scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in pregnancy women: results from two cohort studies in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Mei ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Junwei Li ◽  
Dan Zhang ◽  
Zhongqiang Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic led to a global atmosphere of anxiety and depression. However, the impact of this disaster on mental health in pregnancy women was not clear. Methods Based on two cohort study, the Novel Coronavirus Disease Influenced Pregnant Cohort Study (NCP) set up during the COVID-19 epidemic and the Healthy Baby Cohort Study (HBC) set up in 2012, we compared the anxiety, depression and stress levels of pregnant women who did not or did go through the COVID-19 pandemic and analyzed the risk factors for mental health in pregnancy women. Results There were 784 and 2448 participants in the CNP and HBC studies involved in the analysis, respectively. We found that there were 23.09% and 4.72% pregnant women suffering for mild and moderate-to-several anxieties for those in the NCP study, and 21.53% and 3.06% in the HBC study. The mild and moderate-to-several depression rate was 25.89% and 11.35% for those in the NCP study, and 19.81% and 0.51% for those in the HBC study, respectively. No significant difference was found for anxiety, depression and stress levels was found at each gestational trimester (p > 0.05). The pandemic of COVID-19 was significantly associated with maternal depression and stress (p < 0.05), with the co-efficient and 95%CI as 0.37 (0.18, 0.55) and − 0.12 (-0.09, -0.32), respectively. Pregnant women with pre-pregnancy obesity, higher educational level or good sleep quality might have lower risks for anxiety, depression and stress compared with the referenced groups. conclusions The pandemic had a huge impact on depression, especially moderate-to-sever level, in pregnant women at whatever gestational week; and that pre-pregnancy obesity, highly educated and sleep well ones had less anxiety and depression risks. The society, especially the family members, should pay more attention to pregnant ones and give more social support to them.

scholarly journals Planning for a cohort study to investigate the impact and management of influenza in pregnancy in a future pandemic

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Knight ◽  
Peter Brocklehurst ◽  
Pat O’Brien ◽  
Maria A Quigley ◽  
Jennifer J Kurinczuk
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Steering Committee ◽  
Pandemic Strain ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

BackgroundEvidence from the 2009 A/H1N1 influenza pandemic demonstrated that pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to infection and at an increased risk of death. Active data collection through the UK Obstetric Surveillance System (UKOSS) about women admitted to hospital during the 2009 A/H1N1 pandemic was used to inform ongoing clinical guidance regarding the use of antiviral treatment for pregnant women and demonstrated that, in addition to an increased risk of maternal morbidity, influenza infection in pregnancy is associated with poor perinatal outcomes, including an increased risk of stillbirth and preterm birth. This evidence influenced the decision to offer routine influenza immunisation to pregnant women. Even in a non-epidemic period, pregnant women continue to die from influenza.ObjectiveTo establish, and then to put into hibernation, the study mechanisms needed to mount a rapid investigation of the impact of pandemic influenza in pregnancy in the event of a newly emerging pandemic strain.DesignA new UKOSS cohort study was designed, based on the 2009–10 study, and following consultation with the Pandemic Flu Planning Group at the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and the UKOSS Steering Committee, to identify potential previously unanswered questions.SettingUK maternity units.ParticipantsAll pregnant women admitted to hospital with influenza in a future pandemic.Main outcome measuresManagement of pregnant women with influenza infection, intervention rates, treatment and pregnancy outcome for both the mother and fetus.ResultsThe study was designed and approved by the UKOSS Steering Committee and then placed into hibernation for activation in the event of an influenza pandemic.ConclusionsPregnant women, as a result of their changed immunological status, appear to be particularly susceptible to infection, including from influenza. The existence of the UKOSS enabled us to rapidly mount a study of pregnant women who were hospitalised with 2009 A/H1N1 influenza. Minor modifications to incorporate previously unanswered questions and our previous study enabled us to design, and then put into hibernation, a new study ready to investigate the impact and management of influenza in pregnancy, which is poised for activation in the event of a newly emerging pandemic strain. This will enable real-time data to be available on which to base rapid changes in clinical management as the as-yet-unforeseen pandemic unfolds. In the event of an influenza pandemic the study will be available to be immediately activated following expedited regulatory approvals.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN44137563.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme.

