scholarly journals Biochar-Materials for Remediation on Swamplands: Mechanisms and Effectiveness

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Wahida Annisa ◽  
Mukhlis Mukhlis ◽  
Anna Hairani
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Root Function ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Metal Immobilization ◽  
Paper Review ◽  
Fe Hydroxide ◽  
Rice Husk Biochar ◽  
Tidal Swamps

<p class="JSDLKatakunci"><strong>Abstra</strong><strong>ct</strong><strong>.</strong> The purpose of this paper is to synthesize all research results qualitatively to explore the potential of biochar as a remediation agent in swamps, including its mechanism, and effectiveness. The soil in swampland is characterized by the presence of pyrite (FeS<sub>2</sub>) which results in high acidity (soil pH &lt;3.5). The reduction process in swamps produces high amounts of ferrous iron (Fe<sup>2+</sup>) which is then released into the environment. The mechanism of iron (Fe) poisoning is indicated by the inhibition of nutrient uptake because the roots are covered with iron. This disturbes the root function as a nutrient absorber. Recent research shows that biochar could be used as an approach to reduce soil pollution in swamps through metal immobilization processes. This review paper uses a qualitative method with meta-aggregation approach based on the Francis-Baldesari method (2006). Principally, the soil remediation mechanism using biochar does not remove metals but accumulate them into hydroxide or carbonate deposits with the help of existing microorganisms. Provision of rice husk Biochar can increase the pH value reaching ≥5.0 and grain yield by 20% in intensively cultivated tidal swamps. Increasing the pH value of the soil will supports the formation of Fe hydroxide deposits which are accumulated on rice roots.</p><p class="JSDLKatakunci"> </p><p><strong>Abstrak. </strong>Tujuan penulisan paper ini adalah mensintesis seluruh hasil penelitian secara kualitatif untuk<strong> </strong>menggali potensi biochar sebagai bahan remediasi pada lahan rawa meliputi mekanisme, dan efektivitasnya. Tanah di lahan ini dicirikan oleh keberadaan pirit (FeS<sub>2</sub>) yang menghasilkan keasaman tinggi (pH tanah &lt;3,5). Proses reduksi di lahan rawa menghasilkan besi ferro (Fe<sup>2+</sup>) dalam jumlah tinggi dan dilepaskan ke lingkungan. Mekanisme keracunan besi (Fe) ditunjukkan dengan terhambatnya serapan hara karena perakaran diselimuti oleh besi sehingga fungsi akar sebagai penyerap unsur hara terganggu. Penelitian terbaru menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan biochar sebagai salah satu pendekatan untuk mengurangi pencemaran tanah di lahan rawa melalui proses immobilisasi logam. Paper review ini menggunakan metode kualitatif berdasarkan metode Francis-Baldesari (2006) dengan pendekatan metaagregasi (meta-aggregation). Mekanisme remediasi tanah menggunakan biochar prinsipnya tidak menghilangkan logam tetapi mengakumulasinya menjadi endapan hidroksida maupun karbonat dengan bantuan mikroorganisme yang ada. Pemberian Biochar sekam padi dapat meningkatkan nilai pH mencapai ≥5,0 dan hasil gabah sebesar 20% di lahan rawa pasang surut yang intensif dibudidayakan. Peningkatan nilai pH tanah mendukung pembentukan endapan hidroksida Fe yang diendapkan pada akar padi.</p>

scholarly journals A Novel Process for the Synthesis of NaV2O5 Mesocrystals from Alkaline-Stripped Vanadium Solution via the Hydrothermal Hydrogen Reduction Method

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Guobin Zhang ◽  
Yimin Zhang ◽  
Shenxu Bao ◽  
Liuhong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hydrogen Reduction ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Oriented Attachment ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Synthesis Mechanism ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Synthesis Time

NaV2O5 mesocrystals were successfully synthesized from an alkaline-stripped pentavalent vanadium solution through a novel hydrothermal hydrogen reduction process. The optimal conditions for the hydrogen partial pressure, reaction temperature, initial solution pH value, and reaction time for the pure-phase NaV2O5 synthesis were ascertained to be 4 MPa, 200 °C, 4.0, and 2 h, respectively. The synthesis time (only 2 h) was greatly shortened, by nine times, compared with the most time-saving (18 h) hydrothermal process at present. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the as-prepared powders demonstrated a typical layered orthorhombic structure of NaV2O5. The purity of the as-prepared NaV2O5 reached up to 99.98%. An electrochemical test showed that the as-prepared NaV2O5 has a potential application in sodium ion batteries. According to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses, the as-prepared NaV2O5 powders were identified to have rod-like mesocrystals consisting of small rods which preferentially grow along the (010) direction. Furthermore, the phase transformation mechanism and crystal growth mechanism in NaV2O5 preparation were discussed systematically, based on which the synthesis mechanism of NaV2O5 was proposed as pentavalent vanadates pre-sedimentation, hydrogen reduction with dehydration, sodium ions insertion, and finally self-assembly oriented attachment. The synthesis process is characterized as time-saving and low-cost, and thus it may have great application prospects.

