Patterns of Periodontal Destruction among Smokeless Tobacco Users in a Central Indian Population

Abstract Background: Findings of studies testing the association between smokeless tobacco (SLT) use and periodontal health have shown varying results in different populations. Considering the high prevalence of SLT use in India, the present study was conducted to understand the pattern of periodontal destruction within different areas of the dentition among SLT users. Methods: Age, gender, oral hygiene habits, the frequency and duration of SLT consumption, the type of SLT product used, and the site of retention of the SLT product in the oral cavity were recorded among 90 SLT users. Mean probing depth (PD), recession (REC), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) at SLT-associated and non SLT-associated teeth of the mandibular arch were compared based on the site of retention of the SLT product, the type of product used, and the duration of the habit. Results: Mean REC and CAL were significantly higher at the SLT-associated zones compared to non SLT-associated zones and at both inter-proximal and mid-buccal sites of SLT-associated teeth. Among individuals who had the habit for >5 years and also among those who had the habit for 5-10 years, mean PD, REC, and CAL were significantly higher at SLT-associated teeth than at non SLT-associated teeth. Significantly greater periodontal destruction was observed at SLT-associated teeth among khaini users and gutkha users. Conclusion: Patterns of periodontal destruction among SLT users varied significantly between SLT-associated and non-SLT-associated sites, and the severity of periodontal destruction at SLT-associated sites differed among individuals depending upon the type of SLT product used, the site of retention of the SLT product, and the duration of the habit.

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Patterns of Periodontal Destruction among Smokeless Tobacco Users in a Central Indian Population

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9060744 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 744

Author(s):

Pradeep S. Anand ◽

Supriya Mishra ◽

Deepti Nagle ◽

Namitha P. Kamath ◽

Kavitha P. Kamath ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Tobacco Consumption ◽

Periodontal Health ◽

Clinical Attachment Loss ◽

Periodontal Tissues ◽

Probing Depth ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Periodontal Destruction ◽

Different Populations ◽

Oral Hygiene Habits

Background: Findings of studies testing the association between smokeless tobacco (SLT) use and periodontal health have shown varying results in different populations. Considering the high prevalence of SLT use in India, the present study was conducted to understand the pattern of periodontal destruction within different areas of the dentition among SLT users. Methods: Age, gender, oral hygiene habits, the frequency and duration of SLT consumption, the type of SLT product used, and the site of retention of the SLT product in the oral cavity were recorded among 90 SLT users. Probing depth (PD), recession (REC), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) at SLT-associated and non SLT-associated teeth of the mandibular arch were compared based on the site of retention of the SLT product, the type of product used, and the duration of the habit. Results: REC and CAL were significantly higher at the SLT-associated zones compared to non SLT-associated zones and at both interproximal and mid-buccal sites of SLT-associated teeth. Among individuals who had the habit for more than 5 years and also among those who had the habit for 5–10 years, PD, REC, and CAL were significantly higher at SLT-associated teeth than at non SLT-associated teeth. Significantly greater periodontal destruction was observed at SLT-associated teeth among khaini users and gutkha users. Conclusions: Smokeless tobacco consumption resulted in greater destruction of periodontal tissues. The severity of periodontal destruction at SLT-associated sites differed depending on the type of smokeless tobacco used, the site of retention of the SLT, and the duration of the habit.

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Evaluation of the effect of smokeless tobacco on periodontal health and oral hygiene status

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1708696 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 07 (01) ◽

pp. 052-056

Author(s):

Madhura Ramnath ◽

Nina Shenoy ◽

Reema M. Rao ◽

Roshni Jaiswal

Keyword(s):

