Ragam Karakter Morfologi Kulit Biji Beberapa Genotipe Plasma Nutfah Kedelai

Identification of morphological characters of soybean seed coat can be beneficial for industrial purposes and also important to enhance the seed quality genetically. The aims of the experiment were to identify the seed coat morphology of several soybean germplasm and to group them based on their seed coat morphological character. A total of 25 Balitkabi’s soybean germplasm were identified in Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Balitkabi and Laboratory of Biology, Malang University, from June until August 2005. The completely randomized design was used with three replications. Parameter measured include the thickness of seed coat layer and rate of imbibition. Cluster analysis was used to determine the index similarity of 25 soybean germplasms based on seed coat characters included epidermis, hypodermis, and parenchyma. The results shows that epidermis, hypodermis and parenchyma layer have mean of 0.051 mm, 0.160 mm, and 0.152 m, respectively. Imbibition’s rate ranged from 0.29-0.54% per hour. Cluster analysis was successfully clustering soybean genotypes into five groups, i.e. group with thin hypodermis layer, thin parenchyma, thick parenchyma, thick epidermis and hypodermis, and thinner parenchyma. AbstrakIdentifikasi karakter morfologi kulit biji kedelai tidak hanya bermanfaat untuk industri, namun juga penting untuk peningkatan mutu benih secara genetik. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi morfologi kulit biji beberapa genotipe plasma nutfah kedelai dan mengelompokkan berdasarkan karakter morfologi kulit biji. Bahan penelitian adalah 25 genotipe plasma nutfah kedelai yang dikoleksi oleh Balitkabi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pemuliaan Balitkabi dan Laboratorium Biologi FMIPA Universitas Negeri Malang, pada bulan Juni-Agustus 2005. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap, dengan tiga ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap ketebalan lapisan epidermis, hipodermis, parenkim, dan laju imbibisi. Sidik gerombol digunakan untuk menilai derajat kemiripan 25 genotipe kedelai berdasarkan karakter kulit biji (epidermis, hipodermis, dan parenkim). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lapisan epidermis, hipodermis, dan parenkim 25 genotipe kedelai masing-masing mempunyai ketebalan ratarata 0,051 mm, 0,160 mm, dan 0,152 mm. Kecepatan imbibisi berkisar antara 0,29-0,54%/jam. Sidik gerombol berhasil mengelompokkan 25 genotipe kedelai menjadi lima kelompok, yaitu kelompok genotipe yang memiliki lapisan hipodermis tipis, lapisan parenkim tipis, lapisan parenkim tebal, lapisan epidermis, hipodermis tebal, dan genotipe dengan lapisan parenkim yang lebih tipis.

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Evaluation of lignin content of soybean seed coat stored in a controlled environment

Revista Brasileira de Sementes ◽

10.1590/s0101-31222008000200028 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 220-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Francisco Carlos Krzyzanowski ◽

José de Barros Franca Neto ◽

Jose Marcos Gontijo Mandarino ◽

Milton Kaster

Keyword(s):

Seed Coat ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Lignin Content ◽

Soybean Seed ◽

Prolonged Storage ◽

Controlled Environment ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Soybean Seed Coat ◽

One Year

Breeding soybean for high seed quality is an important approach for developing cultivars for tropical regions, and the lignin content in the seed coat is one of the screening parameters for this trait. Considering that many breeding lines are evaluated in each growing season using the presently recommended method for lignin determination, a long period is required for the evaluation of the whole breeding program. This time limitation may influence lignin content assessment, if lignin is degraded during storage. This research reported was designed to determine whether lignin was degraded in the seed coat of soybean seed cultivars stored for one year in a controlled environment (10°C temperature and 50% air relative humidity). Seeds of 12 selected soybean cultivars that had a range in seed coat lignin content were evaluated. Seeds were hand harvested just after physiological maturity and evaluated for seed coat lignin content at harvest and after one year of storage in a cold room (10°C and 50% RH). The lignin content in seed coats differed significantly among cultivars in both analyses, but for both results the sequence of cultivar classification and the lignin content values of each cultivar did not change. A regression analysis of lignin content at harvest and after one year of storage indicated a direct relationship between both lignin determinations suggesting no differences between the lignin content of each cultivar due to prolonged storage (r² = 0.98***). This indicates that the lignin determination in the soybean seed coat can be performed over a long time period without any bias due to change in its content.

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Effect of tear/crack on soybean (Glycine max) seed coat, physiological quality and pathology of the seed

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.19.13.06.p1780 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 988-994 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bruna Ribeiro Machado ◽

Caio Cesar de Oliveira Pereira ◽

Élida Priscila Bogéa Carvalho ◽

Juliana Oliveira da Silva ◽

Letícia Maria de Oliveira Mendes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Seed Coat ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Soybean Seed ◽

Storage Period ◽

Moisture Damage ◽

Pathological Effect ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

The Impact

Seed coat tear is frequently occurs in some soybean cultivars. The impact of seed coat tear on seed physiology and sanitation is uncertain. Our objective was to analyze the physiological and pathological effect of tear on soybean (Glycine max) seed coat. The cultivars NS-8338-IPRO (with high incidence of tear) and NS-6906-IPRO (with low incidence of tear) were used. A tetrazolium test was used to assess the physiological quality of the seed coat before and after storage. The sanitary quality was assessed through the "Blotter Test". For each storage period, we evaluated seeds with 0% coat tear, up to 10%, and above 10%. The experiment was performed in a completely randomized design using the methodologies proposed by RAS. The coat tear on soybean seed positively contributed to the moisture damage affecting the inner part of the seed. Incidences of Fusarium sp. and Aspergillus sp. were frequently observed in torn seeds and in seeds without tear (around 9-10%) but did not interfere with seed quality. The appearance of coat tear on soybean seed is increased by moisture damage and do not serve as a gateway for the fungi to cause damage during seed emergence.