scholarly journals The Impact of Maryam Exercise Towards the Stress Level and Cortisol Serum Level among Primiparous Pregnant Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 598-607
Author(s):  
Maya Erisna ◽  
Runjati Runjati ◽  
Apoina Kartini ◽  
Mahalul Azam ◽  
Donny Kristanto Mulyantoro
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

Women are more at risk to stress in pregnancy than during the puerperium. One method of coping with stress is through physical exercise. Maryam Exercise can be used as an alternative to the development of pregnancy exercises in Indonesia because it covers the holistic aspects and easy to do. It is a combination of basic pregnancy exercises, Islamic prayer (Salat) movements and dhikr.  The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of Maryam exercise on the stress levels and cortisol serum levels among primiparous pregnant women. This study used a quasi-experimental study design, pre-test and post-test with non-equivalent control group. In the third trimester of 40 primiparous women  were randomly assigned into two groups such the experimental group (n=20) and the control group (n=20). The experimental group received the Maryam exercise while the control group received the standard antenatal exercise. There was a significant difference in stress levels between the intervention group and the control group before and after receiving the intervention (p <0.05). The cortisol levels also showed the significance difference between the intervention group and the control group before and after receiving the intervention (p <0.05). The findings of this study suggest that Maryam Exercise has a positive impact on stress levels and cortisol serum levels of primiparous pregnant women.

scholarly journals Maternal mental health and partner delivered massage: a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Hall ◽  
N Munk ◽  
B Carr ◽  
S Fogarty ◽  
S Holton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Stress Management ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Management Program ◽  
The Self ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Management Program ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Abstract Background Mental health problems place a significant burden on the health system and are an important public health issue. Many pregnant women experience anxiety and depression, which can negatively impact health outcomes for both mother and baby. Partner-delivered massage may provide a cost effective and accessible approach to support the mental wellbeing of pregnant women. Methods A feasibility randomised controlled trial was conducted to compare partner-delivered relaxation massage (intervention) with a self-directed stress management program (control), for pregnant women with mild anxiety. Women attended an initial workshop at 28-32 weeks gestation, followed by the completion of either the self-directed massage or stress management program. Qualitative feasibility and acceptability data (primary outcomes) were collected via online participant diaries and post-birth interviews. Anxiety, depression and stress symptoms (secondary outcomes) were assessed using the Depression and Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). Results 14 women/partner dyads attended the partner- delivered massage group and 13 women attended the self-directed stress management group. Participants from both groups reported the programs were feasible and acceptable. Mean scores on all DASS-21 subscales significantly decreased over time in both the intervention and the control group. Conclusions The partner-delivered massage program was feasible and acceptable. Both programs decreased women's symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress, with no significant between-group differences identified. An adequately powered, experimental study is needed to determine the effectiveness of partner-delivered relaxation massage. Key messages Many women experience anxiety and depression during pregnancy and this can have a negative impact on both mother and baby. Partner-delivered relaxation massage, at least once a week in the third trimester, may help reduce women’s symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress.

scholarly journals Associations between plasma protein, IgG and IgA N-glycosylation and metabolic health markers in pregnancy and gestational diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Štambuk ◽  
Domagoj Kifer ◽  
Lea Duvnjak ◽  
Marijana Vučić Lovrenčić ◽  
Olga Gornik
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Protein Glycosylation ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background. Monitoring of the human circulating N-glycome could provide valuable insight into an individual’s metabolic status. Therefore, we examined if aberrant carbohydrate metabolism in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) associates with alterations in plasma protein, immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin A (IgA) N-glycosylation.Methods. Plasma protein, IgG and IgA N-glycans were enzymatically released, purified and chromatographically profiled in 48 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance and 41 pregnant women with GDM, all sampled at 24-28 weeks of gestation.Results. Fasting insulin exhibited significant associations to numerous glycan traits, including several plasma protein N-glycans bearing bisecting GlcNAc, afucosylated fully sialylated IgG glycan and fully sialylated triantennary IgA glycan (padj range: 7.66x10-05–1.15x10-02). Insulin resistance markers HOMA2-IR and HOMA2-%B were mostly associated to the same glycan structures as fasting insulin. Both markers also showed positive association with high-branched plasma glycans (padj=1.15x10-02 and 2.26x10-03) and negative association with low-branched plasma glycans (padj=1.25x10-02 and 2.27x10-03). Additionally, HOMA2-%B index was significantly related to the glycosylation features describing IgG sialylation. Multiple glycans showed significant associations with total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. None of the tested glycan traits showed a significant difference between GDM and normoglycemic pregnancies.Conclusion. Markers of glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism in pregnancy show extensive associations to various N-glycosylation features. However, plasma protein, IgG and IgA N-glycans were not able to differentiate pregnant women with and without GDM, possibly due to numerous physiological changes accompanying pregnancy, which confound the impact of GDM on protein glycosylation.

