scholarly journals Keefektifan Bioinsektisida Berbasis Cendawan Entomopatogen Talaromyces pinophilus dan Minyak Nabati terhadap Hama Penggerek Buah Kopi

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Khaerati Khaerati ◽  
Gusti Indriati ◽  
Edi Wardiana
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Carrier Material ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control ◽  
Crop Research ◽  
Talaromyces Pinophilus

<em>The coffee berry borer (CBB) Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), is one of the main pests that cause yield losses in coffee plants. This pest directly attacks the coffee berries, both immature and ripe. The entomopathogenic fungi is one of the potential biological agents for CBB, environmentally friendly and does not kill non-target organisms. The study was conducted at the Integrated Laboratory, Industrial and Beverage Crop Research Institute, from June to October 2018. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of bioinsecticide based on entomopathogenic fungus of Talaromyces pinophilus (EFTP) and vegetable oil on CBB. The completely randomized design with 31 treatments and 3 replications was used in this study. The 31<sup>th</sup> of treatments consisted of 9 formulas of bioinsecticide based on EFTP and vegetable oil, control-positive (bioinsecticide based on EFTP and water), and control- negative (Klorpirifos insecticide). Variables observed were the activities of EFTP enzyme, effectiveness of vegetable oil as a carrier material, mortality of CBB beetles, percentage of CBB attacks, percentage of hollow berries, and number of holes per 10 coffee berries. Results showed that the formula of bioinsecticide based on EFTP produce the chitinase and protease enzymes which were potential as biological agents to control CBB in vitro. Soybean oil is the most effective as a carrier material in formulating EFTP. The formula of S69MK30 and S79MK20 in concentration of 7.50% respectively have the highest potential as biological agents to control CBB. Other potential formula is S69MKT30 in concentration of 7.50%.</em>

scholarly journals In vitro antimicrobial activity and alternative control of anthracnose in papaya

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Héber Ferreira dos Reis ◽  
Lilian Maria Arruda Bacchi ◽  
Silvana de Paula Quintão Scalon ◽  
Jasna Karoliny Pereira Flores
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT: We evaluated the efficacy of natural products in the control of papaya anthracnose, in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro experiments for evaluation of mycelial growth used a completely randomized 10 × 4 factorial design (treatments × evaluation periods) with eight replicates, with sporulation evaluated at the end of the experiment. The treatments involved the use of aqueous extract at concentrations of 5 and 15% for Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & Perry (clove), Cinnamomum zeylanicum Breym (cinnamon), and Zingiber officinalis Rox. (ginger); 1 and 3% chitosan; the fungicide Prochloraz at 100 µg.mL-1; and a control (no treatment). For evaluating conidia germination, we used six treatments with five replicates. The treatments included 7.5% of each extract (clove, cinnamon, and ginger), 1.5% chitosan, and 50 µg.mL-1 of Prochloraz. For the in vivo experiment, “Formosa” papaya “Tainung 1” was used in a completely randomized design, with six treatments and four replicates to evaluate the severity of anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The fruits were treated by immersion for 5 min with 15% clove, cinnamon, and ginger extracts, 8% chitosan, and control with distilled water, and immersion for 2 min in Prochloraz (33.75 g a.i./100 L). The treatments with 15% clove extract and 8% chitosan were effective in all evaluations, resulting in a viable alternative to the fungicide Prochloraz. The treatments with ginger extract were less effective and those with cinnamon offered intermediate control.

scholarly journals In Vitro Screening Ketahanan Galur Padi (Oryza Sativa) B7 Hasil Rakitan Politeknik Negeri Lampung Terhadap Keracunan Besi (Fe)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Onny Chrisna Pandu Pradana ◽  
Siti Novridha Andini
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Iron Toxicity ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Culture Bottle ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

