Effect of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Delonix regia Sawdust on Rheological and Filtration Properties of Water Based Drilling Fluid

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odion Uvo-Oise Imohiosen ◽  
Sarah Abidemi Akintola
Keyword(s):  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Delonix Regia ◽  
Filtration Properties

Abstract Over the past years, there has been an increase in the importation of Sodium Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), an important drilling mud polymer additive, in the Nigerian oil and gas industry. However, the ripple effects of the importation of this polymer and other oilfield chemicals on the Nigeria oil and gas industry includes rising cost of oil and gas field development, limited oil and gas industry growth, and capital flight. In order to mitigate this trend, studies on the use of local substitutes such as starch and its derivatives have gathered momentum with risk such as competition with food supply and increase in food cost. The use of sawdust wastes which offers a non-competing and a cheap source of feedstock in the production of CMC have rarely been investigated. The study therefore investigated production of CMC from sawdust waste of a highly underutilized wood (Delonix regia), after which drilling mud tests were conducted to determine the rheological and filtration properties of mud treated with the CMC products. The CMC production adopted the Williamson ether synthesis process in a slurry medium involving two main reactions of mercerization and etherification. All reaction parameters were held constant except the etherifying agent concentration. The CMC products were characterized using FTIR Spectroscopy. The synthesized carboxymethyl cellulose products yielded good filtration and rheological properties suitable for drilling fluid applications. The use of low concentrations of about 0.5g to 1.0g of the synthesized products per laboratory barrel of mud could reduce filtration volume by 11.4% to 32.9% at low temperature and pressure conditions. The synthesized CMC products obtained from this work can be used as local substitute of low viscosity foreign CMC products.

Comparative Analysis of the Rheological Behaviour of Irvingia Gabonensis Ogbono and Foreign Polymer for Bentonite Formulated Mud.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ayodele ◽  
David Ekuma ◽  
Ikechukwu Okafor ◽  
Innocent Nweze
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Rheological Behaviour ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Local Product ◽  
Irvingia Gabonensis

Abstract Drilling fluid are complex fluids consisting of several additives. These additives are added to enhance and control the rheological properties (such as viscosity, gel strength and yield point) of the mud. These properties are controlled for effective drilling of a well. This research work is focused on determining the rheological behavior of drilling mud using industry-based polymer and Irvingia Gabonensis (ogbono) as viscosifiers. Water based muds were formulated from the aforementioned locally sourced viscosifier and that of the conventional used viscosifier (Carboxylmetyl cellulose, CMC). Laboratory tests were carried out on the different muds formulated and their rheological properties (such as yield stress, shear stress, plastic viscosity and shear rate) are evaluated. The concentration of the viscosifiers were varied. The expected outcome of the research work aims at lowering the total drilling cost by reducing the importation of foreign polymer which promotes the development of local content in the oil and gas industry. The research compares the rheology of mud samples and the effect of varying the concentration (2g, 4g, 6g, 8g, and 10g) of both CMC and Ogbono and determining the changes in their rheological properties. The total volume of each mud sample is equivalent to 350ml which represent one barrel (42gal) in the lab. From the result, at concentration of 2g, the ogbono mud has a better rheology than the CMC mud, but at a concentration above 2g, CMC mud shows a better rheology than ogbono mud, that is, as the concentration of CMC is increased, the rheological properties of the mud increased while as the concentration of ogbono is increased the rheological properties decreased. The viscosity of the drilling fluid produced from the ogbono were lower than that of CMC, it could be used together with another local product such as cassava starch, offor or to further improve the rheology and then be a substitute to the conventional viscosifiers.

Green Fluid Technology: How Food Wastes Can Revolutionize the Oil and Gas Industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abo Taleb Tuama Al-Hameedi ◽  
Husam Hasan Alkinani ◽  
Shari Dunn-Norman
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Food Wastes ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Personnel Safety ◽  
Exposure Risks

