Flexible, Sensitive, Multifunctional Rubber-based Sensor with Multiple Responses to Infrared, Temperature, Humidity and Strain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongjie Zheng ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
Yunpeng Yang ◽  
Baofeng Lin ◽  
Lihua Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Strain Sensing ◽  
Human Motion Detection ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Body Temperature Change ◽  
Healthcare Monitoring ◽  
Wearable Electronic ◽  
Electronic Sensors

Abstract Flexible wearable electronic sensors have attracted immense interest in human motion detection, body temperature monitoring and personal healthcare monitoring. However, most of reported sensors cannot integrate multifunctional applications at the same time though they own excellent single achievement of strain sensing or humidity sensing. Herein, we fabricate a multifunctional rubber-based flexible sensor (MRFS) with responses to infrared, temperature, humidity and strain. The sensor owns a superior strength (5.66 MPa), high stretchability (367%), high temperature coefficient of resistance (2.046%/℃) and high photothermal conversion efficiency (78.6%). For the sensing applications, it shows a rapid sensing of only 0.5 s for the temperature and humidity changes as well as a sensitive response to low-powered near infrared of 0.14 W/cm2, body temperature change from 33.6 to 35.6 ℃, and small amount of moisture on human skin. Moreover, the MRFS shows a considerable strain sensing for human joint motion and an antibacterial property.

scholarly journals Graphene/PVA buckypaper for strain sensing application

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahsan Mehmood ◽  
N. M. Mubarak ◽  
Mohammad Khalid ◽  
Priyanka Jagadish ◽  
Rashmi Walvekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Testing Machine ◽  
Strain Range ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Gauge Factor ◽  
Strain Sensing ◽  
Tensile Testing Machine ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Human Motion Detection ◽  
Sensing Applications

AbstractStrain sensors in the form of buckypaper (BP) infiltrated with various polymers are considered a viable option for strain sensor applications such as structural health monitoring and human motion detection. Graphene has outstanding properties in terms of strength, heat and current conduction, optics, and many more. However, graphene in the form of BP has not been considered earlier for strain sensing applications. In this work, graphene-based BP infiltrated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was synthesized by vacuum filtration technique and polymer intercalation. First, Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared via treatment with sulphuric acid and nitric acid. Whereas, to obtain high-quality BP, GO was sonicated in ethanol for 20 min with sonication intensity of 60%. FTIR studies confirmed the oxygenated groups on the surface of GO while the dispersion characteristics were validated using zeta potential analysis. The nanocomposite was synthesized by varying BP and PVA concentrations. Mechanical and electrical properties were measured using a computerized tensile testing machine, two probe method, and hall effect, respectively. The electrical conducting properties of the nanocomposites decreased with increasing PVA content; likewise, electron mobility also decreased while electrical resistance increased. The optimization study reports the highest mechanical properties such as tensile strength, Young’s Modulus, and elongation at break of 200.55 MPa, 6.59 GPa, and 6.79%, respectively. Finally, electrochemical testing in a strain range of ε ~ 4% also testifies superior strain sensing properties of 60 wt% graphene BP/PVA with a demonstration of repeatability, accuracy, and preciseness for five loading and unloading cycles with a gauge factor of 1.33. Thus, results prove the usefulness of the nanocomposite for commercial and industrial applications.

scholarly journals Anisotropic, Wrinkled, and Crack-Bridging Structure for Ultrasensitive, Highly Selective Multidirectional Strain Sensors

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Zhang ◽  
Dan Liu ◽  
Jeng-Hun Lee ◽  
Haomin Chen ◽  
Eunyoung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rational Design ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Strain Sensors ◽  
Gauge Factor ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Human Motion Detection ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Anisotropic Structures

AbstractFlexible multidirectional strain sensors are crucial to accurately determining the complex strain states involved in emerging sensing applications. Although considerable efforts have been made to construct anisotropic structures for improved selective sensing capabilities, existing anisotropic sensors suffer from a trade-off between high sensitivity and high stretchability with acceptable linearity. Here, an ultrasensitive, highly selective multidirectional sensor is developed by rational design of functionally different anisotropic layers. The bilayer sensor consists of an aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) array assembled on top of a periodically wrinkled and cracked CNT–graphene oxide film. The transversely aligned CNT layer bridge the underlying longitudinal microcracks to effectively discourage their propagation even when highly stretched, leading to superior sensitivity with a gauge factor of 287.6 across a broad linear working range of up to 100% strain. The wrinkles generated through a pre-straining/releasing routine in the direction transverse to CNT alignment is responsible for exceptional selectivity of 6.3, to the benefit of accurate detection of loading directions by the multidirectional sensor. This work proposes a unique approach to leveraging the inherent merits of two cross-influential anisotropic structures to resolve the trade-off among sensitivity, selectivity, and stretchability, demonstrating promising applications in full-range, multi-axis human motion detection for wearable electronics and smart robotics.

