scholarly journals Effects of Resilience on Impulsivity, Cognition and Depression during Protracted Withdrawal among Chinese Male Methamphetamine Users

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyao Zhou ◽  
Wang Ran ◽  
Chenhui Peng ◽  
Siyu Tong ◽  
Lan Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depression Scale ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Physical Problems ◽  
Neuropsychological Status ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Chinese Male

Abstract Background Methamphetamine (METH) dependence is a complex and dynamic public health problem. Long-term abuse of METH can increase numerous risks of mental and physical problems. Currently, the methods to reduce METH dependence and improve the withdrawal symptoms are limited and ineffective. Resilience is regarded as an individuals’ protective moderator against stress and may play a role in the stress-related mental diseases. Methods One hundred and twelve males with METH dependence were consecutively recruited from Huanglong Compulsory Isolated Detoxification Center between 2019 and 2021. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Self-rating depression scale (SDS), Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11(BIS-11), and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (Rbans) were used to evaluate resilience, depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and cognition respectively. Results The results showed that high and medium resilience groups showed lower SDS scores than the low resilience group (p<0.05), with high resilience groups showing lower scores using SAS (p<0.05). The high resilience group demonstrated lower cognitive impulsiveness, non-planning impulsiveness, and BIS-11 scores than the low resilience group (all p <0.05). Additionally, compared with the low resilience group, attention was better in the medium resilience group, while delayed memory was better in the high resilience group (both p<0.05). The total scores of Rbans were also higher in the medium and high resilience groups than low resilience group (both p<0.05). Conclusions This study confirmed a correlation between resilience and impulsivity, cognitive function, and depression. It may suggest a potential role of resilience for individuals during protracted METH withdrawal.

scholarly journals Determination of the anxiety, depression and psychological resilience levels of mothers with children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 249-256
Author(s):  
Kübra Abacı Erginyavuz ◽  
Nurgül Özdemir
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Health State ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Psychological Assessments ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Objective:  This descriptive study was carried out for determining the anxiety, depression and psychological resilience levels of mothers with children diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Material and Method: Study population was comprised of mothers with children diagnosed with ADHD who applied to a state hospital in central Gaziantep province for outpatient treatment during April – August 2017, whereas the number of samples was determined as 54 according to power analysis. The study was carried out with 163 mothers.“Sociodemographic Questionnaire”, “Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale”, “Beck Anxiety Scale” and “Psychological Resilience Scale for Adults” were used for obtaining the required data. The data were analyzed using SPSS Windows version 24.0 software. Results: It was determined that the depression and anxiety levels of mothers with children diagnosed withADHD are at a low level, while their psychological resilience levels are good.A statistically significant relationship was determined between the mental health state of mothers and the adaptation of the child to the environment and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, Beck Anxiety ScaleandPsychological Resilience Scale (p<0.05). Conclusion: It should be kept in mind that having a child diagnosed with ADHD may cause mothers to experience mental issues such as anxiety and depression while also decreasing their psychological resilience.Thus, the importance of carrying out psychological assessments not only for the child but also on the parents with emphasis on mothers should not be ignored during the treatment process.

scholarly journals The Effect of Trait Anxiety on Medical Freshmen's Post-Traumatic Growth: The Mediating Role of Resilience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Peng ◽  
Lan Lan ◽  
Chen Xu ◽  
Min Li
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Trait anxiety is a risk factor for post-traumatic growth when medical freshmen are experiencing stressful events. However, little is known about whether resilience has the mediating role between trait anxiety and post-traumatic growth. The current study surveyed the Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) in a sample of 295 medical freshmen. The results founded that post-traumatic growth was negatively correlated with trait anxiety, with correlation coefficients of -0.609( p < 0.01), and positively correlated with resilience, with correlation coefficient of 0.635 ( p < 0.01). Moreover, resilience could mediate the relationship between trait anxiety and post-traumatic growth. These findings provide theoretical implications to promote medical freshmen’s resilience to adapt to their life of college.

Psychological Maltreatment and Digital Addiction

2019 ◽  
pp. 138-155
Author(s):  
Gökmen Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Psychological Maltreatment ◽  
Healthy Development ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Short And Long Term

Internet use enhances people's quality of life, yet, excessive use may lead to various problems for their healthy development and wellbeing. Understanding the risks and protective factors in the development of internet addiction have importance to promote individuals' mental health and wellbeing. Therefore, the purpose of the present chapter is to explore the role of psychological maltreatment in the development of internet addiction. Psychological maltreatment is a significant public health problem associated with a range of short and long-term mental health and wellbeing outcomes during the period from childhood to adulthood. Considering the outcomes, it is clear that maltreated individuals are at risk to develop internet addiction disorder, and psychological maltreatment has a crucial role in the development of internet addiction. However, evidence on this issue is relatively limited, and there is a need for further research investigating short and long-term impacts of psychological maltreatment on internet addiction.

