scholarly journals Proportion optimization of grouting materials for roadways with soft surrounding mass

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guorui Feng ◽  
Chenliang Hao ◽  
Pengfei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Reducing Agent ◽  
Mixture Ratio ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Performance Indexes ◽  
Grouting Material

Abstract Severe deformation and failure frequently occur in roadways with soft or weak surrounding rock and have greatly influenced safe and efficient mining of coal in many coal mines. Using portland cement, emery and fly ash as main raw materials, through laboratory tests, effect of water/binder ratio, cement/sand ratio, water/sodium silicate ratio, water reducing agent, fly ash/cement ratio and various performance indexes of grout of fluidity, viscosity, setting time, bleeding rate, compressive strength, concretion rate and various performance indexes were systematically analyzed. An optimized mixture ratio of the main raw materials added in the grouting material proportion was determined through uniform design method, an optimal mixture ratio was determined by regression analysis. The results show that: 1) The flow performance is significantly affected by change of sodium silicate and water reducer, the compressive strength of grouting material increases significantly with increase in emery content, and decreases significantly with increase in water reducer. 2) An optimized mixture ratio among water cement ratio, cement sand ratio, water/sodium silicate ratio, water reducing agent, fly ash/cement ratio in the grouting material is 0.75, 1.2, 8%, 3% and 0.18, respectively. Field test demonstrated that the material has better performance in reinforcing weak and broken rock mass.

Experimental Research on Mixture Ratio and Mechanical Properties of Unburned Brick with Shell Ash and Fly Ash

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 3299-3304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Jian Sun ◽  
Mei Ling Tian ◽  
Yan Feng Fang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Mixture Ratio ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Freezing And Thawing Cycles

The unfired bricks which regarded as a new green wall material are produced by fly ash, shell ash (renewable resources), cement and lime as the main raw materials, and together with the chemical activator. The essential mixture ratio is designed on the experimental result of its mechanical properties and durability. The bricks are water conserved in the condition of normal temperature and pressure. We respectively research the compressive and flexural strength and frost resistance of the unburned brick. The results show that the optimum mixture ratio for unburned bricks are: fly ash 41%, cement 25%, lime 15%, shell ash 15%, gypsum 4%, SBR 3%, fiber 0.10%, water-reducing admixture 0.5%, sand cement ratio 0.5 and water cement ratio 0.3. We obtain the properties of unburned bricks that produced by vibration with the optimum mixture ratio. The minimum compressive strength of one brick more than 30MPa, the mass loss of one brick after 15 times freezing and thawing cycles is only 1%, and the compressive strength after frost reaches 26MPa, the overall performance of bricks can satisfy the requirement of " China Fly Ash Brick " standard.

Effect of Borax on Lightweight Material from Cullet and Fly Ash

2016 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutthima Sriprasertsuk ◽  
Phatthiya Suwannason ◽  
Wanna T. Saengchantara
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Heat Process ◽  
Lightweight Material

This work investigated the recycling of fly ash waste and cullet as the raw materials for lightweight bodies produced by heat treatment and using sodium silicate as the binder. Borax was mixed with fly ash and cullet, and put into the block in dimension 10x10x2 cm3. The lightweight materials thus produced were then sintered at temperature of 800 °C. Density, compressive strength and thermal conductivity were determined. Borax showed a positive sintering effect on the porosity of lightweight material during the heat process. The compressive strength of lightweight material diminished with the reduction of density and thermal conductivity. Lightweight material manufactured with borax showed the lower density and thermal conductivity accompanied by the higher compressive strength. The test results indicated that using fly ash and cullet as the raw material with borax could obtain the lightweight material, thus enhancing the possibility of its reuse in a sustainable way.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Different Superplasticizers and Retarders on Properties of ‘One-Part’ Fly Ash-Slag Blended Geopolymers with Different Activators

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Hau Bong ◽  
Behzad Nematollahi ◽  
Ali Nazari ◽  
Ming Xia ◽  
Jay Sanjayan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Sodium Metasilicate ◽  
Hardened Properties ◽  
The One ◽  
Positive Effect

Currently, there are a very limited number of studies on the effect of admixtures on properties of ‘one-part’ geopolymers. This paper reports the effects of different superplasticizers and retarders on fresh and hardened properties of one-part fly ash-slag blended geopolymers made by different solid activators. Two different grades of sodium silicate, namely anhydrous sodium metasilicate powder (nSiO2/nNa2O = 0.9) and GD Grade sodium silicate powder (nSiO2/nNa2O = 2.0) were used as the solid activators. Five different commercially available superplasticizers, including three modified polycarboxylate-based superplasticizers (denoted as PC1, PC2, and PC3) and two naphthalene-based superplasticizers (denoted as N1 and N2), as well as three different retarders, including sucrose, anhydrous borax and a commercially available retarder, were investigated. Workability, setting time and compressive strength of the mixtures without and with addition of each ‘individual’ admixture were measured. The results showed the effect of admixtures on the properties of the one-part geopolymers significantly depended on the type of solid activator and the type of admixture used. When GD Grade sodium silicate powder was used as the solid activator, all investigated admixtures not only had no positive effect on the workability and setting time, but also significantly reduced the compressive strength of the mixture. However, when anhydrous sodium metasilicate powder was used as the solid activator, the PC1 and sucrose were the best performing superplasticizer and retarder, respectively, causing no reduction in the compressive strength, but significant increase in the workability (up to + 72%) and setting time (up to + 111%), respectively as compared to the mixture with no admixture. In addition, the results also showed that addition of ‘combined’ admixtures (i.e., PC1 in the presence of sucrose) significantly increased the workability (up to + 39%) and setting time (up to + 141%), but slightly reduced the compressive strength (−16%) of the mixture activated by anhydrous sodium metasilicate powder, as compared to the mixture with no admixture.