Psychological adversity in pregnancy: what works to improve outcomes?

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivette Glover ◽  
Jane Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Prenatal Stress ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Social Adversity ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

Purpose – Foetal programming is one of the key mechanisms by which physical and social adversity is biologically embedded during pregnancy. While early interest in such programming focused on the long-term impact of the mother's nutritional state on the child's later physical health, more recent research has identified an increased risk of psychopathology in children of women who have experienced stress, anxiety and depression during pregnancy. The purpose of this paper is to examine the literature addressing the impact of stress in pregnancy and the implications for practice. Design/methodology/approach – An overview of the literature has been provided. Findings – Both anxiety and depression in pregnancy are common, with a prevalence in the region of 20 per cent. Exposure in pregnancy to anxiety, depression and stress from a range of sources (e.g. bereavement, relationship problems, external disasters and war), is associated with a range of physical (e.g. congenital malformations, reduced birthweight and gestational age), neurodevelopmental, cognitive, and emotional and behavioural (e.g. ADHD, conduct disorder) problems. The magnitude is significant, with the attributable risk of childhood behaviour problems due to prenatal stress being between 10 and 15 per cent, and the variance in cognitive development due to prenatal stress being around 17 per cent. A range of methods of intervening are effective in improving both maternal anxiety and depression, and in the longer term should improve outcomes for the infant and child. Research limitations/implications – This research highlights the importance of intervening to support the psychological wellbeing of pregnant women to improve outcomes for infants and children, and points to the need for further research into innovative ways of working, particularly with high-risk groups of pregnant women. Originality/value – The paper provides an update of earlier overviews.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Physical Performance and Mental Health—A Retrospective Case Series of Belgian Male Professional Football Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jente Wagemans ◽  
Peter Catteeuw ◽  
Jan Vandenhouten ◽  
Jordi Jansen ◽  
Xander de Corte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Professional Athletes ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
The Impact

Rationale: As every season, physical performance of players of Royal Antwerp FC's first team was regularly tested and mental well-being and mood were assessed during football season 2020–2021. Just like in the general population, several professional athletes were infected by SARS-CoV-2 during that season. COVID-19 is a complex disorder affecting multiple body systems, potentially damaging lungs, affecting the cardiovascular system or causing muscle weakness. Therefore, the impact of COVID-19 on performance was a major concern for the affected football players and their entourage.Objectives: To retrospectively examine the influence of COVID-19 on physical performance and mental health in professional football athletes during the season 2020–2021.Methods: Thirty-three professional athletes (age: 25.37 ± 4.11 years; height: 182.75 ± 7.62 cm; weight: 78.90 ± 8.97 kg) of a Belgian first division football club were assessed weekly during the 2020-2021 season. Weekly assessments comprised strength values of the hamstrings, hip abductors and hip adductors, jump performance, a modified Hooper questionnaire to assess mental status and nose swab PCR tests for COVID-19. Data analysis was performed from 2 weeks prior to COVID-19 contamination up to 8 weeks after the first positive test. Post-hoc Bonferroni correction was applied when performing statistical analysis.Results: Eleven players tested positive for COVID-19. Duration of contamination was 13 ± 7 days. There was no statistically significant difference before and after COVID-19 infection for jump performance, and adductor and abductor muscle strength (p &gt; 0.05). Functional hamstring strength improved significantly 2 weeks (MD: 41.48; 95%CI: −3.79 to 86.75; p = 0.009) and 4 weeks (MD: 34.76; 95%CI: −8.91 to 78.42; p = 0.019) after COVID-19, whereas mood (MD: −0.60; 95%CI: −1.46 to 0.26; p = 0.041), stress levels (MD: −0.83; 95%CI: −1.85 to 0.20; p = 0.020) and total wellness (MD: −2.41; 95%CI: −5.25 to 0.43; p = 0.015) showed a significant reduction 8 weeks after confirmed COVID-19.Conclusion: Physical performance varied considerably across outcomes before and 8 weeks after COVID-19 contamination in a sample of first division football players. However, affected football players' overall well-being, stress levels and mood diminished after a positive COVID-19 test.