A multifunctional and highly stretchable electronic device based on silver nanowire/wrap yarn composite for a wearable strain sensor and heater

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (43) ◽  
pp. 13468-13476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zhao ◽  
Dawei Li ◽  
Jieyu Huang ◽  
Di Wang ◽  
Alfred Mensah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Device ◽  
Strain Sensor ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Silver Nanowire ◽  
Thermal Therapy ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Human Motion Detection ◽  
Healthcare Monitoring ◽  
Highly Stretchable ◽  
Yarn Composite

Stretchable and wearable electronics, as a well-researched engineering frontier, can be applied in human motion detection, thermal therapy, personal healthcare monitoring and smart human–machine interactions.

A flexible pressure sensor based on rGO/polyaniline wrapped sponge with tunable sensitivity for human motion detection

Nanoscale ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 10033-10040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Ge ◽  
Yichen Cai ◽  
Qiuchun Dong ◽  
Yizhou Zhang ◽  
Jinjun Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Detection ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Human Motion Detection ◽  
Wearable Electronic ◽  
Flexible Pressure Sensor ◽  
The Internet Of Things

High-performance stretchable and wearable electronic skins (E-skins) with high sensitivity and a large sensing range are urgently required with the rapid development of the Internet of things and artificial intelligence.

Solvent-free fabrication of a biodegradable all-carbon paper based field effect transistor for human motion detection through strain sensing

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 3640-3646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivasulu Kanaparthi ◽  
Sushmee Badhulika
Keyword(s):  
Motion Detection ◽  
Field Effect ◽  
Field Effect Transistor ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Strain Sensors ◽  
Carbon Paper ◽  
Schematic Diagram ◽  
Strain Sensing ◽  
Human Motion Detection ◽  
Effect Transistor

(a) Schematic diagram of a fabrication method of a pencil on paper FET device; (b) image of flexible and wearable FET based strain sensors attached to the fore-finger for human motion detection; (c) strain sensing considering the resistance in stretched condition as the reference.

scholarly journals Highly flexible and stretchable optical strain sensing for human motion detection

Optica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Guo ◽  
Mengxuan Niu ◽  
Changxi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Motion Detection ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Strain Sensing ◽  
Human Motion Detection ◽  
Optical Strain

scholarly journals Flexible and Optical Fiber Sensors Composited by Graphene and PDMS for Motion Detection

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang ◽  
Sheng ◽  
Peng ◽  
Huang ◽  
Ni
Keyword(s):  
Motion Detection ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Optical Loss ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Strain Sensing ◽  
Human Motion Detection ◽  
Repeated Response

A stretchable optical sensor can quantify the strain generated by human movement, which has been widely studied in the development of health monitoring systems, human–machine interfaces and wearable devices. This paper reports a graphene-added polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fiber, which has high tensile properties and good light transmittance suitable for detecting human movement. When the graphene-added PDMS fiber is stretched, the concentration of graphene per unit volume is constant, and the sensor uses the optical loss of the beam through the graphene PDMS fiber to detect the tensile strain. The fiber has excellent strain-sensing performance, outstanding sensitivity, a tensile property of 150%, and an excellent waterproofing performance. The linear response and repeated response in large dynamic range could reach 100% stability. The results show that the sensor can be used to detect human motion detection. These excellent properties indicate that the fiber has potential applications in wearable devices, soft robots and electronic skin.

scholarly journals Strain Sensor via Wood Anomalies in 2D Dielectric Array

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1022
Author(s):  
Rashid G. Bikbaev ◽  
Ivan V. Timofeev ◽  
Vasiliy F. Shabanov
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Reciprocal Lattice ◽  
Strain Sensing ◽  
Photonic Materials ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sensor Structure ◽  
Optical Behavior ◽  
Chlorophyll Absorption

Optical sensing is one of many promising applications for all-dielectric photonic materials. Herein, we present an analytical and numerical study on the strain-responsive spectral properties of a bioinspired sensor. The sensor structure contains a two-dimensional periodic array of dielectric nanodisks to mimic the optical behavior of grana lamellae inside chloroplasts. To accumulate a noticeable response, we exploit the collective optical mode in grana ensemble. In higher plants, such a mode appears as Wood’s anomaly near the chlorophyll absorption line to control the photosynthesis rate. The resonance is shown persistent against moderate biological disorder and deformation. Under the stretching or compression of a symmetric structure, the mode splits into a couple of polarized modes. The frequency difference is accurately detected. It depends on the stretch coefficient almost linearly providing easy calibration of the strain-sensing device. The sensitivity of the considered structure remains at 5 nm/% in a wide range of strain. The influence of the stretching coefficient on the length of the reciprocal lattice vectors, as well as on the angle between them, is taken into account. This adaptive phenomenon is suggested for sensing applications in biomimetic optical nanomaterials.

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