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Development and characterization of a polyampholyte-based reactor immobilizing soybean seed coat peroxidase for analytical applications in a flow system

Biochemical Engineering Journal ◽

10.1016/j.bej.2011.08.014 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 58-59 ◽

pp. 57-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Lisandro R. Denaday ◽

M. Victoria Miranda ◽

Rosa M. Torres Sánchez ◽

Juan M. Lázaro Martínez ◽

Lucía V. Lombardo Lupano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Coat ◽

Flow System ◽

Soybean Seed ◽

Analytical Applications ◽

Soybean Seed Coat

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Expression of genes SBP and leginsulin in contrasting soybean seed coats

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20140172 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (10) ◽

pp. 1695-1700

Author(s):

Carlos André Bahry ◽

Paulo Dejalma Zimmer

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Soybean Seed ◽

Future Research ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

New Information ◽

Soybean Genotypes ◽

Phases Of Development ◽

Seed Coats ◽

Early Phases

ABSTRACT: Evaluation of differential candidate gene expression in contrasting soybean seeds is an auxiliary tool in the partial elucidation of processes involved in seeds formation, as well as it contributes to the generation of new information that can be used in future research or in the development of r genetic superior constitutions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of two candidate genes, SBP and leginsulin genes, possibly involved in seed quality, in contrasting coats of four soybean genotypes. Two cultivars of yellow soybeans were used, BMX Potência RR and CD 202, and two lines of black soybean, TP and IAC. Gene expression was evaluated using qPCR in seven stages of development from seed coats for four genotypes, at 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, and 55 days after anthesis. The design was completely randomized, with three replications. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means compared by Tukey's test at 5% probability. SBP and leginsulin gene have higher expression in the early phases of development from seed coats of BMX Potência RR cultivar, followed by the IAC line. These genotypes are therefore of interest for further research involving these genes.

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Influence of lignin content in soybean seed coat on the incidence of the storage fungus Aspergillus flavus

Revista Brasileira de Sementes ◽

10.1590/s0101-31222012000400003 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 541-548 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ísis Barreto Dantas ◽

João Almir de Oliveira ◽

Heloisa Oliveira dos Santos ◽

Édila Vilela Resende Von Pinho ◽

Sttela Dellyzete Veiga Franco da Rosa

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Aspergillus Flavus ◽

Seed Coat ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Lignin Content ◽

Soybean Seed ◽

Storage Period ◽

Seed Storage ◽

Seed Health ◽

Physiological Quality

Seed quality may be affected by several factors, including permeability, color, and lignin content in the seed coat. This study aimed at evaluating influence of lignin content in the tegument of seed samples of six different soybean cultivars, in which half of each sample was inoculated with the fungus Aspergillus flavus, on the physical and physiological quality, and on the seed health, during 180 days storage period, under cold chamber with controlled conditions of temperature and RH. For that, at each interval of 60 days, samples were removed, and the physiological quality of these seeds was assessed by means of moisture and lignin contents; and by tests of seed health, germination, and electrical conductivity. The moisture content of seeds remained constant during all storage period. In the seed health test, it was found that inoculation was efficient, once the minimum incidence of the fungus in the inoculated seeds was 85%. In the germination test, there was a trend of reduction on percentage germination with the increase in storage period. However, there was an increase on electrical conductivity of seeds assessed. It was concluded that there is no interference of the lignin content in the seed coat on the resistance to infection by the fungus Aspergillus flavus, even after seed storage for a period of 180 days.

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Selection of GmSWEET39 for oil and protein improvement in soybean

PLoS Genetics ◽

10.1371/journal.pgen.1009114 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. e1009114

Author(s):

Hengyou Zhang ◽

Wolfgang Goettel ◽

Qijian Song ◽

He Jiang ◽

Zhenbin Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Coat ◽

Molecular Basis ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Soybean Protein ◽

Wild Soybean ◽

Soybean Seed ◽

Pleiotropic Effect ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Dual Function ◽

Protein Accumulation

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] was domesticated from wild soybean (G. soja Sieb. and Zucc.) and has been further improved as a dual-use seed crop to provide highly valuable oil and protein for food, feed, and industrial applications. However, the underlying genetic and molecular basis remains less understood. Having combined high-confidence bi-parental linkage mapping with high-resolution association analysis based on 631 whole sequenced genomes, we mapped major soybean protein and oil QTLs on chromosome15 to a sugar transporter gene (GmSWEET39). A two-nucleotide CC deletion truncating C-terminus of GmSWEET39 was strongly associated with high seed oil and low seed protein, suggesting its pleiotropic effect on protein and oil content. GmSWEET39 was predominantly expressed in parenchyma and integument of the seed coat, and likely regulates oil and protein accumulation by affecting sugar delivery from maternal seed coat to the filial embryo. We demonstrated that GmSWEET39 has a dual function for both oil and protein improvement and undergoes two different paths of artificial selection. A CC deletion (CC-) haplotype H1 has been intensively selected during domestication and extensively used in soybean improvement worldwide. H1 is fixed in North American soybean cultivars. The protein-favored (CC+) haplotype H3 still undergoes ongoing selection, reflecting its sustainable role for soybean protein improvement. The comprehensive knowledge on the molecular basis underlying the major QTL and GmSWEET39 haplotypes associated with soybean improvement would be valuable to design new strategies for soybean seed quality improvement using molecular breeding and biotechnological approaches.

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