Abstract Some conventional drilling fluid additives utilized to adjust drilling fluid properties can lead to many issues related to personnel safety and the environment. Thus, there is a need for alternative materials that have less impact on personnel safety and the environment. Many researchers have begun to investigate new alternatives, one example is food wastes. Due to their eco-friendly properties and their vast availability, food wastes are a good candidate that can be exploited as drilling fluid additives. In this work, five different concentrations of eggshells powder (ESP) were added to a reference fluid and the mud weight was measured using mud balance to understand the effects of ESP on mud weight. The results were compared with five concentrations of two commonly used drilling fluid additives - calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and barite. The findings showed that the drilling fluid blends with ESP have significantly outperformed the drilling fluid blends with barite and CaCO3 and for all concentrations in terms of mud weight improvement. The second best blends in terms of mud weight enhancement were the blends with barite and followed by the blends CaCO3. In conclusion, food waste material - ESP outperforming two of the most common drilling fluid additives shows a potential for ESP and other food wastes to be utilized as drilling mud additives in the petroleum industry. This will reduce the harmful chemicals disposed to the environment, reduce exposure risks of drilling crews to harmful chemicals, minimize drilling fluid cost, and revolutionize the industry while contributing to the economy overall.

scholarly journals Optimization of Silver Nanoparticle Separation Method from Drilling Waste Matrices

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1950
Author(s):  
Monika Gajec ◽  
Ewa Kukulska-Zając ◽  
Anna Król
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Drilling Waste ◽  
Wastewater Samples

Significant amounts of produced water, spent drilling fluid, and drill cuttings, which differ in composition and characteristics in each drilling operation, are generated in the oil and gas industry. Moreover, the oil and gas industry faces many technological development challenges to guarantee a safe and clean environment and to meet strict environmental standards in the field of processing and disposal of drilling waste. Due to increasing application of nanomaterials in the oil and gas industry, drilling wastes may also contain nanometer-scale materials. It is therefore necessary to characterize drilling waste in terms of nanomaterial content and to optimize effective methods for their determination, including a key separation step. The purpose of this study is to select the appropriate method of separation and pre-concentration of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from drilling wastewater samples and to determine their size distribution along with the state of aggregation using single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS). Two AgNP separation methods were compared: centrifugation and cloud point extraction. The first known use of spICP-MS for drilling waste matrices following mentioned separation methods is presented.

ENVIRONMENTAL DRILLING SOLUTIONS ON THE POLYMERIC BASIS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Flik ◽  
◽  
Y.E. Kolodyazhnaya
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Fluid Systems ◽  
Water Based

The article assesses the environmental safety of drilling fluids that are currently widely used in the oil and gas industry. It shows active development of water-based drilling fluid systems using xanthan biopolymer.

scholarly journals Tropical Tannin for Engineering Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Nor Adzwa Binti Rosli ◽  
Wan Asma Ibrahim ◽  
Zulkafli Hassan ◽  
Azizul Helmi Bin Sofian
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Mercury Removal ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Application Industry ◽  
New Compounds

In this study, some approaches have been proposed to establish an alternative and option of brand-new compounds by using green sources that can minimize the environmental threat in the engineering application industry. Tannin, a chemical component extracted from plant origin, has the potential to bind with proteins and other polymers. The description of tannin can be amplified to cover a complete mass of constituents which give typical phenolic reactions, and hence, it has the properties to interact with the aqueous solution. The potential of tannin to associate allows its usability in the oil and gas industry. The aim of this review in this particular context will be emphasized the use of tannin in the implementation of drilling fluid, mercury removal, wastewater treatment, and corrosion inhibitor.

scholarly journals Rheological evaluation of local clay samples in central region Ghana for oil well drilling fluid formulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Foster Gomado ◽  
Forson Kobina ◽  
Augustus Owusu Boadi ◽  
Yussif Moro Awelisah
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Local Clay ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Local Content ◽  
Oil And Gas Operations ◽  
Drilling Muds ◽  
Local Materials

The superb rheological features of bentonites makes them an excellent candidate in drilling operations. Its capacity of bentonite to swell and extend to a few times its unique volume gives it the gelling and viscosity controlling quality. The execution of clay or specifical bentonite as a great consistency controlling operator in drilling fluids largely depends on the great extent of its rheological conduct. Ghana as of late found oil and it has tossed a test to research to explore the utilization of local materials in the oil and gas operations. A rheological study was conducted on local clay samples from Ajumako, Saltpond and Winneba in the Central district of Ghana as a viscosifier in drilling muds. This will help to improve the local content of Ghana's oil and gas industry. Drilling muds were prepared from the samples in addition to a control mud using imported non-treated bentonite. The local clay samples were subjected rheological test where the flow behavior of the muds was determined by measuring the gel strength, plastic viscosity, and the yield point. The experimental values were compared to the API standards. It was revealed that the local clay had some potential features of bentonite and could be utilized as controlling operators in drilling fluids provided the clays are beneficiated to enhance their rheological properties. This novel tend to improve the local content in oil and gas industry in Ghana through the deployment of the local materials in oil and gas operations in the nation.