Dyeing Properties of Tussah Silk Fabric with Indigo Naturalis and Turmeric

2011 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 352-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Hao ◽  
Yan Hua Lu
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Silk Fabric ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Dyeing Properties ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
Indigo Naturalis ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Single Factor Experiment

Two vegetable dyes of indigo naturalis and turmeric were combined on dyeing tussah silk fabric with two steps. The first step is dyeing the silk fabric with indigo naturalis by reduction process, and then dyed with turmeric by direct dyeing process. The results of single factor experiment on the indigo naturalis dyed tussah silk fabric dyeing with turmeric indicated that the relative concentration, pH value, dyeing temperature, and dyeing time had effect to a certain extent on the over dyeing. The dyeing conditions were determined by the above single factor experiment. The rubbing fastness and washing resistance of the dyed silk fabric could achieve to grade 3 more than grade 3.

Synthesis of different classes of five/six membered heterocyclic cyanine dyes: A review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Review Paper ◽  
Cyanine Dyes ◽  
Carbocyanine Dyes ◽  
Synthetic Dye ◽  
Paper Review ◽  
Hemicyanine Dyes ◽  
Merocyanine Dyes

In this paper, synthesis of different classes of five/six membered heterocyclic cyanine dyes has been reviewed. In this paper review detailed synthesis steps were represented via equations. The synthesis covers, monomethine cyanine dyes (simple cyanine dyes), dimethine cyanine dyes, trimethine cyanine dyes (carbocyanine dyes), styryl cyanine dyes (hemicyanine dyes), aza-styryl cyanine dyes (aza-hemicyanine dyes and/or aza-cyanine dyes), merocyanine dyes (acyclic merocyanine dyes and cyclic merocyanine dyes) and apocyanine dyes. Besides, in the introduction section of this review paper some light is focused on the uses, applications and properties of cyanine dyes. This review paper is informative, useful and very readable for synthetic dye chemists, researchers and students who look for the different methods in the synthesis and preparation of various classes of five/six membered heterocyclic cyanine dyes with special emphasize in the field of heterocyclic and/or cyanine dyes chemistry. This specific type of collective review in the synthesis of different classes of only five/six membered heterocyclic cyanine dyes has been paid little attention and has great importance in the chemistry literature.

Review Paper: Review of Instrumentation for Irradiation Testing of Nuclear Fuels and Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 176 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bong Goo Kim ◽  
Joy L. Rempe ◽  
Jean-François Villard ◽  
Steinar Solstad
Keyword(s):  
Review Paper ◽  
Nuclear Fuels ◽  
Paper Review

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING INTERNALIZATION THEORY AND MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISES FROM EMERGING ECONOMIES IN BUSINESS HISTORY PERSPECTIVE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
Anteneh Dagnachew Sewenet
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Business History ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Internalization Theory ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Emerging Multinationals ◽  
Paper Review

This review paper is focused on applying and advancing the Internalization theory to address some of the most current gaps. This paper draws together and synthesizes the lessons learned from the various papers on internalization theory integrated with a business history perspective in this special issue.The review, therefore, is providing a comprehensive understanding of the internalization theory and how it will accommodate the issue of multinationals from emerging economies. To this end, the core point of this paper review focused on demonstrating how to better understand internalization theory and to show how the general internalization theory could be applicable in emerging economy multinationals. While discussing internalization theory and emerging multinationals important insights revealed complementing the business theory with business history to rethink using this two for current business phenomena. Finally, the paper discusses potential avenues for future research and conclusions.

scholarly journals PEMILIHAN BAHASA PADA MASYARAKAT ETNIK MADURA DI DESA PATEMON, KECAMATAN PAKUSARI, KABUPATEN JEMBER

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Nur Afifah Risqiana Agustin ◽  
Agus Sariono ◽  
Agustina Dewi Setyari
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Language Choice ◽  
Social Condition ◽  
Data Display ◽  
Process Data ◽  
The Family ◽  
Data Reduction Process

This research is motivated by the pluralism of Madurese ethnic society in Patemon village, subdistric of Pakusari, Jember. This social condition makes a multilingual society. In a certain situation, the society have to choose the language that will be used. This research has some purposes to know the form of language choice and the underly in factors. This research uses qualitative method. The resercher collected the data through observation, questionnaire, and interview. This tecnique of analilysis is done through tree stages: data reduction process, data display, and conclusion. The results of this research include the language choice in the family, neighboardhood, religion, govermental, and transaction domain. The language choice result in the family domain most of the informants use Madurese language in enjâ’-iya level. In household domain the languge choice of the informants are mostly use enjâ’-iya and engghi-enten level of speech. The religious domain most of the informants use engghi-enten level of speech. In the govermental domain the language choice are mostly Indonesian language. In the transacsion domain, the language choice are mostly use enjâ’-iya level of speech. Factors that determine language choice are psychological factors, habits, social status, education, kind of social relations, age, ethnic similarities or differences, and politeness in language. 

