scholarly journals Policy Analysis of Restriction of Internet Access in The Region of Papua in 2019 in A National Security Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
Yusuf Syibly Ramadhan ◽  
Adis Imam Munandar
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
National Security ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Alternative Solution ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Early Prevention ◽  
The Government ◽  
Narrative Policy Framework

The issue of racism that occurred in 2019 caused riots to erupt in the Papua region. The spread of hoaxes was one of the factors in the spread of riots so that the government issued a policy to restrict internet access but was later sued by the Southeast Asia Freedom of Expression Network (SAFEnet) Indonesia and the Alliance of Independent Journalists (AJI) to the PTUN and the result was that the government was found guilty for having committed an illegal act. This study analyzes the policy of restricting internet access in the Papua region in 2019 from a national security perspective using the Narrative Policy Framework (NPF) method. Although internet restrictions aim to create national security stability, this policy is not appropriate and its implementation is not in accordance with the mandate of the ITE Law so that as an alternative solution the government must prioritize early prevention and takedown actions that spread hoaxes or have the potential to threaten national security stability by synergizing all agencies government related.

The Pentagon Papers Framework, Fifty Years Later

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Allison Aviki ◽  
Jonathan Cedarbaum ◽  
Rebecca Lee ◽  
Jessica Lutkenhaus ◽  
Seth P. Waxman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
National Security ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
New York Times ◽  
National Defense ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One

In New York Times Co. v. United States,1 the Supreme Court confronted a problem that is inherent in a democratic society that values freedom of expression and, in particular, the role of the press in challenging the truthfulness of claims by the government, especially in the realm of national security. On the one hand, as Justice Potter Stewart wrote in his concurring opinion, “it is elementary” that “the maintenance of an effective national defense require[s] both confidentiality and secrecy.”...

scholarly journals Is Internet Access a Matter of Freedom of Expression? Some Examples from Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-81
Author(s):  
Bogdan Kelichavyi ◽  
Katrin Nyman Metcalf
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Positive Indicators

Abstract Freedom of expression does not only mean absence of censorship or other restrictive content laws—it also means that people have real access to communication. Nowadays, internet is a key means of communication. In this article we explain the relevance of access to internet from legal, practical and market aspects for freedom of expression. To illustrate the question, we present the situation in Ukraine. We look at legislation, including restrictions due to national security—availability, affordability and accessibility of internet. Ukraine is an interesting example of a mixture of very positive indicators and some remaining restrictions.

scholarly journals PENGAJARAN NILAI BELA NEGARA MELALUI PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN SEBAGAI UPAYA CEGAH DINI TERHADAP RADIKALISME

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Surryanto Waluyo ◽  
Fauzia Gustarina Cempaka Timur ◽  
Ningsih Susilawati
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
National Security ◽  
Civic Education ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Early Prevention ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Government ◽  
State Defense

ABSTRAKAncaman radikalisme dan terorisme hingga saat ini masih berkembang di Indonesia. Kelompok yang rentan dari pergerakan gerakan radikal ini adalah pelajar sekolah menengah atas, civitas akademika kampus, serta masyarakat umum secara terbatas. Hal ini tentu saja menjadi ancaman serius bagi negara, karena dapat mengancam keamanannasional dan masyarakatnya. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilalukan pencegahan dini terhadap radikalisme yang dapat berujung pada aksi terorisme. Tindakan pencegahan ini dapat dilakukan melalui berbagai upaya seperti meningkatkanketahanan masyarakat. Dalam menjawab persoalan di atas, penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan analitis deskriptif, sehingga penelitian ini mendeskripsikan mengenai fenomena gerakan radikal dan aksi terorisme di Indonesua dan menganalisis upaya pencegahan dini yang dapat dilakukan oleh Pemerintah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua pola penyebaran radikalisme di Indonesia, yaitu melalui Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat (LSM) tertentu dan pembentukan kelompok-kelompok kajian. mengingat rentanya masyarakat khususnya kaum pelajar akan ancaman radikalisme ini, maka upaya pencegahan dapat dilakukan dengan memberikan pemahaman bela negara melalui mata pelajaran Pendidikan dan Kewarganegaraan. Dalam pelajaran ini, siswa / mahasiswa diberikan pemahaman mengenai nilai-nilai dasar bela negara, sehingga ancaman dari paham-paham radikalisme terhadap masyarakat dapat dicegah secara dini.Kata kunci: Radikalisme, Terorisme, Bela Negara, Perguruan Tinggi, dan Keamanan Nasional ABSTRACTAbstract:The threat of radicalism and terrorism is still on developing phase in Indonesia. Groups that are vulnerable to this radical movement are high school students, the campus academic community, and society in a limited manner. This is a serious threat to the state because it can threaten national security and the society. Therefore, it is necessary to do early prevention against radicalism which can lead to acts of terrorism. This preventive action can be done through various efforts such as increasing community resilience. In answering the problems above, this study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach. Furthermore, this research will describe the phenomenon of radical movements and acts of terrorism in Indonesia and analyzes early prevention efforts that can be carried out by the Government. The results showed that there were two patterns of the spread of radicalism in Indonesia, first, through non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and the formation of study groups. Furthermore, preventive action could be carried out by providing an understanding of state defense through Civic Education. In this lesson, the students are given an understanding of the basic values of state defense, so radicalism threat can be prevented early.Keywords: Radicalism, Terrorism, State Defense, Higher Education, and National Security

scholarly journals Narrative Policy Framework (NPF) Analysis Terhadap Pelibatan Intelijen Negara dalam Penanganan Covid-19 di Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-201
Author(s):  
Andhi Bahtiar ◽  
Adis Imam Munandar
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
Intelligence Agency ◽  
Counter Narrative ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Narrative Policy Framework