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Gingival Recession ◽

Gingival Index ◽

Periodontal Health ◽

Clinical Attachment Level ◽

Number Of Teeth ◽

Probing Depth ◽

Study Population ◽

Attachment Level

Abstract Background and objectives: Studies on effects of smokeless tobacco (ST) use on the periodontium are limited and have, received less attention. The aim of the present split mouth study is to evaluate the periodontal parameters and oral hygiene status of sites associated with smokeless tobacco (ST) placement and compares the corresponding parameters on the contralateral site, where smokeless tobacco is not placed (NST). Methods: Study population: 25 subjects were selected from A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangalore. Written informed consent was taken from all the participants. Oral cavity of each subject was divided into two sites Smokeless tobacco (ST) site and Non-smokeless tobacco (NST) site.Screening examination included: Clinical examination of ST keratosis: the location, size, and specific teeth adjacent to the ST keratosis were recorded. Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), Gingival Index. Periodontal parameters-Probing depth (PD), Clinical attachment level, total number of teeth present in the mouth and number of teeth with attrition were recorded. Results: Of the 25 subjects, mean OHI-S and gingival index was 2.76 and 1.36 respectively. Mean clinical attachment level was 2.78 (p- <0.001), number of teeth with recession and attrition was 3.36 and 3.04 respectively, all in favour of the ST site. Interpretation and Conclusion: The smokeless tobacco site showed significantly greater gingival recession, attachment loss and periodontal deterioration when compared to nonsmokeless tobacco site.

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The experience of using a diode laser in the herpes labial treatment

Periodontology ◽

10.33925/1683-3759-2020-25-1-43-46 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 43-46

Author(s):

S. L. Blashkova ◽

E. V. Krikun ◽

Yu. V. Fazylova ◽

Yu. V. Blashkova

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Diode Laser ◽

Comparison Group ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Local Treatment ◽

Allergic Reactions ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Dental Diseases ◽

Simplex Virus

Relevance. The relevance of the problem is in the high prevalence of the herpes simplex virus. According to WHO, nearly 90% of the population are carriers. Relapses can occur several times a year, which leads to disability and impairs the quality of life. Currently, there are a large number of drugs for general and local treatment. However, they are toxic and can cause allergic reactions. In recent years, a large number of studies have been devoted to the use of lasers in the treatment of dental diseases. Therefore, the question of the use of a laser in the treatment of herpetic lesions of the oral cavity remains relevant.Purpose. The research purpose was to determine the effectiveness of the use of a diode laser in the treatment of herpetic lesions of the lips.Materials and methods. We conducted a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of the use of a diode laser in monotherapy of herpetic lip lesions in 18 patients. The comparison group consisted of 18 patients, in the local treatment of which antiviral ointments were used.Results. The results of the study showed that the use of a diode laser can reduce treatment time, accelerate the epithelization of foci.Conclusion. The results of our study allow us to recommend the use of a diode laser in the complex treatment of herpetic lesions of the oral cavity.

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High prevalence of human papillomavirus and European variants of HPV 16 infecting concomitantly to cervix and oral cavity in HIV positive women

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0227900 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. e0227900

Author(s):

Milagros Pérez-Quintanilla ◽

Rocío Méndez-Martínez ◽

Salvador Vázquez-Vega ◽

Raquel Espinosa-Romero ◽

Rita Sotelo-Regil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Hiv Positive Women ◽

High Prevalence

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Perio Millennium The journey of periodontology from then to now

RGUHS Journal of Dental Sciences ◽

10.26715/rjds.13_3_3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 235-240

Author(s):

Patnaik R ◽

Nayak A

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Oral Health ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Physical Health ◽

Well Being ◽

Periodontal Health ◽

Healthcare Facilities ◽

Gradual Evolution ◽

History Of ◽

Physical Health Care

Since the beginning of the civilisation, humans have been in a constant process of development. Along with lifestyle, healthcare developments have also been embraced in a remarkable journey through ages. With evolving lifestyle, the survival of disease-causing pathogens has also parallelly developed by sudden mutations and gradual evolution of species for their survival, demanding an improvement in healthcare facilities which include physical, mental and social well-being. The physical health care has seen an interesting journey in terms of both systemic and oral health. While we speak of health, the contribution of periodontal health is an appreciable factor determining the health of the oral cavity. Periodontal healthcare has existed, evolved and advanced with every passing day. This manuscript aimed at reviewing the history of periodontology from its earliest evidence up to the impending future of periodontology, exploring its existence from an era of prehistoric civilisation to an era which is yet to present itself.