The sticking problem during direct reduction of fine iron ore in the fluidized bed

10.30544/378 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Komatina ◽  
HEINRICH W. GUDENAU
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Direct Reduction ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Inert Material ◽  
Reduction Of Iron ◽  
Fine Iron ◽  
Direct Reduction Of Iron

In this review paper described are possible chemical reactions and their thermodynamic analysis during direct reduction. The sticking mechanism during direct reduction in the fluidized bed was analysed, and the reasons for the sticking appearance explained. The most important parameters on the sticking were analysed. The ways for prevention and observation were considered. The plan for experimental investigations was proposed. The investigations could be performed in fluidized bed reactor. Coal will be used as inert material. Separately, the influence volatile content in the coal on the reduction process and sticking appearance, will be analysed. As results of these investigations would be some improvements of the method direct reduction of iron ore in the fluidized bed.

The Ag+ Reduction Process in a Plasma Electrochemical System Tuned by the pH Value

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Wu ◽  
Z Liu ◽  
L Xu ◽  
X Wang ◽  
Qiang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Cell ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Solution Chemistry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Electrochemical System ◽  
Solvated Electrons ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Discharge Plasmas ◽  
Nanomaterials Synthesis

Abstract The interactions between discharge plasmas and an aqueous solutions can enable the production of reactive species and charge transfer at the plasma-liquid interface, forming the plasma electrochemical system (PES). The PES are promising for diverse applications, such as nanomaterials synthesis, due to the activation of the solution chemistry by the plasma. In this paper, we investigate the influence of the solution’s pH value on the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in a direct current (DC) PES. Dual argon DC plasmas are generated in an H-type electrochemical cell containing an aqueous solution of silver nitrate with pH values in the range of 1.99-10.71. By this design, the solution acts as a cathode at one end of the H-type cell, and as an anode at the other end. The results show that the AgNPs are formed at the anode except for the solution with the pH value of 1.99. However, at the cathode, the AgNPs only appear in the solution with the pH value of 10.71. We find that the solvated electrons and hydrogen peroxide produced by the plasma-liquid interactions are responsible for the Ag+ reduction at the solution anode and the solution cathode, respectively.

scholarly journals Strategi Alternatif Pembelajaran Daring Mahasiswa Pendidikan Agama Islam Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-89
Author(s):  
Husnun Hanifah ◽  
Unik Hanifah Salsabila ◽  
Irwan Ghazali ◽  
Zul Nadi ◽  
Nisrina Khoirunnisa
Keyword(s):  
Blended Learning ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The World ◽  
Paper Review ◽  
Online Strategies ◽  
Teaching Learning

AbstrakPandemi covid-19 tengah melanda negara-negara diseluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Berbagai masalah yang disebabkan oleh pandemi muncul termasuk dalam bidang pendidikan yang mengakibatkan seluruh kegiatan belajar mengajar dilakukan secara daring untuk meminimalisir terjadinya penyebaran virus. Dalam pembelajaran Agama Islam terdapat beberapa tantangan saat mengajarkan kepada peserta didik terkait materi baik itu secara pemahaman konsep maupun praktik. Peserta didik, pendidik maupun praktisi pendidikan diharuskan untuk melek gawai sehingga diharapkan dapat mengikuti dan mendapatkan pembelajaran dari gawai sesuai anjuran kemendikbud yang mengharuskan semua melakukan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh. Pendidik diharapkan mampu menyediakan banyak pilihan  pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan setiap peserta didik sebagaimana disampaikan mendikbud bahwa harus mempersiapkan pembelajaran dalam bentuk blended learning. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  memberikan gambaran pelaksanaan pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dengan strategi alternatif dan inovasi guna mempermudah  jalannya pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dilakukan dengan metode review paper dari berbagai sumber yang akurat dan relevan seperti buku, jurnal dan artikel.Kata Kunci: Daring, Strategi, Pembelajaran, Pandemi, Pendidikan Agama Islam Abstract Pandemic covid-19 is sweeping countries around the world, including Indonesia. Problems generated by the pandemic include education that causes all teaching learning to be done online to minimize the spread of the virus. In the learning of Islam, there are several challenges when teaching learners about materials whether they understand concepts or practices. Students, educatiors were required to be literate so that they could expect to follow and to learn from the devices as instructed by the ministry that requires all to do a PJJ Long distance Learning. Educators will be able to provide many learning choices that suit the needs of each learner as suggested by dictating that they should prepare learning in the form of the blended learning. The study aims to provide an overview of the implementation of islamic religious education with alternative strategies and innovation to facilitate the course of learning. The study used a qualitative approach done with the paper review method of various sources that are accurate and relevant, such as books, journals and articles. Keywords: Online, strategies, Learning, Pandemic, Islamic education

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