scholarly journals Knowledge levels and awareness about rational antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance before and after graduation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adem Kose ◽  
Cemil Colak
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Knowledge Levels ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Senior Students ◽  
Rational Antibiotic Use

Abstract Objective Irrational use of antibiotics may adversely affect the treatment outcomes or even lead to increased antimicrobial resistance. We aimed to evaluate the level of theoretical knowledge of rational antibiotic use and awareness about antimicrobial resistance among the senior students at a medical school and the family physicians.Methods This study was cross-sectional research and was carried out between 01 February-30 April 2019 in Malatya province. Two-hundred twenty-five senior students in the Inonu University Medical School (Group 1) and 230 actively-working family physicians in Malatya primary healthcare services who were found eligible (Group 2). Power analysis was calculated as the minimum of 240 participants when considering a proportion difference of 0.18 between the groups, a type I error of 0.05 and a type II error of 0.20. A p<0.05 value was considered to be statistically significant.Results Researchers argued that penal sanctions can be more effective by developing strict use policies to raise awareness of resistance to antimicrobials. Group 2 had higher self-confidence, and it was also concluded that they forgot their theoretical antibiotic knowledge over time, and they could not follow the current information because of the intensity of their working life. Both groups stated that post-graduation training could be used effectively for reducing antimicrobial resistance.Conclusions This study attempted to increase awareness to determine the difference in theoretical knowledge levels and behavior models of physicians before and after graduation. Sustainable antibiotic training for doctors after graduation will contribute positive effects to antimicrobial resistance and rational use of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Knowledge levels and awareness about rational antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance before and after graduation: A cross-sectional study conducted in Malatya province, Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adem Kose ◽  
Cemil Colak
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Knowledge Levels ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Senior Students ◽  
Rational Antibiotic Use

Abstract Background Irrational use of antibiotics may adversely affect the treatment outcomes or even lead to increased antimicrobial resistance. We aimed to evaluate the level of theoretical knowledge of rational antibiotic use and awareness about antimicrobial resistance among the senior students at a medical school and the family physicians.Methods This study was cross-sectional research and was carried out between 01 February-30 April 2019 in Malatya province. Two-hundred twenty-five senior students in the Inonu University Medical School (Group 1) and 230 actively-working family physicians in Malatya primary healthcare services who were found eligible (Group 2). Power analysis was calculated as the minimum of 240 participants when considering a proportion difference of 0.18 between the groups, a type I error of 0.05 and a type II error of 0.20. A p<0.05 value was considered to be statistically significant.Results Researchers argued that penal sanctions can be more effective by developing strict use policies to raise awareness of resistance to antimicrobials. Group 2 had higher self-confidence, and it was also concluded that they forgot their theoretical antibiotic knowledge over time, and they could not follow the current information because of the intensity of their working life. Both groups stated that post-graduation training could be used effectively for reducing antimicrobial resistance.Conclusions This study attempted to increase awareness to determine the difference in theoretical knowledge levels and behavior models of physicians before and after graduation. Sustainable antibiotic training for doctors after graduation will contribute positive effects to antimicrobial resistance and rational use of antibiotics.

A cross-sectional research conducted in Malatya province, Turkey: Knowledge levels and awareness about rational antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance before and after graduation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADEM KOSE
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Senior Students ◽  
Rational Antibiotic Use ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Irrational antibiotic use can adversely affect treatment outcomes or even lead to increased antimicrobial resistance. We aimed to determine antimicrobial prescribing habits and to evaluate the level of theoretical knowledge of rational antibiotic use and awareness about antimicrobial resistance among the senior students of medical faculty and the family physicians in Malatya province in Turkey. Methods This study was cross-sectional research and was carried out between dates of 01 February-30 April 2019, in Malatya province. Power analysis was calculated as minimum 240 participants when considering a proportion difference of 0.18 between the groups, a type I error of 0.05 and a type II error of 0.20. A total 225 senior students in Inonu University Medical Faculty (Group 1) and 230 actively-working family physicians in Malatya primary healthcare services who were found eligible (Group 2) were included in to this study. A questionnaire form was prepared including seven sections and thirty questions. All of the participants were interviewed face to face. Before the questions, the purpose of the study and the contents of the questions were explained to participants. Qualitative data were analyzed by Pearson chi-square test. A p<0.05 value was considered to be statistically significant. Results The group 1 had a tendency to apply to specialist physician when starting to themselves antibiotic treatment, they were more cautious when making antibiotic decision, and their theoretical knowledge level was better. They argued that penal sanctions could be more effective by developing strict use policies to raise awareness of resistance to antibiotics. The group 2 had higher self-confidence and it was also concluded that forgot their theoretical antibiotic knowledge over time and could not follow the novel information because of the intensity of working life. Both groups stated that post-graduation trainings could be used effectively for reducing the antibiotic resistance. Conclusion This study highlighted the need for immediate action of training and corrective actions and might create awareness to determine the difference in theoretical knowledge levels and behavior models of physicians before and after graduation and to reduce higher use rates to lower levels. Key words: Antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic, awareness, rational use