This research aimed to invstigate the response of paddy culture (B7 strain) assembled by Lampung State Polytechnic to the iron toxicity tolerance. The research was done at Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Lampung State Polytechnic, from July to September 2019. Treatments were single arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. The treatment tried was five levels of Fe concentrations (5,6 ppm 28 ppm, 56 ppm, 84 ppm, 112 ppm, and control). Each replication consisted of three culture bottle containing one explant. The homogenity of data was tested using Barlett test. If the assumption were fulfilled then analysis of variance is executed using STATISTIX 10, and then followed by the Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test in 5% alpha for mean separation and RPA analysis. The result of this research showed that the B7 strain has tolerance to iron toxicity until 56 ppm of Fe concentration, it can be concluded from the PAR value of its strain (>0,50). Meanwhile in  84 and 112 ppm of Fe concentration, the RPA value of B7 starin (<0,50), and it is indicate that its strain is sensitive. 

scholarly journals Efikasi Beberapa Agens Hayati Terhadap Penekanan Pertumbuhan Pyricularia grisea Secara In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Shyntiya Ayu Lestari ◽  
Umi Kalsum ◽  
Evan Purnama Ramdan
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Biological Agent ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Pyricularia Grisea ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

<p>The demand for rice as an important food crop in Indonesia is still constrained by the attack of blast disease caused by <em>Pyricularia grisea</em>. Controlling using synthetic chemical pesticides has a negative impact on the environment so that the use of biological agents is an alternative option. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of several biological agents against the pathogen <em>P. grisea</em> that causes blast disease in rice plants in vitro. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 levels of treatment and was repeated 3 times using the dooble culture method. The results of the study showed that the inhibition of <em>P. grisea</em> was the highest in the treatment of <em>P. grisea</em> × <em>Trichoderma</em> sp. and <em>P. grisea</em> × <em>Gliocladium</em> sp. namely 67.04% and 51.85% compared to other treatments. The <em>P. polymyxa</em> and <em>P. fluorescence</em> treatments showed low inhibition, namely 23.70% and 28.89%. Biological agents <em>Trichoderma</em> sp. and <em>Gliocladium</em> sp. able to inhibit the growth of the fungus <em>P. grisea</em>. Each biological agent has a different percentage of inhibition in that caused by the inhibitory mechanism of the biological agent.</p>

scholarly journals Efektivitas Minyak Cengkeh, Nimba dan Kemiri Sunan, serta Ekstrak Babadotan Terhadap Penyakit Karat Daun Kopi (Hemileia vastatrix)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Efi Taufiq ◽  
Gusti Indriati ◽  
Rita Harni ◽  
Dibyo Pranowo
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Plant Oils ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Coffee Plantation ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Hemileia Vastatrix ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

<p><em>Leaf rust disease </em>(Hemileia vastatrix)<em> is commonly controlled using synthetic fungicides.  Plant oils and extracts are expected to reduce the pathogen. The research aimed to determine the effectiveness of clove, </em>Reutealis trisperma<em>, </em><em>and neem oils, and </em>Ageratum conyzoides<em> extract against </em>H. vastatrix<em>. The study was conducted in the laboratory and greenhouse of the Indonesian Industrial and </em><em>Beverage Crops Research Institute and smallholder coffee plantation in Garut, West Java, from January to December 2018. </em>The A. conyzoides<em> were extracted in the laboratories.  Plant oils and extract's effectiveness</em><em> was tested in vitro against the germination of urediniospore and in a greenhouse to inhibit disease development. The in vitro experiment were evaluated the eight concentrations of extract and oil were:  0 (steril water), 250, 500, 1000,  1500, 3000, and 5000 ppm. Whereas, in the greenhouse experiments used three concentrations of 1000, 2500, and 5000 ppm of the extract and oil, and 2000 ppm of Mankozeb (positive control). The greenhouse test was carried out on Arabica coffee plants, completely randomized design and five replications.  The number of spots, disease intensity, and plant growth were examined periodically. The results showed that all of the the extract and oil inhibited the urediniospores germination, and the most effective concentrations were 500 ppm, 3000 ppm, and 5000 ppm. </em>A. conyzoides<em> extract, and clove oil effectively suppressed the infection of </em>H. vastatrix<em> by 75.99% and 64.00%, respectively, and comparable to the synthetic fungicide (68.00%).</em></p>

scholarly journals Fungi associated with Paspalum guenoarum seeds: their impact on physiology and control

