scholarly journals Supplementation of Micronutrients Against COVID-19.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajaya Kumar Ayyappan Unnithan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Proven Efficacy ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background and Objectives: There is no pharmacological treatment with proven efficacy against coronavirus disease-19. Certain micronutrients have roles in the maintenance of an effective immune system. From the point of view of public health, it will be good to adopt a nutrional strategy to enhance the immunity of the general population against viral diseases. Method and Study design: A review was done to now the evidence for the antiviral and immunomodulatory properties of micronutrients. A search was done in Pubmed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for the nutrients with proven effect against viral infection. Experimental studies, clinical studies, reviews, and meta-analyses were studied descripitively.Results: There are experimental studies about the effects of micronutrients against viral infection. Vitamins such as A, B6, B12, C, D, E, and folate, and trace elements such as zinc, selenium, iron, magnesium, and copper boost the immune response. The antioxidants like vitamin C and vitamin E can help in controlling the ‘cytokine storm’, produced by excessive inflammation. Vitamin D can increase anti-inflammatory cytokines. Selenium and zinc can protect the lungs in acute respiratory distress syndrome. There are many meta-analyses on the randomized controlled trials (RCT) about the effect of micronutrients on viral infection. The analyses of the trials supplementing vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, and selenium have shown significance. Conclusions: There is level 2A evidence for the beneficial effects of vitamins and micronutrients in modulating the immunity against viral infections. So a programme for nutritional supplementation of these can help in fighting the pandemic.

scholarly journals Supplementation of Micronutrients Against COVID-19.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajaya Kumar Ayyappan Unnithan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Proven Efficacy ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background and Objectives: There is no pharmacological treatment with proven efficacy against coronavirus disease-19. Certain micronutrients have roles in the maintenance of an effective immune system. From the point of view of public health, it will be good to adopt a nutrional strategy to enhance the immunity of the general population against viral diseases.Method and Study design: A review was done to now the evidence for the antiviral and immunomodulatory properties of micronutrients. A search was done in Pubmed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for the nutrients with proven effect against viral infection. Experimental studies, clinical studies, reviews, and meta-analyses were studied descripitively.Results: There are experimental studies about the effects of micronutrients against viral infection. Vitamins such as A, B6, B12, C, D, E, and folate, and trace elements such as zinc, selenium, iron, magnesium, and copper boost the immune response. The antioxidants like vitamin C and vitamin E can help in controlling the ‘cytokine storm’, produced by excessive inflammation. Vitamin D can increase anti-inflammatory cytokines. Selenium and zinc can protect the lungs in acute respiratory distress syndrome. There are many meta-analyses on the randomized controlled trials (RCT) about the effect of micronutrients on viral infection. The analyses of the trials supplementing vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, and selenium have shown significance. Conclusions: There is level 2A evidence for the beneficial effects of vitamins and micronutrients in improving the immunity against viral infections. So a programme for nutritional supplementation of these can help in fighting the pandemic.

scholarly journals Vitamin D receptor, vitamin D binding protein and CYP27B1 single nucleotide polymorphisms and susceptibility to viral infections in infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Zacharioudaki ◽  
Ippokratis Messaritakis ◽  
Emmanouil Galanakis
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Vitamin D Receptor ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Vitamin D Binding Protein ◽  
Single Nucleotide

AbstractThe role of vitamin D in innate and adaptive immunity is recently under investigation. In this study we explored the potential association of genetic variances in vitamin D pathway and infections in infancy. Τhis prospective case–control study included infants 0–24 months with infection and age-matched controls. The single nucleotide polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene (BsmI, FokI, ApaI, TaqI), vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) (Gc gene, rs7041, rs4588) and CYP27B1 (rs10877012) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. In total 132 infants were enrolled, of whom 40 with bacterial and 52 with viral infection, and 40 healthy controls. As compared to controls, ΤaqI was more frequent in infants with viral infection compared to controls (p = 0.03, OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.1–3.58). Moreover, Gc1F was more frequent in the control group compared to infants with viral infection (p = 0.007, OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.3–5.6). No significant differences were found regarding the genetic profile for VDR and VDBP in infants with bacterial infection compared to the controls and also regarding CYP27B1 (rs10877012) between the studied groups. Genotypic differences suggest that vitamin D pathway might be associated with the host immune response against viral infections in infancy.

scholarly journals Association of vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E and risk of bladder cancer: a dose-response meta-analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuqiang Chen ◽  
Qingshu Li ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Wenrong Yang ◽  
Fei Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Meta Analysis

Beneficial effects of vitamin C and vitamin E on reserpine-induced oral dyskinesia in rats: Critical role of striatal catalase activity

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 993-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rulian Ricardo Faria ◽  
Vanessa Costhek Abílio ◽  
Christian Grassl ◽  
Cibele Cristina Chinen ◽  
Luciana Takahashi Ribeiro Negrão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Oral Dyskinesia

scholarly journals A CRITICAL REVIEW ON HYPOTHESIS, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF SCHIZOPHRENIA, AND ROLE OF VITAMINS IN ITS MANAGEMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Rosmi Jose ◽  
Venketeswaramurthy N ◽  
Sambath Kumar R
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase ◽  
Vitamin Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Main Effects