scholarly journals Impact of a mobile decision support tool on antimicrobial stewardship indicators in St. John’s, Canada

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252407
Author(s):  
Daniel Doyle ◽  
Gerald McDonald ◽  
Claire Pratt ◽  
Zahra Rehan ◽  
Tammy Benteau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Survey Tool ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Objectives Inappropriate antibiotic use contributes to antimicrobial resistance. The SpectrumTM app provides antibiotic decision support, based on local antimicrobial resistance rates. We determined the impact of regional implementation of the app on inpatient antimicrobial appropriateness, inpatient antimicrobial usage (AMU), population-based Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) rates and cost, using a retrospective, before and after quasi-experimental design, including a one-year study period. Methods The SpectrumTM app was released to prescribers in February, 2019. We performed two one-day inpatient point prevalence surveys using the National Antimicrobial Prescribing Survey tool, six months before (June 25, 2018) and six months after (June 25, 2019) app dissemination. Inpatient AMU in Defined Daily Dose/1000 patient days and CDI incidence were compared, before and after app dissemination. Results The pre-survey included 184 prescriptions, and the post-survey included 197 prescriptions. Appropriateness was 97/176 (55.1%) pre, and 126/192 (65.6%) post (+10.5%, p = 0.051). Inpatient AMU declined by 6.6 DDD/1000 patient days per month, and CDI declined by 0.3 cases per month. Cost savings associated with reduced AMU were $403.98/bed/year and associated with reduced CDI were $82,078/year. Conclusion We observed improvement in antimicrobial stewardship indicators following SpectrumTM implementation. We cannot determine the cause of these improvements.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practices about antimicrobial resistance and appropriate use of antimicrobial agents among the MBBS students of a medical college hospital in Eastern India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Ghosh ◽  
Snehasish Das ◽  
Raju Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Regular Education ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Rational Antibiotic Use

Background: Antimicrobial agents are one of the most commonly used as well as misused drugs. Rational antibiotic use is thought to be the best way to control resistance. Awareness and practice about antimicrobial use and resistance among medical students of different years so that appropriate measures can be taken to educate them properly to prevent misuse of antimicrobial as far as possible.Methods: It was a cross sectional questionnaire-based study undertaken in a teaching hospital in Eastern India among 328 medical students in 4 different batches. their responses remained confidential. total correct and incorrect responses from each of the 4 batches of MBBS students. overall trend and batch wise difference in the responses were analyzed.Results: Most of them had idea about problem of antimicrobial resistance and most of the students answered majority of the questions correctly. While assessing difference in responses in different batches, result showed that there was very significant improvement in the response of 6th semester students than the response of 4th semester students, may be due to acquiring knowledge of antimicrobials from their pharmacology classes in that period.Conclusions: Overall knowledge of antimicrobial resistance and proper use of antimicrobials appears good among different batches of MBBS student of this institution, though some areas need to be improved. Knowledge improvement is most evident from 4th semester to 6th semester students. Pharmacology training appears to make students more aware of this problem. Regular education is important to make them more aware.