Characterization of barite reserves in Nigeria for use as weighting agent in drilling fluid

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2157-2178
Author(s):  
David Oluwasegun Afolayan ◽  
Adelana Rasak Adetunji ◽  
Azikiwe Peter Onwualu ◽  
Oghenerume Ogolo ◽  
Richard Kwasi Amankwah
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
American Petroleum Institute ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Cu Content ◽  
Hardness Scale ◽  
Drilling Operations

AbstractSuccessful drilling operations are dependent on the properties of the drilling fluid used to drill wells. Barite is used as a weighting agent during the preparation of drilling fluid. Over the years, oil and gas industry in Nigeria has been depending mainly on imported barite for drilling operations, whereas the country has huge deposits of barite. There is the need to assess the properties of the locally sourced barite for their suitability in drilling fluid formulation. This study presents the local processing methods of barite and examines the crude and on-the-site processed barite’s physio-chemical properties. These parameters were compared with American Petroleum Institute and Department of Petroleum Resources standards. XRD results show that on-the-site beneficiated barite has 87.79% BaSO4, 6.66% silica, 0.03% total soluble salt, 1.39% Fe2O3, and 1.603% heavy metals. Chemical analysis indicated that the pH, moisture content, metallic content such as Ca, Pb, Zn, Mg, Cu, and Cd minerals, and extractable carbonates were within the standard specified for usage as a drilling fluid weighting agent. The analysed crude barite samples were basic, within the pH of 8.3 and 8.6. Locally processed barite has lower Fe, Pb, Cd, and Cu content compared to industrially accepted barite. The specific gravity increased from 4.02 ± 0.07 to 4.15 ± 0.13, and the hardness reduced potentially from 5 Mohr to 3.5 Mohr on the hardness scale. The amount of impurities was sufficiently low, and the specific gravity of the samples improved to meet the needs of any drilling operation and compare favourably with industrially accepted barite.

scholarly journals Dynamic Analysis and Vibration of Beam Inside Annulus for Ultra Short-Radius Water Jet Drilling

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Pervez ◽  
SA Al-Hiddabi ◽  
A Al-Yahmadi ◽  
AC Seibi
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Closed Form Solution ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Form Solution ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Horizontal Drilling ◽  
Thrust Forces

Conventional water-jet nozzle systems have been developed and partially used in the oil and gas industry to drill horizontal sidetracks. However, this technique still presents a few shortcomings associated with tube buckling and water jet sagging. Due to these problems, the drilled hole deviates from the desired path and does not reach the target reservoir. The issue becomes more complex due to the continuously moving boundaries representing the borehole profile, which is, in turn, governed by the nozzle dynamics. A mathematical model representing the dynamics of water jet drilling confined in a borehole along with drilling mud is developed to predict the sagging phenomenon during the drilling process. The closed form solution of the governing equation is obtained for horizontal drilling in shallow formation layers. The solution shows the strong influence of nozzle vibration and the magnitude of thrust force at the nozzle tip on the profile and the diameter of drilled hole. For sidetrack drilling of greater than 400 m length, the magnitude of sagging is large enough to miss the target reservoir. Furthermore, the dril string buckles at certain magnitudes of thrust forces and penetration lengths.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Performance of Conventional Water-Based Mud Characteristics by Applying Zinc Oxide and Silica Dioxide Nanoparticle Materials for a Selected Well in the Kurdistan/Iraq Oil Field

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ahmed R. AlBajalan ◽  
Hunar K. Haias
Keyword(s):  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Silica Dioxide ◽  
Conventional Drilling

Nanomaterials have gained a wide interest in the oil and gas industry due to their immense applicability. Nanomaterials are being used to formulate a new generation of drilling mud known as Nanomud or Smart mud, where it has the ability to improve mud properties and eliminate borehole problems. Using nanoparticles as an additive agent in conventional drilling mud can lead to a more efficient drilling process in troublesome formations. In this study, several conventional water-based muds from a selected well drilled in the Kurdistan/Iraq oil field have been prepared. Then, nanodrilling muds were formulated by dispersing SiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles in concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 1 wt.% to conventional water-based mud (WBM). This study aims to evaluate and compare the performance of conventional water-based muds after adding SiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles. This evaluation was performed by carrying out a series of laboratory experiments to determine the rheological and mud filtrate properties. The results demonstrated that nanomuds improved the rheological behaviors and provided better filtration control compared to conventional drilling muds. However, there was little or no impact of the nanomaterials on the mud density for all mud systems.

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