scholarly journals Role of Vitamin D Status in Diabetic Patients with Renal Disease

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Gembillo ◽  
Valeria Cernaro ◽  
Antonino Salvo ◽  
Rossella Siligato ◽  
Alfredo Laudani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Western World ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Major Public Health Problem

Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses a major public health problem worldwide, with ever-increasing incidence and prevalence in recent years. The Institute for Alternative Futures (IAF) expects that the total number of people with type 1 and type 2 DM in the United States will increase by 54%, from 19,629,000 to 54,913,000 people, between 2015 and 2030. Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) affects about one-third of patients with DM and currently ranks as the first cause of end-stage kidney disease in the Western world. The complexity of interactions of Vitamin D is directly related with progressive long-term changes implicated in the worsening of renal function. These changes result in a dysregulation of the vitamin D-dependent pathways. Various studies demonstrated a pivotal role of Vitamin D supplementation in regression of albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis, contrasting the increase of glomerular basement membrane thickening and podocyte effacement, with better renal and cardiovascular outcomes. The homeostasis and regulation of the nephron’s function are absolutely dependent from the cross-talk between endothelium and podocytes. Even if growing evidence proves that vitamin D may have antiproteinuric, anti-inflammatory and renoprotective effects in patients with DN, it is still worth investigating these aspects with both more in vitro studies and randomized controlled trials in larger patient series and with adequate follow-up to confirm the effects of long-term vitamin D analogue supplementation in DN and to evaluate the effectiveness of this therapy and the appropriate dosage.

scholarly journals Meal Timing and Glycemic Control during Pregnancy—Is There a Link?

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3379
Author(s):  
Shengjie Zhu ◽  
Prasanth Surampudi ◽  
Nancy T. Field ◽  
Maria Chondronikola
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Nutrient Distribution ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
Meal Timing ◽  
Meal Time

Hyperglycemia during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) constitute an important public health problem due to their prevalence and long-term health consequences both for the mother and offspring. Results from studies in rodents and some clinical investigations suggest that meal time manipulation may be a potential lifestyle approach against conditions involving perturbations in glucose homeostasis (e.g., hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, diabetes, etc.). The purpose of this review is to summarize and critically evaluate the current literature on the role of meal timing and daily nutrient distribution on glycemic control during pregnancy. Only a small number of mostly observational studies have assessed the role of meal timing in glucose homeostasis during pregnancy. Food consumption earlier in the day and short-term fasting with adequate nutrient intake may improve glycemic control during the second and third trimester of gestation. Considering that the field of chrononutrition is still in its infancy and many questions remain unanswered, future prospective and carefully designed studies are needed to better understand the role of meal timing in metabolic homeostasis and maternal and fetal health outcomes during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Effect of Resilience on Stress, Anxiety and Depression in Grass-roots Civil Servants: The Mediating and Moderating Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiling Song ◽  
Mengjie Zhang ◽  
Yanjie Wang ◽  
Liying Yang ◽  
Yanyu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depression Scale ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
The Self ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Civil servants are a special group in China, and there is limited research on how their resilience affects mental health, such as depression and anxiety. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to explore the role of resilience through the relationship between stress, depression and anxiety, and to further provide an explanation for how resilience interacts with stress, depression and anxiety in civil servants.Method: In a cross-sectional survey, 302 civil servants completed a battery of questionnaires. The Civil Servants Stress Scale (CSSS) was used to assess the stress of civil servants. The depression and anxiety of participants were evaluated by the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), respectively. The Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) was used to assess the stress of civil servants as well. We conducted the moderating and mediating models to the resilience, depression and anxiety in gross-roots civil servants.Results: The results have shown that resilience was related to stress, depression, and anxiety in civil servants at the basic level. Stress was positively correlated with resilience. On the contrary, stress was negatively associated with depression and anxiety.Conclusion: Resilience played the moderating and mediating roles for stress,depression and anxiety. Resilience can moderate the relationship between stress and depression, anxiety as a dynamic moderate mode. Improving resilience and reducing stress play a vital role in preventing depression and anxiety in gross-roots civil servants.

scholarly journals Increases in Anxiety and Depression During COVID-19: A Large Longitudinal Study From China

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shizhen Wu ◽  
Keshun Zhang ◽  
Elizabeth J. Parks-Stamm ◽  
Zhonghui Hu ◽  
Yaqi Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Development Of Students