This review describes about the literatures addressing the role of vitamin supplementation in schizophrenia. Evidence is suggesting that vitamin supplementation includes Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Vitamin B complex, and Vitamin C may be important in treatment. In schizophrenia, patients may have increased level of homocysteine (Hcy), due to the polymorphism in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and hypofunction of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. The vitamins main effects are reduced the Hcy level and maintain dopamine and serotonin levels. Add-on treatment with high-dose B vitamins including B6, B9, and B12 and also Vitamin D can significantly reduce symptoms of schizophrenia more than standard treatments alone.

scholarly journals Vitamin C as a Modulator of the Response to Cancer Therapy

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiktoria Blaszczak ◽  
Wojciech Barczak ◽  
Julia Masternak ◽  
Przemysław Kopczyński ◽  
Anatoly Zhitkovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Aerobic Glycolysis ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Prolyl Hydroxylases ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Preferential Uptake ◽  
High Doses

Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) has been gaining attention as a potential treatment for human malignancies. Various experimental studies have shown the ability of pharmacological doses of vitamin C alone or in combinations with clinically used drugs to exert beneficial effects in various models of human cancers. Cytotoxicity of high doses of vitamin C in cancer cells appears to be related to excessive reactive oxygen species generation and the resulting suppression of the energy production via glycolysis. A hallmark of cancer cells is a strongly upregulated aerobic glycolysis, which elevates its relative importance as a source of ATP (Adenosine 5′-triphosphate). Aerobic glycolysis is maintained by a highly increased uptake of glucose, which is made possible by the upregulated expression of its transporters, such as GLUT-1, GLUT-3, and GLUT-4. These proteins can also transport the oxidized form of vitamin C, dehydroascorbate, permitting its preferential uptake by cancer cells with the subsequent depletion of critical cellular reducers as a result of ascorbate formation. Ascorbate also has a potential to affect other aspects of cancer cell metabolism due to its ability to promote reduction of iron(III) to iron(II) in numerous cellular metalloenzymes. Among iron-dependent dioxygenases, important targets for stimulation by vitamin C in cancer include prolyl hydroxylases targeting the hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-1/HIF-2 and histone and DNA demethylases. Altered metabolism of cancer cells by vitamin C can be beneficial by itself and promote activity of specific drugs.

Experimental Viral Infections of the Inner Ear

1982 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry E. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Hematogenous Spread ◽  
Reovirus Type ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Intraperitoneal Inoculation

Rubella, cytomegalovirus, mumps, and rubeola viruses cause deafness in man and are believed to reach the inner ear through viremic spread. Although several experimental studies of viral infection of the inner ear have been described, all require the virus inoculum to reach the labyrinth directly rather than through hematogenous spread. In this model, reovirus, type 3, infected the cell bodies of cochlear and vestibular ganglia of infant hamsters following a viremia induced by intraperitoneal inoculation. This model provides the first experimental evidence for viremic spread to the inner ear.

scholarly journals Antioxidant intake from diet and supplements and risk of digestive cancers in middle-aged adults: results from the prospective NutriNet-Santé cohort

2017 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. 541-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manon Egnell ◽  
Philippine Fassier ◽  
Lucie Lécuyer ◽  
Rebeca Gonzalez ◽  
Laurent Zelek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Digestive Cancer ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Digestive Cancers

AbstractExperimental studies suggest beneficial effects of antioxidants in digestive cancer prevention. However, epidemiological results are contrasting and few studies quantitatively assessed supplemental intake. This study aimed at investigating the associations between antioxidant intakes (dietary, supplemental and total) and digestive cancer risk. This prospective study included 38 812 middle-aged subjects (≥45 years) from the NutriNet-Santé cohort (2009–2016). Dietary data were collected using repeated 24 h records. A specific questionnaire assessed dietary supplement use over a 12-month period. A composition database of about 8000 dietary supplements was developed. Associations between continuous and sex-specific quartiles of vitamins C and E, β-carotene and Se intakes and digestive cancer risk were characterised using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. A total of 167 incident digestive cancers (120 colorectal, twenty-six pancreatic, nine oesophagus, seven stomach and five liver) were diagnosed during follow-up investigation. Dietary (hazard ratios (HR)Q4 v. Q1=0·56; 95 % CI 0·34, 0·91, Ptrend=0·01) and total (HRQ4 v. Q1=0·51; 95 % CI 0·30, 0·84, Ptrend=0·008) vitamin C intakes, dietary (HRQ4 v. Q1=0·56; 95 % CI 0·34, 0·92, Ptrend=0·005) and total (HRQ4 v. Q1=0·58; 95 % CI 0·36, 0·94, Ptrend=0·003) vitamin E intakes, and dietary (HRfor an increment of 10 µg/d=0·92; 95 % CI 0·85, 1·00, P=0·04) and total (HRfor an increment of 10 µg/d=0·92; 95 % CI 0·86, 0·99, P=0·03) Se intakes were associated with a decreased digestive cancer risk. Statistically significant interactions were observed between dietary and total Se intakes and alcohol consumption as well as between total vitamin E intake and smoking status. This prospective cohort study with quantitative assessment of supplemental intakes suggests a potential protective effect of several antioxidants (vitamins C and E and Se) on digestive cancer risk, and a modulation of some of these relationships by alcohol consumption and smoking status.

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