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Frosi Gasparetto ◽  
Lauri Lourenço Radunz ◽  
Rodrigo Ramos Lopes ◽  
Lúcia Brandão Franke ◽  
José Antônio Martinelli
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
In Vitro Sensitivity ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT: Of the natural pastures grown in southern Brazil, those of the genus Paspalum are the most important. One of the factors that hinder their cultivation is the availability of quality seeds, that are often compromised by the presence of fungi. This study determined the in vitro sensitivity of Paspalum guenoarum ecotype azulão seed-associated fungus to certain fungicides and to measure the efficiency of chemical treatments for fungal control and seed physiological performance. Bipolaris micropus, Epicoccum sorghinum, Curvularia geniculata and Fusarium incarnatum associated with seeds were tested in vitro against Carbendazim; Tiram, Fludioxonil; Metalaxil-M, Carboxina; Tiram and Tiofanato-metílico at 0, 1, 2.5, 5, 10 and 30 µg/mL. This experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (factorial 4 × 4 × 6). Qualitative variables were compared using the Tukey test (P ≤ 0.05) and quantitative variables were subjected to regression analysis. Carbendazim; Tiram and Fludioxonil; Metalaxil-M had the best fungicidal performances, each inhibiting three of the four fungi with LD50s below 1 µg/mL. Subsequently, these two fungicides were used alone or in combination in the in vivo test. A completely randomized design was used and the means were compared using the Tukey test (P < 0.05). The chemical treatment of the seeds resulted in improvement of five of the six evaluated physiological parameters. The identification of the primary fungi associated with Paspalum seeds reported in this research, as well as damage done to them, can be diminished using appropriate measures such as seed treatments.

scholarly journals Uji Virulensi Dua Isolat Ganoderma sp. terhadap Bibit Kelapa Sawit Kultur Jaringan di Laboratorium

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Mhd Irvan Fadli Nst ◽  
Lisnawita Lisnawita ◽  
Suzanna Sitepu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Culture In Vitro ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

Busuk pangkal batang (Ganoderma sp.) pada tanaman kelapa sawit merupakan penyakit utama yang dihadapi oleh perkebunan kelapa sawit di Indonesia. Di lapangan banyak faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dari penyakit busuk pangkal batang dan penyakit ini menunjukkan serangan yang berbeda di setiap daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat daya virulensi dari dua isolat Ganoderma sp. yang berasal dari daerah berbeda tanpa adanya faktor-faktor lain pada kelapa sawit kultur jaringan secara invitro. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara pada bulan Maret - Juli 2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial dengan 3 perlakuan penginokulasian yaitu isolat Ganoderma sp.I, isolat Ganoderma sp.II, dan Kontrol. Hasil menunjukkan adanya perbedaan daya virulensi dari kedua isolat Ganoderma, dimana kejadian penyakit dan keparah penyakit tertinggi terjadi pada perlakuan Ganoderma isolat II. The stem rot (Ganoderma sp.) is the main disease faced by oil palm plantations in Indonesia. There are many factors that can affect the growth and development of stem rot in the different region. This study aims to study the virulence of two isolates of Ganoderma sp. originating from different regions in the absence of other factors in oil palm tissue culture in vitro. This study used a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design with 3 inoculation treatments, such as isolates I and II of Ganoderma sp., and Control. The results showed that there were differences in virulence power of the two Ganoderma sp. isolates, where the highest incidence of disease and severity of disease occurred in the treatment of isolates II of Ganoderma sp.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kombinasi Pseudomonad Flouresen Dan Em4 Dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Blood Disease Bacteria (Bdb) Penyebab Penyakit Darah Tanaman Pisang Secara In Vitro

BioScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Maemunah Maemunah
Keyword(s):  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Blood Disease ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Paper Disc ◽  
Range Test

