Educating the Next Generation in Sport and Exercise Medicine: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Abstract Background Sport and exercise medicine (SEM) is a relatively new specialty, and it is not well incorporated into undergraduate medical education. Previous studies have highlighted that medical students would benefit from increased teaching on SEM, and that students would like more SEM teaching. The aim of this project is to establish which SEM-related topics are deemed to be most important to incorporate into undergraduate medical education and confirm whether medical students would benefit from increased SEM exposure. Methods An online survey was distributed to all members of the British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine (BASEM) via email, and it was shared on Twitter via BASEM and the research team. Results A total of 126 responses were analysed. The majority of respondents work in SEM, or were interested in pursuing a career in SEM. Musculoskeletal (MSK) examination skills, exercise to prevent and manage disease, and MSK injuries and conditions were deemed to be the most important SEM-related topics to teach medical students. Use of social media and pitchside case were deemed the least important. Respondents thought medical students do not receive enough SEM teaching at medical school and could benefit from increased SEM exposure. Conclusions This study supports the opinion that medical students would benefit from increased SEM exposure. This survey is the first to determine how important it is that specific SEM-related topics are taught to medical students. In response to this survey a Delphi study is being conducted in the UK to establish a consensus undergraduate SEM curriculum for medical students.

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Consensus-based antimicrobial resistance and stewardship competencies for UK undergraduate medical students

JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

10.1093/jacamr/dlaa096 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

Author(s):

David McMaster ◽

Molly Courtenay ◽

Catherine Santucci ◽

Angharad P Davies ◽

Andrew Kirby ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Education ◽

Medical Students ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Undergraduate Medical Education ◽

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Online Survey ◽

Undergraduate Curriculum ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

The Uk

Abstract Background In the UK there is limited coverage of antimicrobial stewardship across postgraduate curricula and evidence that final year medical students have insufficient and inconsistent antimicrobial stewardship teaching. A national undergraduate curriculum for antimicrobial resistance and stewardship is required to standardize an adequate level of understanding for all future doctors. Objectives To provide a UK national consensus on competencies for antimicrobial resistance and stewardship for undergraduate medical education. Methods Using the modified Delphi method over two online survey rounds, an expert panel comprising leads for infection teaching from 25 UK medical schools reviewed competency descriptors for antimicrobial resistance and stewardship education. Results There was a response rate of 100% with all 28 experts who agreed to take part completing both survey rounds. Following the first-round survey, of the initial 55 descriptors, 43 reached consensus (78%). The second-round survey included the 12 descriptors from the first round in which agreement had not been reached, four amended descriptors and 12 new descriptors following qualitative feedback from the panel members. Following the second-round survey, a total of 58 consensus-based competency descriptors within six overarching domains were identified. Conclusions The consensus-based competency descriptors defined here can be used to inform standards, design curricula, develop assessment tools and direct UK undergraduate medical education.

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Survey of young people in one region of the UK on accessing COVID-19 information (SOCIAL)

BMJ Paediatrics Open ◽

10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000942 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. e000942

Author(s):

Oliver G P Lawton ◽

Sarah A Lawton ◽

Lisa Dikomitis ◽

Joanne Protheroe ◽

Joanne Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Young People ◽

Significant Role ◽

Online Survey ◽

Descriptive Statistics ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Education Gaps ◽

The Uk

COVID-19 has significantly impacted young people’s lives yet little is known about the COVID-19 related sources of information they access. We performed a cross-sectional survey of pupils (11–16 years) in North Staffordshire, UK. 408 (23%) pupils responded to an online survey emailed to them by their school. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the data. Social media, accessed by 68%, played a significant role in the provision of information, despite it not being considered trustworthy. 89% felt that COVID-19 had negatively affected their education. Gaps in the provision of information on COVID-19 have been identified.

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841 The psychological impact of Foundation Interim Year 1 Placements on Final Year UK Medical Students Transitioning to Foundation Year One During the COVID Era

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1093/bjs/znab134.093 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

M Durand-Hill ◽

D I Ike ◽

A N Nijhawan ◽

A B Shah ◽

A Dawson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Hospital Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Stress Scale ◽