Comparison of 24-Hour Electrocardiogram Parameters in Patients with Graves Disease Before and After Anti-Thyroid Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamze Akkuş ◽  
Yeliz Sökmen ◽  
Mehmet Yılmaz ◽  
Özkan Bekler ◽  
Oğuz Akkuş
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Surgical Therapy ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Euthyroid Status ◽  
Ectopic Beats ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Electrocardiographic Parameters ◽  
Group 1

Background: We aimed prospectively investigate the laboratory and electrocardiographic parameters (hearth rate, QRS, QT, QTc, Tpe, Tpe/QTc, arrhythmia prevalance) in patients with graves disease before and after antithyroid therapy. Methods: 71 patients (48 female, 23 male), age between 18-50 (mean±SD: 36.48±12.20 ) with GD were included into the study. Patients treated with antithyroid therapy (thionamids and/or surgical therapy) to maintain euthyroid status. Patients were examined in terms of electrocardiographic parameters before and after the treatment. Results: Mean TSH, free thyroxin (fT4) and tri-iodothyrionine (fT3) levels of all patients were 0.005±0.21, 3.27± 1.81, 11.42±7.44, respectively. While 9 patients (group 2) underwent surgical therapy, had suspicious of malignant nodule or large goiter and unresponsiveness to medical treatment; the other patients (n=62, group 1) were treated with medical therapy. Patients with surgical therapy had more increased serum fT4 (p=0.045), anti-thyroglobulin value (p=0.018) and more severe graves orbitopathy (n=0.051) before treatment when compared to medical therapy group. Baseline Tpe duration and baseline Tpe/QTc ratio and frequency of supraventricular ectopic beats were found to be significantly higher in group 2 when compared to group 1 (p=0.00, p=0.005). Otherwise baseline mean heart rate, QRS duration, QTc values of both groups were similar. Although the patients became their euthyroid status, group 2 patients had still suffered from more sustained supraventricular ectopics beats than group 1. Conclusion: Distinct from medical treatment group, surgical treatment group with euthyroidism at least 3 months had still suffered from an arrhythmia (Tpe, Tpe/QTc, supraventricular and ventricular ectopic beats).

scholarly journals Assessing Knowledge and Perception Regarding Antimicrobial Stewardship and Antimicrobial Resistance in University Students of Pakistan: Findings and Implications

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 866
Author(s):  
Iltaf Hussain ◽  
Nisa Yousaf ◽  
Sana Haider ◽  
Pervisha Jalil ◽  
Muhammad Usman Saleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
University Students ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dosing Regimen ◽  
Student Knowledge ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

The irrational use of antimicrobials has enormously contributed to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) globally and especially in the developing world. To assess the knowledge and perception regarding AMR and antimicrobial stewardship (AMS), a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in university students enrolled in pharmacy, veterinary, and biology programs by using an online self-administered questionnaire. The Chi-square and Fisher exact tests (where applicable) were performed to assess the association of the demographics with the students’ knowledge and perception regarding AMR and AMS. A total of 496 students completed the questionnaire, among which, 85.7% of the participants were familiar with the term AMR and 79.4% of the participants correctly identified a poorly designed dosing regimen as a contributing factor towards AMR. The majority of participants (57.9%) were familiar with the term AMS and 86.5% were aware of the aim of AMS. The participants showed good knowledge regarding AMR and AMS, but to further improve student knowledge and perception of AMS and AMR, it is suggested that dedicated modules on antibiotic use and AMS should be incorporated into the curricula of these undergraduate and postgraduate programs.

scholarly journals Unsafe “crossover-use” of chloramphenicol in Uganda: importance of a One Health approach in antimicrobial resistance policy and regulatory action

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayley D. McCubbin ◽  
John W. Ramatowski ◽  
Esther Buregyeya ◽  
Eleanor Hutchinson ◽  
Harparkash Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Low Income ◽  
One Health ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Regulatory Action ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Drug Shop ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Human Use

AbstractSince the introduction of antibiotics into mainstream health care, resistance to these drugs has become a widespread issue that continues to increase worldwide. Policy decisions to mitigate the development of antimicrobial resistance are hampered by the current lack of surveillance data on antibiotic product availability and use in low-income countries. This study collected data on the antibiotics stocked in human (42) and veterinary (21) drug shops in five sub-counties in Luwero district of Uganda. Focus group discussions with drug shop vendors were also employed to explore antibiotic use practices in the community. Focus group participants reported that farmers used human-intended antibiotics for their livestock, and community members obtain animal-intended antibiotics for their own personal human use. Specifically, chloramphenicol products licensed for human use were being administered to Ugandan poultry. Human consumption of chloramphenicol residues through local animal products represents a serious public health concern. By limiting the health sector scope of antimicrobial resistance research to either human or animal antibiotic use, results can falsely inform policy and intervention strategies. Therefore, a One Health approach is required to understand the wider impact of community antibiotic use and improve overall effectiveness of intervention policy and regulatory action.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document