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PREVALANCE OF HEAD AND NECK CANCER IN UPPER ASSAM: AN INSTITUTIONAL STUDY.

10.36106/ijsr/0807612 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 50-51

Author(s):

Ayesha Agarwal ◽

Trishan Paul ◽

Rudra Kanta Gogoi ◽

Rheetwik Baruah ◽

Chiranjeev Baruah

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Population Based ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Medical College ◽

Starting Point ◽

High Prevalence ◽

North Eastern ◽

Total Body

In India, head and neck cancers (HNCA) account for 14.3% cancers at all sites. In North-eastern India, there is a high prevalence of HNCA which can be associated with pervasive habit of using tobacco, lime and betel. The alarmingly high prevalence of cancers of head and neck in this part of India has prompted us to take up this study. Ahospital-based study on prevalence of cancer in various head and neck regions like oropharynx, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, salivary glands and nasal cavity was conducted in Department of Radiation Oncology, Assam Medical College and Hospital from June 2020 to May 2021.The prevalence is found to be signicantly high at 57.59%, affecting males more than females in the age group of 50-59 years. HNCA of hypopharynx and oral cavity constituted a major burden of total body cancer. This study hopes to quantify and analyse the HNCAspectrum and should help as a starting point for a much needed population based study in this region. Acomprehensive effort is required to identify the cause of such high prevalence of HNCAin this region of India, generate awareness and treatment options suited to meet this challenge.

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Periodontal conditions of teeth presenting pathologic migration

Brazilian Oral Research ◽

10.1590/s1806-83242004000400005 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 301-305 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Maurício Ribeiro Costa ◽

Karina Gonzales Silvério ◽

Carlos Rossa Júnior ◽

Joni Augusto Cirelli

Keyword(s):

Bone Loss ◽

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Clinical Attachment Loss ◽

Attachment Loss ◽

Frequent Type ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Periodontal Destruction

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the periodontal conditions of anterior teeth that presented pathologic migration in patients with chronic periodontitis and to compare periodontal destruction in migrated versus non-migrated teeth. The sample included 32 patients of both sexes (mean age: 46.0 ± 11.6 years) diagnosed with generalized chronic periodontitis and selected on the basis of the presence of pathologic migration in one or more anterior teeth. This migration was classified according to the following categories: facial flaring, diastema, proximal tilting, rotation or extrusion. The periodontal parameters recorded were clinical attachment loss (CAL) and percentage of radiographic bone loss (BL). Mean CAL of 5.50 ± 2.20 mm and mean BL of 41.90 ± 15.40% were found in 115 teeth assessed. The most frequent type of migration was facial flaring (34.80%), followed by diastema (27.00%). Extrusion was hardly observed in the sample (4.30%). However, greater severity of BL and CAL were observed in teeth with this type of migration (59.44% and 8.42 mm, respectively), and in teeth with facial flaring (45.17% of BL and 6.07 mm of CAL). Kruskal-Wallis test indicated that BL presented by teeth with extrusion or facial flaring was greater than that observed in rotated or tilted teeth (p < 0.05), while there was no difference between groups regarding CAL (p = 0.11). It was observed that anterior teeth with pathologic migration presented greater CAL and BL (5.1 mm and 40%) than non-migrated teeth (4.1 and 31%). The study indicated that the most prevalent kind of pathologic migration is facial flaring, which was associated to higher level of bone loss.