The Uk

Abstract Introduction During the COVID pandemic, the 2019-2020 cohort of final year students were invited to participate in Foundation interim Year 1 placements (FiY1). FiY1 aimed to ease transition to Foundation Year 1 doctor (FY1). We assessed the psychological impact of FiY1 on final year medical students. Method A cross-sectional survey was distributed to final year medical students in the UK between June 4th and July 4th, 2020. The survey contained the following domains: participant demographics, rationale for FiY1 participation, a checklist of the key safety principles for FiY1s, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Perceived Stress scale-4. Results 107 final years responded to the survey. 72.0% (n = 77) of final year students surveyed were working as FiY1s. Final year students participating in FiY1 postings had reduced rates of anxiety (29.9% vs 43.4%, P = 0.186), depression (5.2% vs 20.0%, P = 0.018) and lower perceived stress levels (5.0 vs 7.2, P < 0.001). 19.5% (15/77) FiY1s reported working beyond their competency, 27.3% (22/77) felt unsupervised, but 94.8% (73/77) of FiY1s felt the post prepared them for FY1. Conclusions Students participating in FiY1 postings felt less stressed and depressed than those not participating in the scheme and the majority felt it was preparing them for FY1.

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Doctors’ perception of support and the processes involved in complaints investigations and how these relate to welfare and defensive practice: a cross-sectional survey of the UK physicians

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017856 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. e017856 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Tom Bourne ◽

Bavo De Cock ◽

Laure Wynants ◽

Mike Peters ◽

Chantal Van Audenhove ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Well Being ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Perceived Support ◽

Survey Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Final Sample ◽

Perception Of Support ◽

The Uk

ObjectiveHow adverse outcomes and complaints are managed may significantly impact on physician well-being and practice. We aimed to investigate how depression, anxiety and defensive medical practice are associated with doctors actual and perceived support, behaviour of colleagues and process issues regarding how complaints investigations are carried out.DesignA survey study. Respondents were classified into three groups: no complaint, recent/current complaint (within 6 months) or past complaint. Each group completed specific surveys.SettingBritish Medical Association (BMA) members were invited to complete an online survey.Participants95 636 members of the BMA were asked to participate. 7926 (8.3%) completed the survey, of whom 1780 (22.5%) had no complaint, 3889 (49.1%) had a past complaint and 2257 (28.5%) had a recent/current complaint. We excluded those with no complaints leaving 6144 in the final sample.Primary outcomes measuresWe measured anxiety and depression using the Generalised Anxiety Disorder Scale 7 and Physical Health Questionnaire 9. Defensive practice was assessed using a new measure for avoidance and hedging.ResultsMost felt supported by colleagues (61%), only 31% felt supported by management. Not following process (56%), protracted timescales (78%), vexatious complaints (49%), feeling bullied (39%) or victimised for whistleblowing (20%), and using complaints to undermine (31%) were reported. Perceived support by management (relative risk (RR) depression: 0.77, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.83; RR anxiety: 0.80, 95% CI 0.74 to 0.87), speaking to colleagues (RR depression: 0.64, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.84 and RR anxiety: 0.69, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.94, respectively), fair/accurate documentation (RR depression: 0.80, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.86; RR anxiety: 0.81, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.87), and being informed about rights (RR depression 0.96 (0.89 to 1.03) and anxiety 0.94 (0.87 to 1.02), correlated positively with well-being and reduced defensive practice. Doctors worried most about professional humiliation following a complaint investigation (80%).ConclusionPoor process, prolonged timescales and vexatious use of complaints systems are associated with decreased psychological welfare and increased defensive practice. In contrast, perceived support from colleagues and management is associated with a reduction in these effects.

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Current therapy for the upper limb after stroke: a cross-sectional survey of UK therapists

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030262 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. e030262 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Rachel Stockley ◽

Rosemary Peel ◽

Kathryn Jarvis ◽

Louise Connell

Keyword(s):

Upper Limb ◽

Online Survey ◽

Current Therapy ◽

Future Research ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Constraint Induced Movement Therapy ◽

Therapy Interventions ◽

The Uk

ObjectivesTo survey the reported content, frequency and duration of upper limb treatment provided by occupational and physiotherapists for people after stroke in the UK.DesignA cross-sectional online survey was used. Description and analysis of the data were based on items from the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (Who, Where, What and How much).SettingThe online survey was distributed via professional and social networks to UK-based therapists.ParticipantsRespondents were occupational or physiotherapists currently working clinically in the UK with people after stroke. Over the 6 week data collection period, 156 respondents opened the survey, and 154 completed it. Respondents comprised 85 physiotherapists and 69 occupational therapists.ResultsRespondents reported treating the upper limb a median of three times a week (range: 1 to 7) for a mean of 29 min (SD: 18). Most (n=110) stated this was supplemented by rehabilitation assistants, family and/or carers providing additional therapy a median of three times a week (range 1 to 7). Functional training was the most commonly reported treatment for people with mild and moderate upper limb deficits (>40%). There was much less consistency in treatments reported for people with severe upper limb deficits with less than 20% (n=28) reporting the same treatments.ConclusionsThis study provides a contemporaneous description of reported therapy in the UK for people with upper limb deficits after stroke and a detailed template to inform standard therapy interventions in future research. Several evidence-based therapies were reported to be used by respondents (eg, constraint induced movement therapy), but others were not (eg, mental imagery). The findings also highlight that the current reported provision of upper limb therapy is markedly less than what is likely to be effective. This underlines an urgent need to configure and fund services to empower therapists to deliver greater amounts of evidence-based treatment for people with upper limb deficits after stroke.

