Tuberculosis as a socially significant disease. The organization of medical care for patients with tuberculosis in Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District – Ugra

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
E. A. Krivykh ◽  
E. A. Revyakin ◽  
M. V. Malkhasyan
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Autonomous District ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Target Indicator ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Therapeutic Measures

Introduction. In the world (and in the Russian Federation) the situation caused by the increase in the number of socially significant diseases continues to be quite tense. The most important in this group is tuberculosis, which causes significant damage to society, due to the loss of temporary and permanent disability, an increase in the number of disabled people and destabilization of the demographic situation in the country. In this regard, an integrated approach to the implementation of therapeutic and preventive measures in patients suffering from tuberculous lesions is a priority in addressing the spread of this pathology. Purpose of the study. Analysis of data on the epidemiological situation, morbidity, prevalence, mortality, prevention and treatment of tuberculosis patients in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District – Ugra in 2017, comparing the figures for the first half of 2017 and 2018. Materials and methods. To assess the parameters characterizing the organization of early diagnosis of tuberculosis, hospitalization of patients of the relevant cohort of the population, the effectiveness of therapeutic measures taken, the quality of preventive measures among the population of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District – Ugra, the data of annual reports of relevant medical organizations for 2017–2018 are used. Results. In 2017, the coverage of examinations for tuberculosis of the population with the use of all survey methods amounted to 78,6%, while the target indicator of the state program «Health Development 2014–2020» was 78,0%. The number of patients effectively treated at the studied stages was more than 50% of cases for each. Conclusion. In the Autonomous District – Ugra, the work of all services and institutions for the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis is recognized as systematic and effective according to the results of events held.

scholarly journals STUDY OF APPROACHES TO IMPROVING DENTAL HEALTH OF DONETSK REGION RESIDENTS ON THE BASIS OF SELECTIVE ANALYSIS OF ORAL CAVITY DISEASES

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
S.O. Turchenenko ◽  
S.P. Yarova ◽  
O.P. Reva ◽  
Yu. Yu. Yarov ◽  
A. A. Komlev
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
Number Of Patients

The need to improve the dental health of the population does not lose its relevance and remains an unresolved medical, economic and social problem, with the need to find new approaches to the provision of dental care.The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of preventive measures and public awareness of the course and consequences of dental pathology in order to improve dental health.To achieve this goal, the data of the annual reports of municipal dental services of Donetsk region were analyzed and a survey with additional functional (electromyography and digital analysis of occlusion) examination of the dental status of 200 people was conducted.Thus, in 2018, the number of primary visitors to therapeutic departments within the region included 718097 people. Patients who underwent primary preventive measures included: hygienic training and education, individual choice of prevention only 21.09% of the total number of people.Within the survey, 82.5 % did not understand the dependence of hygiene and carious processes, 75.5% had no information about the need for quality restoration of the anatomy of the dentition, and 21.5 % did not understand the need to replace the final defects of the dentition. It has been found some reflection of these facts in the analysis of annual reports. Thus, the percentage of filled teeth due to caries or its complications to removed teeth, for the same reasons, was 46.46 %. A similar result in 46.58 % was the number of patients who applied after the removal of teeth to the orthopedic department in order to restore the integrity of the dentition (removable, conditionally removable, non-removable structures). But in addition to the lack of full restoration of the dentition, it was found that the ratio of total filled teeth to cement fillings was 44.5 percent of all filled teeth due to both caries and its complications. 44.5 % was the restoration of lost tooth tissues using cements (zinc phosphate and SIC). Due to the impossibility of restoring quality anatomy, and as a result of the function of the tooth, such a percentage does not meet the needs of today in understanding quality dental services.Based on the results of the analysis of the study data, we concluded that patients are poorly informed about their condition, variations in their treatment and the consequences of lack of comprehensive treatment, the causes and consequences of certain dental conditions and prevention. The results of our surveys and diagnostic tests revealed the need for modern and objectively motivated approach to diagnosis and informing patients about their condition, which leads to a better understanding of the cause-and-effect relationships and the desire for full rehabilitation.In turn, this not only improves dental health at the end of treatment, but also helps to maintain it for a long time, which in turn improves the social and economic life of the patient.

