scholarly journals Resistant gastric environment of Lactobacillus crispatus from stomach inhibits Helicobacter pylori colonization and attenuates gastric inflammation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Wang ◽  
Fang-yuan Mao ◽  
Wei-wei Huang ◽  
Hui Kong ◽  
Yun Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Bile Salt ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Gastric Tissue ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Bile Salt Concentration ◽  
Adhesion Rate ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Background Recent studies have shown that gastric-derived Lactobacillus can inhibit the colonization of H. pylori and attenuate gastric inflammation in conventional animals, but the resistant of Lactobacillus to gastric environment is still unknown. Here, we aimed to screen the candidate Lactobacillus that could adapt to the harsh gastric environment and inhibit the colonization of H. pylori. Results In vitro, the growth rate of seven Lactobacillus strains in different pH and bile salt concentration were tested, the size of inhibition zone and adhesion rate of H. pylori when Lactobacillus exist were measured. In gnotobiotic mice models, we examined the amount of colonization of L. crispatus and H. pylori by qRT-PCR and evaluated the inflammation in the gastric tissue by the content of MPO and H&E stain. In vitro experiments showed L. crispatus had a better growth rate than other six Lactobacilluses in pH 2.5 to 4.5; under the 0.2% bile salt concentration, other bacteria did not grow except for L. crispatus; L. crispatus yielded 24.2 mm of mean inhibitory zone diameters; the adhesion rate of H. pylori only reached 41.3% in H. pylori-L. crispatus group(HLG). In vivo, the amount of colonization of H. pylori in HLG is fifteen times less than that in H. pylori group (HG) (p < 0.05); the MPO value of HG was 1.4 times that of HLG; the gastric tissue inflammation of HLG was obviously lighter than HG. L. crispatus may be an adjunctive therapy for treating H. pylori- associated disease in clinic. Conclusions L. crispatus has resistance to low acid and high bile salts environment and it inhibits the growth of H. pylori and the subsequent inflammation H. pylori caused in gnotobiotic Kunming mice model, which suggest the potential of developing L. crispatus as clinical agents.

Vitamin K2 colonic and ileal in vivo absorption: bile, fatty acids, and pH effects on transport.

1977 ◽  
Vol 233 (2) ◽  
pp. E124 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Hollander ◽  
E Rim ◽  
P E Ruble
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Bile Salt ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Vitamin K2 ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽  
Bile Salt Concentration

Colonic and ileal absorption of vitamin K2 ([2-methyl-3H]menaquinone-9) was investigated in the conscious rat. When the absorption rate was plotted against the perfusate concentration, a linear relationship was found between these two parameters in the ileum and colon. The absorption rate of menaquinone by the ileum was increased as the bile salt concentration, degree of unsaturation of the added long-chain fatty acids, hydrogen ion concentration, and perfusate flow rates were increased. Colonic menaquinone absorption decreased as the bile salt concentration was increased. Menaquinone colonic absoprtion increased as the pH decreased, but no change was noted as the perfusion rate was increased. The present experimental observations in vivo, coupled with prior observations in vitro, indicate that absorption of menaquinone by the ileum and colon occurs by a passive diffusion process that is modified by variations in the perfusate bile salt concentration, the presence of unsaturated fatty acids, and the perfusate pH. The present observations indicate that the mammalian colon and terminal ileum can provide a constant source of vitamin K to aid hemostasis despite episodic lack of dietary vitamin K.

scholarly journals Uji Potensi Perlekatan Bakteri Asam Laktat Isolat TLA-15 Dan TLA-20 Pada Sel Epitel Usus Tikus (Rattus norvegicus)

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernanin Dyah Wijayanti ◽  
Tri Ardyati
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Bile Salt ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Bile Salt Concentration ◽  
Probiotic Potential ◽  
Potential Test

In Vitro probiotic potential test that had been conducted before, which consist of probiotic bacteria test  resistance toward the gastro-intestinal track pH and the bile salt concentration shows that the strain bacteria TLA-15 and TLA-20 had potential as probiotic bacteria. An advance test are required to fullfill the requirement as the probiotic bacteria. So that, the objective of this research are to study the viability of lactic acid bacteria strain TLA-15 and TLA-20 at the Rattus norvegicus GI track. At the first step of this research was added 4 106 cell/ml lactic acid bacteria TLA-15 and TLA-20 given orally.