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Undergraduate medical education: a national survey of consultant radiologists

British Journal of Radiology ◽

10.1259/bjr.20200380 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 93 (1112) ◽

pp. 20200380 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C Chew ◽

PJ O’Dwyer

Keyword(s):

Medical Education ◽

Medical Students ◽

Undergraduate Medical Education ◽

National Survey ◽

Online Survey ◽

Professional Activity ◽

Large Drop ◽

Current Role ◽

Health Boards

Objective: Rising clinical demand and changes to Radiologists’ job plans mean it is becoming ever more difficult for Radiologists to teach medical students. The aim of this study was to assess the current role of Radiologists in undergraduate medical education in Scotland. Methods: Consultant Radiologists working across all 14 Scottish Health Boards were invited by email to participate in an anonymous short online survey. The survey ran for 6 weeks from November 2019. One reminder email was sent a week before the survey closed. Results: 102 responses were recorded, representing 34% of the total whole time equivalent Radiologists in Scotland. All agreed Radiology should be taught to medical students. Over 70% (n = 73) taught medical students, most often during supporting professional activity time. 76 percent of Radiologists who did not teach expressed a desire to do so. The most common barrier to teaching was not having enough time in their job plan. Scottish Radiologists delivered a median of 10 h (IQR 0–22) a year of teaching to medical students. Thematic analysis of free comments revealed staffing/time constraints severely limiting ability to teach. Conclusion: This is the first national survey to assess the current role of Radiologists in teaching medical students. While most are teaching or want to teach, there is a large drop-off between current Scottish and previously reported UK median teaching hours. Engagement from Universities, Royal College of Radiologists and Health Boards is urgently needed to reverse this trend. Advances in knowledge: This is the first national survey into the current role of Radiologists in undergraduate medical education. There is a large drop-off between current Scottish and previously reported UK median teaching hours.

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What medical students think about measurement of their wellbeing and the implications for pastoral support: cross sectional survey and qualitative interviews

10.1101/2021.08.24.21262526 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gemma Simons ◽

Raymond Effah ◽

David Baldwin

Keyword(s):

Medical Student ◽

Medical Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

Teaching Quality ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

National Medical ◽

The Individual

Objectives To find out how, why and when medical students think wellbeing should be measured. Design A mixed methods study comprising a cross-sectional online survey (November 2020-March 2021) and semi-structured on-line interviews. Views on the frequency of availability for measurement, the format, type and purpose of measurement, and with whom wellbeing should be discussed were measured. When an outcome was scored 7-9 on a 9-point Likert scale of agreement by ≥75% of participants it was considered critical, in line with COMET and GRADE processes for rating recommendations. Inductive thematic analysis was undertaken on the interview transcripts by two independent researchers. Setting All Medicine programmes at University of Southampton. Participants Medical students from all years took part in the survey (n=118) and interviews (n=16). Results Participant demographics were similar to national medical student demographics. Most participants (94%) felt able to give 5 minutes to measure their wellbeing at least once a month. No single format of measurement was rated critical. Research, governance and individual feedback all reached the 75% threshold for the purpose being considered critically important. Only subjective assessments undertaken by the individual in real-time were rated as critically important (78.1%) measurement tools. Students selected that they would discuss their wellbeing with other medical students (n=87) nearly as often as they selected a member of the Faculty (n=104). Top determinants of wellbeing picked by medical students were energy, ability to do activities of daily living, and negative feelings. Five interview themes further explained these findings. Conclusions Five recommendations about self-care teaching, quality-assured pastoral and peer support, proactive wellbeing check-ins and demographic data are discussed in light of these findings. Methods to achieve them are suggested, which are medical student-centred, and which make use of existing resources.