The policy of involving and taking steps by the State Intelligence Agency (BIN) as a secret agency in handling Covid-19 is deemed incompatible with its main duties and functions. The polemic arose when it was feared that this involvement could potentially lead to abuse of authority and practice of reducing BIN to the role of other, more credible institutions in handling Covid-19. Through the analysis of the Narrative Policy Framework (NPF) on the existing literature review, this study will confront the policy counter-narrative with the dominant narrative used, namely that Covid-19 is a national security threat which is the responsibility of BIN as the first line of national defense. The metanarative results in this study explain that the difference in perceptions between the two narratives originates from the trauma of intelligence practices in the past, which is faced with the dynamics of national security threats today and in the future.

PUBLIC DIPLOMACY RELATIONS OF UZBEKISTAN WITH MALAYSIA DURING THE YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Otabek Alimardonov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Government

Today, Malaysia is one of the most developed countries in Southeast Asia and a close partner of Uzbekistan in the region. Taking into account the peculiarities of the development and achievements of the countries of Southeast Asia, the Government of Uzbekistan from the first years of independence has paid special attention to the establishment and development of cooperation with Malaysia

DAYA SAING DAN PERAN PEMERINTAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN DAYA SAING KOMODITI KAKAO DI SULAWESI TENGAH

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-96
Author(s):  
Siti Yuliaty Chansa Arfah ◽  
Harianto . ◽  
Suharno .
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Output Analysis ◽  
The Government ◽  
Central Sulawesi ◽  
Policy Analysis Matrix

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji daya saing komoditi kakao di Sulawesi Tengah dan melihat peran pemerintah dalam meningkatkan daya saing komoditi kakao. Data primer berasal dari observasi, wawancara dan kuesioner, sementara data sekunder berasal dari instansi terkait. Metode analisis menggunakan Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) dan analisis sensitivitas. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa nilai PCR Kabupaten Parigi Moutong 0,589 dan Kabupaten Sigi 0,396. Sedangkan nilai DRC Kabupaten Parigi Moutong 0,387 dan Kabupaten Sigi 0,319. Hal tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa usahatani komoditi kakao di Sulawesi Tengah memiliki daya saing, namun tidak menguntungkan secara ekonomi karena Sulawesi Tengah menghasilkan biji kakao yang tidak difermentasi akibatnya petani menerima harga rendah. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, pemerintah belum memberikan proteksi terhadap harga biji kakao dalam negeri melalui harga referensi biji kakao sehingga harga biji kakao didaerah penelitian masih tergolong rendah jika dibandingkan dengan harga di pasar internasional. Sementara terhadap input, pemerintah telah memberikan kebijakan subsidi kepada petani, namun implementasinya masih perlu perbaikan terutama terkait penyaluran dan pengelolaan bantuan agar merata. Kajian ini merekomendasikan masih diperlukan kebijakan pemerintah baik terhadap input maupun output untuk meningkatkan produktivitas, menurunkan biaya produksi dan menaikkan harga jual biji kakao, sehingga dapat meningkatkan daya saing biji kakao. The purpose of this study is to assess the competitiveness of cocoa in Central Sulawesi and to investigate the role of government in improving the competitiveness of cocoa. The primary data were generated through observation, interviews and some questionnaires. The secondary data were obtained from the agency or the institution related to the research. This study uses the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) and sensitivity analysis. The study found that the PCR value for Parigi Moutong district was 0.589 and Sigi district was 0.396. While, the DRC value for Parigi Moutong district was 0.387 and Sigi district was 0.319. This indicates that cocoa beans farming in Central Sulawesi has competitiveness, but not economically beneficial because Central Sulawesi produces unfermented cocoa beans consequently farmers receive low prices. Based on the results of the government's impact on output analysis, the government did not provide protection for domestic cocoa seed prices through the reference price of cocoa beans, consequently the price of domestic cocoa beans, particularly in the research area, was relatively low compared to the price of cocoa beans at the international market. Seen from the government policy on inputs, the government have provided subsidies to farmers but they need to improve the distribution and management of aid to be evenly distributed. It is necessary to set up good government policy on inputs and outputs in order to increase cocoa seed productivity, decrease production cost and increase the price which simultaneously can improve its competitiveness in the research location.

A Workable Method

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric K. Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Numerous Case ◽  
Careful Scrutiny ◽  
The Government ◽  
Judicial Scrutiny

This chapter discusses the task of methodology. How might a court ascertain the appropriate mode of review in a given security-liberty case, and how might the court effectively undertake that review? The chapter suggests a calibrated judicial review method that affords the government wide latitude in most national security matters, with courts adopting a posture of substantial deference. However, when the government claims pressing public necessity to legitimate measures that curtail fundamental liberties of citizens or noncitizens, careful judicial scrutiny takes over. With Korematsu as backdrop, the method delineates the mechanics for selecting the appropriate type of review in a given case. In doing so, it speaks to a judicial review conundrum generated by a briar patch of unexplained boilerplate language in numerous case opinions—opinions that first recite “the court’s substantial deference” to the executive on security matters, then follow with “but the court is duty-bound to protect constitutional liberties,” implicating careful scrutiny.

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