Kim ◽  
Yong-Hwan Kim ◽  
Jin-Seong Park
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Atomic Layer Deposition ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Selective Deposition ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Amorphous Structures

Metalcone films can be rearranged from amorphous structures to 2D-like carbon by electron beam irradiation. The irradiated indicone (HQ) film can be used as an inhibitor for selective deposition delaying 20 cycles of ALD of ZnO.

scholarly journals PROXIMITY EFFECTS AND CURIE TEMPERATURE ENHANCEMENT IN Co/EuS AND Fe/EuS MULTILAYERS

SPIN ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 1250016 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. LEWITZ ◽  
A. STRAUB ◽  
V. KAPAKLIS ◽  
P. POULOPOULOS ◽  
A. DELIMITIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Curie Temperature ◽  
Exchange Coupling ◽  
Proximity Effects ◽  
Antiferromagnetic Exchange ◽  
Coupling Constant ◽  
Polycrystalline Structure ◽  
Individual Layer ◽  
Temperature Enhancement ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Almost Continuous

Two identical Co/EuS and Fe/EuS multilayers of six periods each and with individual layers of about 4 nm thick are grown by e-beam evaporation under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. The films show polycrystalline structure with a grain size limited by the individual layer thickness. Both multilayers consist of almost continuous layers with some roughness. The surface peak-to-peak roughness is about 4–5 nm. Magnetization measurements and calculations of the loops based on a Stoner–Wohlfarth-like model allow us to determine the direct antiferromagnetic exchange coupling constant between the 3d metal and EuS at 5 K. Both samples show strong enhancement of the Curie temperature of EuS up to at least 50 K with a EuS magnetization tail, which persists up to about 100 K. The J = 7/2 character of the EuS layers is shown to be responsible for the large Curie temperature enhancement.

The mechanical robustness of atomic-layer- and molecular-layer-deposited coatings on polymer substrates

2009 ◽  
Vol 105 (9) ◽  
pp. 093527 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Miller ◽  
Ross R. Foster ◽  
Yadong Zhang ◽  
Shih-Hui Jen ◽  
Jacob A. Bertrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Polymer Substrates

scholarly journals Synthesis of a Rationally Designed Multi-Component Photocatalyst Pt:SiO2:TiO2(P25) with Improved Activity for Dye Degradation by Atomic Layer Deposition

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Benz ◽  
Hao Van Bui ◽  
Hubertus T. Hintzen ◽  
Michiel T. Kreutzer ◽  
J. Ruud van Ommen
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Layer Deposition ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Materials Behavior

Photocatalysts for water purification typically lack efficiency for practical applications. Here we present a multi-component (Pt:SiO2:TiO2(P25)) material that was designed using knowledge of reaction mechanisms of mono-modified catalysts (SiO2:TiO2, and Pt:TiO2) combined with the potential of atomic layer deposition (ALD). The deposition of ultrathin SiO2 layers on TiO2 nanoparticles, applying ALD in a fluidized bed reactor, demonstrated in earlier studies their beneficial effects for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants due to more acidic surface Si–OH groups which benefit the generation of hydroxyl radicals. Furthermore, our investigation on the role of Pt on TiO2(P25), as an improved photocatalyst, demonstrated that suppression of charge recombination by oxygen adsorbed on the Pt particles, reacting with the separated electrons to superoxide radicals, acts as an important factor for the catalytic improvement. Combining both materials into the resulting Pt:SiO2:TiO2(P25) nanopowder exceeded the dye degradation performance of both the individual SiO2:TiO2(P25) (1.5 fold) and Pt:TiO2(P25) (4-fold) catalysts by 6-fold as compared to TiO2(P25). This approach thus shows that by understanding the individual materials’ behavior and using ALD as an appropriate deposition technique enabling control on the nano-scale, new materials can be designed and developed, further improving the photocatalytic activity. Our research demonstrates that ALD is an attractive technology to synthesize multicomponent catalysts in a precise and scalable way.

Self-Assembly of Inorganic/Organic Multilayer Films

1994 ◽  
Vol 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid C. Zeppenfeld ◽  
Catherine J. Page
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Grazing Angle ◽  
Multilayer Films ◽  
Silicon Wafers ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Individual Layer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Influence Of Substrate ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACTIn order to investigate the influence of substrate functionalization on the subsequent selfassembly of multilayer films, multilayers composed of alternating hafnium and 1,10-decanediylbis(phosphonic) acid (DBPA) have been grown on three different substrates. Substrates studied include gold wafers functionalized with 4-mercaptobutylphosphonic acid, silicon wafers functionalized using a hafnium oxychloride solution, and silicon wafers coated with an octadecylphosphonate LB-template layer. The nature of these films is probed using ellipsometry and grazing angle x-ray diffraction. These studies indicate that the overall order and the individual layer thickness can vary substantially from sample to sample and depend strongly on the initial surface functionalization prior to multilayer growth.

Estimation of Chlorophyll Concentration Index at Leaves using Artificial Neural Networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
pp. 1750026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Serhat Odabas ◽  
Nurettin Senyer ◽  
Gokhan Kayhan ◽  
Erhan Ergun
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
General Regression Neural Network ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Neuro Fuzzy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
General Regression

In this study, the effectiveness of an SPAD-502 portable chlorophyll (Chl) meter was evaluated for estimating the Chl contents in leaves of some medicinal and aromatic plants. To predict the individual chlorophyll concentration indexes of St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.), mint (Mentha angustifolia L.), melissa (Melissa officinalis L.), thyme (Thymus sp.), and echinacea (Echinacea purpurea L.), models were developed using SPAD value. Multi-layer perceptron (MLP), adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), and general regression neural network (GRNN) were used for determining the chlorophyll concentration indexes.

scholarly journals Cracking and Toughening Mechanisms in Nanoscale Metallic Multilayer Films: A Brief Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Zhou ◽  
Yue Ren ◽  
Yin Du ◽  
Dongpeng Hua ◽  
Weichao Han
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Plastic Instability ◽  
Multilayer Films ◽  
Fracture Mechanisms ◽  
Toughening Mechanisms ◽  
Individual Layer ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Mechanical Responses ◽  
The Individual

Nanoscale metallic multilayer films (NMMFs) have captured scientific interests on their mechanical responses. Compared with the properties of monolithic films, multilayers possess unique high strength as the individual layer thickness reduces to the nanoscale, which is benefited from the plentiful hetero-interfaces. However, NMMFs always exhibit a low fracture toughness and ductility, which seriously hinders their practical applications. While there have been reviews on the strengthening and deformation mechanisms of microlaminate, rapid developments in nanotechnology have brought an urgent requirement for an overview focused on the cracking and toughening mechanisms in nanoscale metallic multilayers. This article provides an extensive review on the structure, standard methodology and fracture mechanisms of NMMFs. A number of issues about the crack-related properties of NMMFs have been displayed, such as fracture toughness, wear resistance, adhesion energy, and plastic instability. Taken together, it is hoped that this review will achieve the following two purposes: (1) introducing the size-dependent cracking and toughness performance in NMMFs; and (2) offer a better understanding of the role interfaces displayed in toughening mechanisms. Finally, we list a few questions we concerned, which may shed light on further development.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document