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Medical Students’ Attitudes Towards Cardiothoracic Surgery in the United Kingdom: A Cross-Sectional Survey of 1675 Students

Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development ◽

10.1177/23821205211072722 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 238212052110727

Author(s):

Samiullah Dost ◽

Lana Al-Nusair ◽

Mai Shehab ◽

Arwa Hagana ◽

Aleena Hossain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Extracurricular Activities ◽

Online Survey ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Medical Schools ◽

Cardiothoracic Surgery ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Students Attitudes ◽

Survey Responses

Objectives The objectives of this study were the following: (i) assess interest levels in cardiothoracic surgery (CTS) among UK-based medical students, (ii) identify potential motivators and barriers to pursuing CTS training, (iii) explore the influence of gender on interest in CTS in greater depth. Methods Medical students from all year groups across UK medical schools were invited to participate in a cross-sectional, national online survey. Responses were collected from 02/12/2019 to 08/12/2019. Results 1675 medical students from 31 UK medical schools responded, with an estimated 5.3% response rate. Of the respondents, 33.7% respondents reported having exposure to CTS, primarily through their medical school or through extracurricular activities (48.4% and 38.8%, respectively). When assessing interest in CTS, 31.4% were interested in undertaking a career in CTS, with a larger proportion of students expressing interest with no exposure to CTS than those with exposure. However, interest in pursuing CTS decreased with exposure as medical students transitioned from pre-clinical to clinical stages. Additionally, male participants were more interested in seeking a CTS post than their female counterparts (38% vs. 27.6%). The length of training ( p = 0.0009) and competitive nature ( p < 0.0001) of gaining a CTS post were the primary deterring factor for female participants, compared to their male counterparts. Conclusions This study shows the importance of quality of exposure and its impact on students’ interests in pursuing a career in CTS. The negative relationship between exposure and interest in CTS can be associated with the realisation of the challenges that come with pursuing CTS.

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COVIDReady2 Study Protocol: Cross-sectional Survey of Medical Student Volunteering and Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United Kingdom

10.1101/2021.02.24.21252103 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Matthew H V Byrne ◽

James Ashcroft ◽

Laith Alexander ◽

Jonathan C M Wan ◽

Anmol Arora ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Education ◽

Medical Students ◽

Learning Experience ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Clinical Support ◽

Qualitative Responses ◽

Education Opportunity

Background and objectives: Covid-19 has led to global disruption of healthcare. Many students volunteered to provide clinical support. Volunteering to work in a clinical capacity was a unique medical education opportunity; however, it is unknown whether this was a positive learning experience or which volunteering roles were of most benefit to students. Methods and Design: The COVIDReady2 study is a national cross-sectional study of all medical students at UK medical schools. The primary outcome is to explore the experiences of medical students who volunteered during the pandemic in comparison to those who did not. We will compare responses to determine the educational benefit and issues they faced. In addition to quantitative analysis, thematic analysis will be used to identify themes in qualitative responses. Discussion: There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that service roles have potential to enhance medical education; yet, there is a shortage of studies able to offer practical advice for how these roles may be incorporated in future medical education. We anticipate that this study will help to identify volunteer structures that have been beneficial for students, so that similar infrastructures can be used in the future, and help inform medical education in a non-pandemic setting.

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The effect of COVID-19 on medical students’ education and wellbeing: a cross-sectional survey

Canadian Medical Education Journal ◽

10.36834/cmej.71261 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hassan ElHawary ◽

Ali Salimi ◽

Natasha Barone ◽

Peter Alam ◽

Stephanie Thibaudeau

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

Leisure Activities ◽

Prior History ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Health Habits ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Canadian Medical School ◽

History Of

Background: Canadian medical school curriculums have undergone major restructuring during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study’s goal was to assess the perceived impact of COVID-19 on medical students’ education and wellbeing. Methods: An online survey was distributed to Canadian medical students. Descriptive analyses and ANOVAs were used to assess changes in mental health, health habits and quality of education during the pandemic. Results: 248 medical students from 13 schools across Canada participated in this study. 74% reported a reduction in the quality of their education since COVID-19. 58% of students found online to be inferior to in-person teaching. 65% of students had more time for wellness and leisure activities, about half of the cohort felt more depressed (48%) and lonelier (52%). Student’s overall health habits worsened after the start of the pandemic (F=37.4, p < 0.001). Alcohol drinking, time spent seated, and screen time also increased since the pandemic (p < 0.001). During the pandemic, students with a prior history of depression or anxiety expressed increased depressive symptoms (66% vs. 42%, p =0.003), increased anxiety (69% vs. 41%, p < 0001), worse sleep quality (34% vs. 18%, p = 0.031), and poorer quality of life (55% vs. 65%, p = 0.024) versus those with no prior history. Conclusion: Canadian medical student’s education and wellbeing has been negatively impacted during the pandemic.

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