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Smokeless Tobacco Use and Periodontal Health in a Rural Male Population

Journal of Periodontology ◽

10.1902/jop.2010.090310 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 81 (6) ◽

pp. 848-854 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Yong H. Chu ◽

Dimitris N. Tatakis ◽

Alvin G. Wee

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Male Population ◽

Periodontal Health ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use

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Assessment of the effect of vacuum-formed retainers and Hawley retainers on periodontal health: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0253968 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. e0253968

Author(s):

Bowen Li ◽

Yifeng Xu ◽

Cailian Lu ◽

Zhenheng Wei ◽

Yongyue Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meta Analysis ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Periodontal Health ◽

Probing Depth ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Orthodontic Patients ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

Sulcus Probing Depth

Background Recently, increasing attention has been paid to the periodontal health of orthodontic patients in the maintenance stage in clinical practice. The focus of this meta-analysis was to compare the effects of vacuum-formed retainers (VFR) and Hawley retainers (HR) on periodontal health, in order to provide a reference for clinical selection. Methods From the establishment of the database until November 2020, a large number of databases were searched to find relevant randomized control trials, including the Cochrane Library databases, Embase, PubMed, Medline via Ovi, Web of Science, Scopus, Grey Literature in Europe, Google Scholar and CNKI. Related literature was manually searched and included in the analysis. Two researchers screened the literature according to relevant criteria. The size of the effect was determined using RevMan5.3 software, and the mean difference and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate the results using a random effects model. Results This meta-analysis included six randomized controlled trials involving 304 patients. The results of the meta-analysis showed that there was no statistical difference in sulcus probing depth status between the VFR group and the HR group, including at 1, 3, and 6 months. Compared with the VFR group, the HR group showed a lower gingival index at 1 month (mean difference = 0.12, 95%CI: 0.06 to 0.19) and 3 months (mean difference = 0.11, 95%CI: 0.06 to 0.17), while there was no statistically significant difference at 6 months (mean difference = 0.10, 95%CI: -0.07 to 0.27). The plaque index of the HR group also showed a good state at 1 month (mean difference = 0.06, 95%CI: 0.01 to 0.12), 3 months (mean difference = 0.12, 95%CI: 0.08 to 0.16), and 6 months (mean difference = 0.19, 95%CI: 0.09 to 0.29). Subgroup analysis of PLI showed that when all teeth were measured, PLI status was lower in the HR group at 6 months (mean difference = 0.32, 95%CI: 0.18 to 0.46). PLI status was also low for the other teeth group (mean difference = 0.15, 95%CI: 0.08 to 0.22). Conclusion Our meta-analysis showed that patients using the Hawley retainer had better periodontal health compared with those using vacuum-formed retainers. However, more research is needed to look at the periodontal health of patients using these two retainers.

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Prevalence of Smokeless Tobacco Consumption among women of Rural Telangana

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20214041 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Murali Lingala ◽

Sneha Simon ◽

Bhagath . ◽

Kavitha .

Keyword(s):

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Peer Pressure ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Tobacco Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Second Hand Smoke ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

The Social ◽

High Prevalence

Background: Tobacco kills approximately 1 million people annually in India and is responsible for almost half of all cancers in men and quarter of all cancers in women. Smokeless tobacco (SLT) is one such form that is culturally and socially acceptable by women especially in rural India. The study was aimed to estimate the prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption among women, prevalence of exposure to second hand smoke and to determine the factors associated with it.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was done among 190 women in the rural field practice area of department of community medicine of Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal during the period of October 2019 to December 2019. Data was collected using simple random sampling. A semi structured questionnaire was prepared with the help of global adult tobacco survey proforma. The data was analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 20.00.Results: Prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption was 57% and the most common form of tobacco being consumed was tobacco with pan (40.3%). The prevalence of exposure to second hand smoke at home was 61%. The most common reason for initiation was peer pressure. High prevalence of consumption of smokeless tobacco was seen in unemployed and illiterate women.Conclusions: The prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption is higher among women in this study and this indicates the lack of awareness and the need for better strategies to reduce the burden.

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