Phytotherapy and Herbal Medicines for Kidney Stones

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Esteban Emiliani ◽  
Adrian Jara ◽  
Andres Koey Kanashiro
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Phyllanthus Niruri ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Uric Acid Stones

Background: Kidney stones are one of the oldest known and common diseases in the urinary tract with a prevalence that varies from 1% to 20%. Many phytotherapic and herbal medicines for kidney stones have been described for their treatment and prevention. Objective: The objective of this study is to perform a comprehensive review of several phytotherapic and herbal medicines published including clinical and animal studies. Results: Phytotherapy may influence the risk of recurrence in calcium oxalate and uric acid stones. The most solid evidence suggest that Phyllanthus niruri is one of the most studied components that appear to interfere with the calcium oxalate crystallization, reduced hyperoxaluria and hiperuricosuria and increased shock wave lithotripsy efficacy due to reduced crystallization without significant adverse effects, also Theobromine have shown to reduce the crystallization of uric acid in patients and appears to be a promising supplement to treat such stones. Conclusion: Many phytoterapic and herbal agents have been studies to treat and present urolithiasis, most of them only with studies of small number of patients or in animal models. Further randomized clinical trials are needed to evaluate the effect of these agents in kidney stones.

A Critical Review on Madhumeha (Diabetes Mellitus) with its Preventive Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anagha Gosavi ◽  
Ram V. Ramekar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Appropriate Use ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Therapeutic Measures

Prameha is disease of Mutravaha Srotasa having Kapha dominancy which can be correlated with diabetes mellitus. The term diabetes mellitus describes a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Madhumeha is considered as a subtype under the Vatika type of Prameha and it is characterized by passage of urine with sweet taste like honey along with sweetness of whole body. With appropriate use of Ayurvedic preventive measures such as Dincharya, Ritucharya, Aharvidhi and therapeutic measures Madhumeha (DM) can be prevented.

scholarly journals Reexpansion pulmonary edema

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Henrique Genofre ◽  
Francisco S. Vargas ◽  
Lisete R. Teixeira ◽  
Marcelo Alexandre Costa Vaz ◽  
Evaldo Marchi
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Pulmonary Surfactant ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Patient Handling ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Reexpansion Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Reexpansion pulmonary edema (RPE) is a rare, but frequently lethal, clinical condition. The precise pathophysiologic abnormalities associated with this disorder are still unknown, though decreased pulmonary surfactant levels and a pro-inflammatory status are putative mechanisms. Early diagnosis is crucial, since prognosis depends on early recognition and prompt treatment. Considering the high mortality rates related to RPE, preventive measures are still the best available strategy for patient handling. This review provides a brief overview of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of RPE, with practical recommendations for adequate intervention.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES ON THE PHYSICAL INDICATORS OF ORAL LIQUID IN CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC CATARRHIC GINGIVITIS AND DIABETES MELLITUS

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
L.F. Kaskova ◽  
V.A. Honcharenko
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
Oral Liquid ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Complex Drug

The aim of our study was to find out the effect of our proposed treatment and prevention complex, which included oral administration of «Kvertulin» complex drug, «Imupret» drops, «Pikovit» multivitamin drug and «Exodent» local irrigation of the oral cavity with a solution of tooth elixir that influence on the rate of salivation and viscosity of oral fluid in children with chronic catarrhal gingivitis and diabetes mellitus.The treatment and prophylactic measures had positive effect on the homeostasis of the oral cavity, which assisted to reduce the viscosity of the oral fluid, increase the rate of salivation, as evidenced by observation of patients for 6 months. The treatment and prevention complex are recommended to use 2 times a year, as the studied indicators deteriorate over time.

scholarly journals POST-INFLATED GLENOHUMERAL PAIN

2019 ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
T. M. Muratova ◽  
D. M. Khramtsov ◽  
S. A. Kotov
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Joint ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Complete Control ◽  
Number Of Patients

The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of post-storoke glenohumeral pain and the effectiveness of its diagnosis and treatment in a university clinic. It was shown that pain in the shoulder joint of the parectic limb is recorded in 28.3% of inpatients and 20.3% during the first weeks after discharge. At controlled visits 3 and 6 months later, in 61.5% of cases, satisfactory clinical effects were achieved by reducing the intensity of pain to 1.8 ± 0.1 scores, and in the rest of the patients to achieve complete control of the pain. It was established that the use of preventive measures can reduce the number of patients with post-venous glomerular syndrome, moral pain.

scholarly journals Approaches to treatment and prevention of diaper dermatitis

2018 ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
N. M. Sharova
Keyword(s):  
Topical Application ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Diaper Dermatitis ◽  
Skin Structure ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Structure And Functions

The article deals with the features of skin structure and functions in infants and the causes of diaper dermatitis. It determined the priority of preventive measures and the choice of optimal agents for topical application that meet international standards. The requirements for topical agents used in infants for prevention of DD are described in detail, according to the international opinion of the experts group. 

scholarly journals Distribution of trichostrongylosis of geese on the territory of Poltava region

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (97) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
V. О. Yevstafieva ◽  
Y. S. Starodub
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Invasive Diseases ◽  
Trichostrongylus Tenuis ◽  
Poultry Farming