Rumination as a key to understanding anxiety and depression in cardiac patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Barbara Murphy ◽  
Lisa Phillips ◽  
Alun Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Cardiac Event ◽  
Mental Health Recovery ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cardiac Health ◽  
Mental Health Support ◽  
Health Support ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

It is now commonly understood that cardiac health professionals need to attend not only to patients' physical rehabilitation, but also to their emotional and mental health recovery. To ensure that mental health support is directed to those patients most at risk of poor psychological recovery post cardiac event, researchers and clinicians are continually seeking to understand the mechanisms underlying the association between anxiety, depression and heart health. One characteristic that differentiates patients with elevated risk of persistent post-event anxiety and depression is their style of cognitive processing, particularly whether they engage in negative ruminative thinking. In this article, the authors outline the impact of ruminative cognitive styles on anxiety and depression in cardiac event survivors, and highlight the importance of identifying ruminators early on in their recovery in order to appropriately direct and tailor mental health support for those who need it most.

Anxiety Depression and Burden among the Caregivers of Persons with Neurological Illness

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar Roy ◽  
Nilesh Maruti Gujar ◽  
Arif Ali ◽  
Utpal Borah
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Care Burden ◽  
Neurological Illness ◽  
Rehabilitation Sciences ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background: Studies have shown that caregivers of the persons with the neurological illness have high levels of psychological distress, depression and caregiver’s burden. The aim of the study was to find out anxiety, depression and caregiver’s burden among the caregivers of persons with neurological illness (PWNI). Method: Thirty caregivers of PWNI attending the Centre of Rehabilitation Sciences, LGB Regional Institute of Mental Health, Tezpur, Assam were selected using purposive sampling technique for the present study. Socio-demographic and clinical data sheet, Zarit Burden Interview Scale and The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used. Results: The results shown that in Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, 26.6% of the caregivers' scores were in the abnormal range in the domain of depression. While in the domain of anxiety, 16.6% scored in the abnormal range. In Zarit Burden of Scale, 13.3% of the caregivers were having little or no burden, 26.6% of the caregivers were having mild to moderate level of burden, 20% were having moderate to severe burden and 30% were having a severe burden of care. Care burden has significant positive correlation with depression (r= .124, p≤ 0.01 and anxiety (r= .124, p≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Caregivers of PWNI have been found to be at higher risk of mental health problems and care burden. The importance of addressing the burden of caregivers involved in the care of PWNI need to be taken into consideration while providing treatment and rehabilitation of PWNI.     Keywords: Anxiety, depression, burden, neurological illness

scholarly journals Caribbean Consortium for Research in Environmental and Occupational Health (CCREOH) Cohort Study: influences of complex environmental exposures on maternal and child health in Suriname

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e034702
Author(s):  
Wilco Zijlmans ◽  
Jeffrey Wickliffe ◽  
Ashna Hindori-Mohangoo ◽  
Sigrid MacDonald-Ottevanger ◽  
Paul Ouboter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fish Consumption ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Environmental Exposures ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Environmental And Occupational Health