Although accumulating evidence suggests the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with costs in mental health, the development of students' mental health, including the change from their previous levels of depression and anxiety and the factors associated with this change, has not been well-studied. The present study investigates changes in students' anxiety and depression from before the pandemic to during the lockdown and identifies factors that are associated with these changes. 14,769 university students participated in a longitudinal study with two time points with a 6-month interval. Students completed the Anxiety and Depression subscales of the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) before the COVID-19 outbreak (October 2020, Time 1), and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) during the pandemic (April 2020, Time 2). The prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms were 1.44 and 1.46% at Time 1, and 4.06 and 22.09% at Time 2, respectively, showing a 181.94% increase in anxiety and a 1413.01% increase in depression. Furthermore, the increases in anxiety and depression from pre-pandemic levels were associated with students' gender and the severity of the pandemic in the province where they resided. This study contributes to the gap in knowledge regarding changes in students' mental health in response to the pandemic and the role of local factors in these changes. Implications for gender and the Typhoon Eye effect are discussed.

The role of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the treatment of hydrocephalus

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy W. Vogel ◽  
Biji Bahuleyan ◽  
Shenandoah Robinson ◽  
Alan R. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Shunt System

Object Hydrocephalus remains a major public health problem. Conventional treatment has relied on extracranial shunting of CSF to another systemic site, but this approach is associated with a high rate of complications. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is a novel treatment for select forms of hydrocephalus that can eliminate the need for implantation of a lifelong ventricular shunt system. However, the indications for ETV are contested and its long-term effectiveness is not well established. Methods The authors selected 100 consecutive patients who underwent ETV for hydrocephalus beginning in 1994. Patients were enrolled and treated at a single institution by a single surgeon. The primary outcome was success of ETV, with success defined as no need for subsequent surgery for hydrocephalus. Results Ninety-five patients satisfied the inclusion criteria. The mean follow-up period was 5.1 years (median 4.7 years) with follow-up data available for as long as 17 years. Patients commonly presented with headache (85%), ataxia (34%), emesis (29%), and changes in vision (27%). The success rate for ETV was 75%. Twenty-one patients (22%) in the series had malfunctioning shunts preoperatively and 13 (62%) were successfully treated with ETV. Preoperative inferior bowing of the third ventricle floor on MRI was significantly associated with ETV success (p < 0.05). Conclusions Endoscopic third ventriculostomy is an effective and durable treatment for select patients with hydrocephalus. When successful, the procedure eliminates the lifelong complications associated with implanted ventricular shunts.

scholarly journals Effect of Resilience on Stress, Anxiety and Depression in Civil Servants: The Mediating and Moderating Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiling Song ◽  
Mengjie Zhang ◽  
Yanjie Wang ◽  
Liying Yang ◽  
Yanyu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depression Scale ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
The Self ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Civil servants are a special group in China, and there is limited research on how their resilience affects mental health, such as depression and anxiety. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to explore the role of resilience through the relationship between stress, depression and anxiety, and to further provide an explanation for how resilience interacts with stress, depression and anxiety in civil servants. Method: In a cross-sectional survey, 302 civil servants completed a battery of questionnaires. The Civil Servants Stress Scale (CSSS) was used to assess the stress of civil servants. The depression and anxiety of participants were evaluated by the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), respectively. The Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) was used to assess the stress of civil servants as well. We conducted the moderating and mediating models to the resilience, depression and anxiety in civil servants. Results: The results have shown that resilience was related to stress, depression, and anxiety in civil servants. Stress was positively correlated with resilience. On the contrary, stress was negatively associated with depression and anxiety. Conclusion: Resilience played the moderating and mediating roles for stress, depression and anxiety. Resilience can moderate the relationship between stress and depression, anxiety as a dynamic moderate mode. Improving resilience and reducing stress play a vital role in preventing depression and anxiety in civil servants.

scholarly journals Adjustment Problems, Depression and Academic Achievement: The Mediating Role of Resilience

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-557
Author(s):  
Umm E Rubab Kazmi ◽  
Amina Muazzam
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Adjustment Problems ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Relationship

Entering college is a challenging phase as students have to experience adjustment problems which in turns significantly influence psychological wellbeing and educational attainment. The study intended to explore the mediational function of resilience within adjustment problems, academic achievement and depression. Sample (N = 880) was selected with age ranged from 16-26 years through purposive sampling from four universities of Lahore. Adjustment Problems Scale (Kazmi & Muazzam, 2017), Psychological Resilience Scale (Jawahir, 2013) and Siddiqui Shah Depression Scale (Siddiqui & Shah, 1992) were used to assess major constructs of the study. Results demonstrated a positive relation between adjustment problems and depression while inverse relation existed between adjustment problems and academic achievement. Likewise, depression positively predicted adjustment problems while adjustment problems inversely predicted academic achievement. Additionally, resilience mediated the relationship between adjustment problems and depression as well as between adjustment problems and academic achievement. The present findings would be useful for clinical psychologists/ counselors for the initial screening and managing adjustment problems in students.

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