Successful development of poultry farming can be achieved not only as a result of the creation of highly productive new breeds of geese, the improvement of diets for nutrients, but also in the conditions of stable epizootic well-being of infectious and invasive diseases. Parasitic diseases of domestic waterfowl account for a large proportion of other diseases and cause significant damage to geese farming. Among helminthiases of geese, infections caused by nematodes parasitizing in the gastrointestinal tract of birds, in particular Trichostrongylus tenuis, are quite common. The aim of this study was to study the distribution of trichostrongylosis among populations of domestic geese in the territory of Poltava region, Ukraine (Velyka Bahachka, Hlobyne, Hrebinka, Zinkiv, Karlivka, Poltava, Myrhorod, Shyshaky districts). The conducted scatoscopical studies showed that the average extensity and intensity of trichostrongylosic infestation was respectively 22.9 % and 89.7 ± 8.2 eggs per 1 g of poultry feces. Invasiveness in the region studied ranged from 17.2 to 26.7 % and from 20 to 380 eggs per 1 g of feces. At the same time, it was found out that the degree of affliction of domestic geese by the agent of trichostrongylosis in farms with different capacity and technology of keeping was significantly different. In individual farms and farms, the extensity and intensity of the invasion of geese is higher (24.4 % and 97.7 ± 10.7 eggs per 1 g of feces) than in the specialized geese farms (16.1 % and 70.3 ± 15.1 eggs in 1 g of feces). It has been found that goose trichostrongylosis is more frequently present in the mixinvasions of the digestive canal of the bird along with protosooses and nematodoses. Extensity of mixinvasions reaches 18.1 %, which is 78.9 % of the total number of patients at geese trichostrongylosis. Extensity of trichostrongylosic mono-invasion was 4.8 % (21.1 % of the total invasion of T. tenuis birds). The results of the conducted studies lead to a further, deeper study of the issues of epizootic features of trichostrongylosis of geese, taking into account the seasonal and age dynamics of invasion, as well as the effectiveness of therapeutic and preventive measures.

scholarly journals Therapeutic guidelines for the treatment of cystic fibrosis

Pharmacia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-154
Author(s):  
Maria Becheva ◽  
Petar Atanasov
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Disease ◽  
Clinical Evaluations ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Therapeutic Guidelines ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
One Year ◽  
Respiratory Rehabilitation

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a complex, systemic autosomal recessive disease that affects the functions of the respiratory system, the digestive tract and all exocrine glands. The frequency for Europe averages 1: 2500 to 1: 3500 live births. The total number of patients with cystic fibrosis in Bulgaria is about 180. About 10% of the patients are diagnosed at birth. About 60–70% of patients are diagnosed before they reach one year of age. Respiratory symptoms predominate in the clinical picture in patients with cystic fibrosis and determine the prognosis in more than 90% of the patients. The treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis is strictly individualized, pharmacological and non-pharmacological and requires a comprehensive therapeutic approach. The complex therapy also includes bronchodilators, NSAIDs, corticosteroids, respiratory rehabilitation in combination with general body massage. Continued courses of broad-spectrum antibiotics are required to suppress chronic infection. With the progression of the disease, complications such as atelectasis, pneumothorax and pulmonary hemorrhages are observed. The establishment of specialized centers with trained and experienced professionals is essential in order to provide optimal patient care. These include frequent clinical evaluations, follow-up of complications, and early interventions for the treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis. The aim of the article is to familiarize the audience with the therapeutic measures applied in the treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis.

ON THE NEED FOR A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO THE STUDY AND ASSESSMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL ACTIVITIES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.E. Stepanova ◽  
◽  
E.L. Poteryaeva ◽  
V.N. Semenova
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Special Assessment

Abstract. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the need for an integrated approach to the study and assessment of the labor and health of teachers (using the example of teachers of educational institutions) based on the analysis of literature data and the results of their own sociological, hygienic, clinical, physiological, psychological and statistical research methods. Analysis of literature data, regulatory legal acts on the protection of the health of Russians indicates a different degree of attention to the participants in the educational process, about a certain «preponderance» in favor of the health of students in comparison with care for the health of teachers. It shows the presence of changes in the physical and mental health of teachers, some features of their formation, depending on the teaching experience, seniority, age. When analyzing the information, one-sidedness, fragmentation of studies, and inadequacy of preventive measures are revealed. Health-forming and health-preserving activities are mainly related to students. The conducted studies dictate the need to increase attention to the health and work of teachers based on the implementation of an integrated approach, as well as the need to change / clarify the legal regulation of pedagogical activity when conducting a special assessment of working conditions and when organizing medical care.

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