PurposeThe Caribbean Consortium for Research in Environmental and Occupational Health prospective environmental epidemiologic cohort study addresses the impact of chemical and non-chemical environmental exposures on mother/child dyads in Suriname. The study determines associations between levels of environmental elements and toxicants in pregnant women, and birth outcomes and neurodevelopment in their children.ParticipantsPregnant women (N=1143) were enrolled from December 2016 to July 2019 from three regions of Suriname: Paramaribo (N=738), Nickerie (N=204) and the tropical rainforest interior (N=201). Infants (N=992) were enrolled at birth. Follow-up will take place until children are 48 months old.Findings to dateBiospecimens and questionnaire data on physiological and psychosocial health in pregnant women have been analysed. 39.1% had hair mercury (Hg) levels exceeding values considered safe by international standards. Median hair Hg concentrations in women from Paramaribo (N=522) were 0.64 µg/g hair (IQRs 0.36–1.09; range 0.00–7.12), from Nickerie (N=176) 0.73 µg/g (IQR 0.45–1.05; range 0.00–5.79) and the interior (N=178) 3.48 µg/g (IQR 1.92–7.39; range 0.38–18.20). 96.1% of women ate fish, respective consumption of the three most consumed carnivorous species, Hoplias aimara, Serrasalmus rhombeus and Cichla ocellaris, known to have high Hg levels, was 44.4%, 19.3% and 26.3%, respectively, and was greater among the interior subcohort. 89% frequently consumed the vegetable tannia, samples of which showed presence of worldwide banned pesticides. 24.9% of pregnant women had Edinburgh Depression Scale scores indicative of probable depression.Future plansFish consumption advisories are in development, especially relevant to interior women for whom fish consumption is likely to be the primary source of Hg exposure. Effects of potentially beneficial neuroprotective factors in fish that may counter neurotoxic effects of Hg are being examined. A pesticide literacy assessment in pregnant women is in progress. Neurodevelopmental assessments and telomere length measurements of the children to evaluate long-term effects of prenatal exposures to toxicant mixtures are ongoing.

scholarly journals Hybrid cardiac rehabilitation program as a potential enhancer of adherence to cardiac rehabilitation in smoking patients with coronary heart disease - a retrospective single-centre analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Cabral ◽  
R Santos ◽  
F Januario ◽  
A Antunes ◽  
R Fonseca-Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has well known beneficial effects on physical capacity, health-related quality of life, morbidity and mortality following an acute cardiac event. It is also known that smoking status is a powerful predictor of recurrent cardiovascular disease events. However, it has been noted that smoker patients may be less likely to access or complete CR. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of anxiety and depression and its improvement, depending on the smoking status of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) on phase 2 of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Program (CRP). Additionally, we intend to investigate the mental health impact on smoker patients" group in conventional CR versus telemonitored CR. A retrospective study was conducted and patients in CRP between 2017 and 2020 were included. Patient selection and information collection were obtained through medical records. The outcomes of anxiety and depression were evaluated through the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 for non-smokers or ex-smokers and group 2 for smokers. For group 2 patients, a sub-analysis was performed for patients following the conventional CR versus the telemonitored CR, with the use of MOVIDA mobile application. Variables were analysed in the beginning (T0) and in the end (T1) of phase 2, around 3 months after. Group comparisons tests and statistical analysis were performed using SPSS software v25.0. A p-value less than 0.05 is statistically significant.  We analysed 107 patients, which 93 of these were assiduous and 69 concluded the phase 2 of CRP: 39 patients in group 1 and 30 patients in group 2. Two groups have similar baseline characteristics, except for the higher presence of diabetes (p = 0.02) in group 1. It was noted an improvement in both anxiety and depression items for group 1 (p &lt; 0.01 for both), but only for anxiety item for group 2 (p = 0.03). In subgroup analysis, we observed no improvement for smoking patients following the conventional CR for both anxiety and depression items (p = 0.60 and p = 0.71, respectably) versus a significant difference in telemonitored CR patients (p = 0.02 and p = 0.04). We hypothesise that, when compared to conventional CR, cardiac telemonitored exercise using modern communication methods may result in an improved mental health state among smoking patients, which can lead to a better adherence for CRP. Further studies including more patients and phase 3 of CRP are needed to confirm these results.

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