Blood Disease Bacteria is one obstacle in cultivation of bananas. BDB can be controlled using biological agents. Biological agents that can be used to control of blood diseases are Pseudomonad fluorescent and microorganisms in EM4. Pseudomonad fluorescent used as biological agents because of its ability to produce antimicrobial compounds such as siderophores, antibiotics, volatile and cyanide. other than that, the EM4 microorganisms can produce antimicrobial against several bacterial pathogens. This study aims to determine the effect of combination Pseudomonad fluorescent and EM4 to inhibit the growth of BDB in vitro. This research was conducted in January 2016 in the Laboratory of Microbiology Department of Biology FMIPA UNP. Research using a completely randomized design (RAL) with 6 treatments and 3 replications. The study treatment is a combination of Pseudomonads fluorescent and EM4. The observation was done by measuring the clear zone formed around the paper disc. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the test of Duncan New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at 5% level. The research proves that the combination resulted in inhibition zone around the paper disc. Inhibition zone shows that the combination inhibits the growth of BDB in vitro. Inhibition zone is formed as fluorescent Pseudomonads and microbes on EM4 produce secondary metabolites that can inhibit the growth of BDB.Key Word: Pseudomonad flourecent, BDB, EM4

Aktivitas Antifungi Air Perasan Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Terhadap Candida albicans Secara In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nurhasanah Nurhasanah ◽  
Fauzia Andrini ◽  
Yulis Hamidy
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) has been known as traditional medicine. Shallot which has same genus with garlic(Allium sativum L.) contains allicin that is also found in garlic and has been suspected has fungicidal activity toCandida albicans. It is supported by several researches. Therefore, shallot is suspected has antifungal activity too.The aim of this research was to know antifungal activity of shallot’s water extortion againsts Candida albicans invitro. This was a laboratory experimental research which used completely randomized design, with diffusion method.Shallot’s water extortion was devided into three concentrations, there were 50%, 100% and 200%. Ketoconazole 2%was positive control and aquadest was negative control. The result of this research based on analysis of varians(Anova), there was significant difference between several treatments and was confirmed with Duncan New MultipleRange Test (DNMRT) p<0,05, there was significant difference between 100% shallot’s water extortion with othertreatments, but there was no significant difference between 50% shallot’s water extortion with 200% shallot’s. Theconclusion was shallot’s water extortion had antifungal activity againsts Candida albicans with the best concentration100%, but it was lower than ketoconazole 2%.

Pertumbuhan Dan Perkembangan Anggrek Dendrobium anosmum Pada Media Kultur In Vitro Dengan Beberapa Konsentrasi Air Kelapa

Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tuhuteru ◽  
Meity L Hehanussa ◽  
Simon H.T Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Dendrobium anosmum is one of natural orchids in Indonesia. Optimization of medium composition for orchid propagation through in vitro culture is necessary to enhance propagule multiplication capabilities and quality. This study was aimed to study the influence of concentration of coconut water in culture medium on in vitro growth and development of D. anosmum orchid species and to determine the optimal coconut water concentration in culture media.  The experiment were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and eight replications. The treatments consisted of the addition of coconut water with concentrations: 0 ml•l -1 (control), 50 ml•l-1, 100 ml•l-1 and 150 ml•l-1. The results showed that addition of coconut water in culture medium gave different effect on shoot growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids.  Coconut water concentration of 100 ml•l-1 was the best concentration for growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids, based on both shoots and roots growth, plantlet height and wet weight.

PERBANDINGAN DAYA HAMBAT BAKTERI Pseudomonas fluorescens ASAL TOMAT, KEDELAI, DAN JAGUNG TERHADAP Ralstonia solanacearum SECARA IN VITRO

Agrotek ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aco Roni Kirihio ◽  
Ivonne Fitria Mariay ◽  
Cipta Meliala
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

<em>Inhibition of Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates the origin of tomato, soybean and corn against Ralstonia solanacearum tested using a completely randomized design (CRD).        P. fluorescens growth was measured at King's B medium by way of suspension antagonist put on filter paper of 0.5 cm in diameter. Inhibition of P. fluorescens is done by placing the antagonist suspension of 0.5 cm diameter filter paper on NA media that has been deployed R. solanacearum. The results showed that: (a) the growth of P. fluorescens origin of tomato, soybean and corn on King's B media were not significantly different, (b) the inhibition of P. fluorescens isolates against R. solanacearum not significantly different and, (c) the inhibition of isolates P. fluorescens origin of tomato, soybean and corn against R. solanacearum in vitro relatively strong</em>

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