Vacuoles Induced in Mammalian Cells by Helicobacter Cytotoxin are Acidic Organelles

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
M. H. Chestnut ◽  
C. E. Catrenich
Keyword(s):  
Acridine Orange ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Gastroduodenal Disease ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori is a non-invasive, Gram-negative spiral bacterium first identified in 1983, and subsequently implicated in the pathogenesis of gastroduodenal disease including gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. Cytotoxic activity, manifested by intracytoplasmic vacuolation of mammalian cells in vitro, was identified in 55% of H. pylori strains examined. The vacuoles increase in number and size during extended incubation, resulting in vacuolar and cellular degeneration after 24 h to 48 h. Vacuolation of gastric epithelial cells is also observed in vivo during infection by H. pylori. A high molecular weight, heat labile protein is believed to be responsible for vacuolation and to significantly contribute to the development of gastroduodenal disease in humans. The mechanism by which the cytotoxin exerts its effect is unknown, as is the intracellular origin of the vacuolar membrane and contents. Acridine orange is a membrane-permeant weak base that initially accumulates in low-pH compartments. We have used acridine orange accumulation in conjunction with confocal laser scanning microscopy of toxin-treated cells to begin probing the nature and origin of these vacuoles.

Self-diffusion study of bile salt-monoolein micelles determination of the intermicellar bile salt concentration

1983 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 315-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Lindheimer ◽  
Jean-Claude Montet ◽  
Roselyne Bontemps ◽  
Jacques Rouviere ◽  
Bernard Brun
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Diffusion Study ◽  
Bile Salt Concentration ◽  
Self Diffusion

scholarly journals Probiotic and Functional Properties of Limosilactobacillus reuteri INIA P572

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1860
Author(s):  
Patricia Diez-Echave ◽  
Izaskun Martín-Cabrejas ◽  
José Garrido-Mesa ◽  
Susana Langa ◽  
Teresa Vezza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Gastrointestinal Conditions

Limosilactobacillus reuteri INIA P572 is a strain able to produce the antimicrobial compound reuterin in dairy products, exhibiting a protective effect against some food-borne pathogens. In this study, we investigated some probiotic properties of this strain such as resistance to gastrointestinal passage or to colonic conditions, reuterin production in a colonic environment, and immunomodulatory activity, using different in vitro and in vivo models. The results showed a high resistance of this strain to gastrointestinal conditions, as well as capacity to grow and produce reuterin in a human colonic model. Although the in vitro assays using the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line did not demonstrate direct immunomodulatory properties, the in vivo assays using a Dextran Sulphate Sodium (DSS)-induced colitic mice model showed clear immunomodulatory and protective effects of this strain.

scholarly journals Inhibition of RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis by Novel Mutant RANKL

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 434
Author(s):  
Yuria Jang ◽  
Hong Moon Sohn ◽  
Young Jong Ko ◽  
Hoon Hyun ◽  
Wonbong Lim
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Osteoclast Differentiation ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Gsk 3Β ◽  
Rank Signaling

Background: Recently, it was reported that leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 4 (LGR4, also called GPR48) is another receptor for RANKL and was shown to compete with RANK to bind RANKL and suppress canonical RANK signaling during osteoclast differentiation. The critical role of the protein triad RANK–RANKL in osteoclastogenesis has made their binding an important target for the development of drugs against osteoporosis. In this study, point-mutations were introduced in the RANKL protein based on the crystal structure of the RANKL complex and its counterpart receptor RANK, and we investigated whether LGR4 signaling in the absence of the RANK signal could lead to the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis.; Methods: The effects of point-mutated RANKL (mRANKL-MT) on osteoclastogenesis were assessed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), resorption pit formation, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), western blot, NFATc1 nuclear translocation, micro-CT and histomorphological assay in wild type RANKL (mRANKL-WT)-induced in vitro and in vivo experimental mice model. Results: As a proof of concept, treatment with the mutant RANKL led to the stimulation of GSK-3β phosphorylation, as well as the inhibition of NFATc1 translocation, mRNA expression of TRAP and OSCAR, TRAP activity, and bone resorption, in RANKL-induced mouse models; and Conclusions: The results of our study demonstrate that the mutant RANKL can be used as a therapeutic agent for osteoporosis by inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis via comparative inhibition of RANKL. Moreover, the mutant RANKL was found to lack the toxic side effects of most osteoporosis treatments.

scholarly journals LINGO-1 shRNA protects the brain against ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and JAK2/STAT3

Human Cell ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaying Zhu ◽  
Zhu Zhu ◽  
Yipin Ren ◽  
Yukang Dong ◽  
Yaqi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Down Regulation

AbstractLINGO-1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia. However, its biological function and underlying molecular mechanism in cerebral ischemia remain to be further defined. In our study, middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MACO/R) mice model and HT22 cell oxygen–glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) were established to simulate the pathological process of cerebral ischemia in vivo and in vitro and to detect the relevant mechanism. We found that LINGO-1 mRNA and protein were upregulated in mice and cell models. Down-regulation LINGO-1 improved the neurological symptoms and reduced pathological changes and the infarct size of the mice after MACO/R. In addition, LINGO-1 interference alleviated apoptosis and promoted cell proliferation in HT22 of OGD/R. Moreover, down-regulation of LINGO-1 proved to inhibit nuclear translocation of p-NF-κB and reduce the expression level of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3. In conclusion, our data suggest that shLINGO-1 attenuated ischemic injury by negatively regulating NF-KB and JAK2/STAT3 pathways, highlighting a novel therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.

scholarly journals Halofuginone functions as a therapeutic drug for chronic periodontitis in a mouse model

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 205873842097489
Author(s):  
Jiang Wang ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Xin Lv ◽  
Yingjie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
T Helper 17 ◽  
Th17 Cell Differentiation ◽  
Tnf Α

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by host immune response, resulting in a loss of periodontium and alveolar bone. Immune cells, such as T cells and macrophages, play a critical role in the periodontitis onset. Halofuginone, a natural quinazolinone alkaloid, has been shown to possess anti-fibrosis, anti-cancer, and immunomodulatory properties. However, the effect of halofuginone on periodontitis has never been reported. In this study, a ligature-induced mice model of periodontitis was applied to investigate the potential beneficial effect of halofuginone on periodontitis. We demonstrated that the administration of halofuginone significantly reduced the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) in vivo, and markedly suppressed immune cell infiltration into the infected sites. Furthermore, we also observed that halofuginone treatment blocked the T-helper 17 (Th17) cell differentiation in vivo and in vitro. We demonstrated for the first time that halofuginone alleviated the onset of periodontitis through reducing immune responses.

scholarly journals Characterization of Weissella viridescens UCO-SMC3 as a Potential Probiotic for the Skin: Its Beneficial Role in the Pathogenesis of Acne Vulgaris

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1486
Author(s):  
Marcela Espinoza-Monje ◽  
Jorge Campos ◽  
Eduardo Alvarez Villamil ◽  
Alonso Jerez ◽  
Stefania Dentice Maidana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Topical Administration ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Cutibacterium Acnes ◽  
Snail Helix Aspersa

Previously, we isolated lactic acid bacteria from the slime of the garden snail Helix aspersa Müller and selected Weissella viridescens UCO-SMC3 because of its ability to inhibit in vitro the growth of the skin-associated pathogen Cutibacterium acnes. The present study aimed to characterize the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties of W. viridescens UCO-SMC3 and to demonstrate its beneficial effect in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Our in vitro studies showed that the UCO-SMC3 strain resists adverse gastrointestinal conditions, inhibits the growth of clinical isolates of C. acnes, and reduces the adhesion of the pathogen to keratinocytes. Furthermore, in vivo studies in a mice model of C. acnes infection demonstrated that W. viridescens UCO-SMC3 beneficially modulates the immune response against the skin pathogen. Both the oral and topical administration of the UCO-SCM3 strain was capable of reducing the replication of C. acnes in skin lesions and beneficially modulating the inflammatory response. Of note, orally administered W. viridescens UCO-SMC3 induced more remarkable changes in the immune response to C. acnes than the topical treatment. However, the topical administration of W. viridescens UCO-SMC3 was more efficient than the oral treatment to reduce pathogen bacterial loads in the skin, and effects probably related to its ability to inhibit and antagonize the adhesion of C. acnes. Furthermore, a pilot study in acne volunteers demonstrated the capacity of a facial cream containing the UCO-SMC3 strain to reduce acne lesions. The results presented here encourage further mechanistic and clinical investigations to characterize W. viridescens UCO-SMC3 as a probiotic for acne vulgaris treatment.

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