Study on Preparation and the Setting Time of Magnesium Phosphate Cement

2014 ◽  
Vol 1049-1050 ◽  
pp. 251-255
Author(s):  
Run Qing Liu ◽  
Ding Qiang Chen ◽  
Tian Bo Hou
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Magnesium Phosphate ◽  
Mixture Ratio ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Orthogonal Analysis ◽  
Optimal Mixture Ratio

This paper mainly researched on preparation and the setting time of Magnesium Phosphate Cement (MPC). The method of orthogonal experiment was adapted to determine the best ratio of MPC, and change the content and types of the material according to the influence of various factors, so as to get the longer setting time of MPC. The results showed that, when the water cement ratio is 0.12, the factors significantly influencing the setting time is magnesium phosphorus ratio (M/P), fly ash and borax. The optimal mixture ratio was obtained through the orthogonal analysis, namely M/P is 3/1, borax content is 16%, and the amount of fly ash is 40%. When M/P is 1/1 and 2/2, borax content is not more than 22%, and the amount of fly ash was less than 60%, the longer setting time of MPC can be produced.

Study of Manufacture Process and Properties of Tailings and Slag Based Mine Filling Cementitious Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 734-737 ◽  
pp. 1077-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Xia Zhang ◽  
Shu Xian Liu ◽  
Jun Xie
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Manufacture Process ◽  
Alkali Activated

The tailings and slag based mine filling cementitious materials was prepared by sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide alkali-activated tailings and slag. Through the test that the cementing materials in the best ratio of raw materials: when slag and tailings admixture is 1.25, the content of NaOH was 50%, the amount of sodium hydroxide for 50%, water cement ratio of 0.22, under the condition of normal temperature curing 7 days, eventually making a compressive strength of 52.3MPa cementing materials.

scholarly journals Properties and Engineering Applications of a New Goaf Grouting Filling Material

Geofluids ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Xiao Feng ◽  
Chong Xia ◽  
Sifeng Zhang ◽  
Chuangui Li ◽  
Hongkui Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Traffic Engineering ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Skeletal Structure ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Technical Problems

In the treatment of goafs in traffic engineering, technical problems such as those related to large-volume grouting and the precise control of material properties are often encountered. To address these issues, we developed a new composite material comprising cement-fly ash-modified sodium silicate (C-FA-MS). The setting time, fluidity, unconfined compressive strength, and microstructure were varied for different proportions of cement-sodium silicate (C-S) slurry, cement-fly ash-sodium silicate (C-FA-S) slurry, and C-FA-MS slurry, and their performances were compared and analysed. The experimental results showed that the initial setting time of the slurry was the shortest when both the original sodium silicate volume ratio ( V S ) and modified sodium silicate volume ratio ( V MS ) were 0.2. The final setting time of the C-S and C-FA-S slurries tended to decrease but then increased with decrease in V S , while that of the C-FA-MS slurry increased with lower V MS . The fluidity of the C-FA-S and C-FA-MS slurries decreased with decrease in V S or V MS at different fly ash admixture ratios. The consolidation compressive strength of C-S increased with decreasing V S , while that of C-FA-S showed a considerable increase only when V S decreased from 0.4 to 0.2. Meanwhile, the compressive strength of the C-FA-MS concretions first increased and then decreased with decrease in V MS . Microstructural analysis revealed that there were more cracks in the C-S agglomerate, the fly ash in the C-FA-S agglomerate reduced the relative density of the skeletal structure, and the stronger cross-linking in the C-FA-MS agglomerate improved the strength of the agglomerate. Under the condition of unit grouting volume, the cost of the C-FA-MS slurry was approximately 44.7% and 31.3% lower than that of the C-S and C-FA-S slurries, respectively. The new C-FA-MS material was applied for the treatment of the goaf in the Wu Sizhuang coal mine. Core drilling detection and audiofrequency magnetotelluric survey revealed that the goaf was sufficiently filled.

Utilization of Phosphorus Slag and Fly Ash for the Preparation of Ready-Mixed Mortar

2013 ◽  
Vol 423-426 ◽  
pp. 987-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu Wei Liu ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Bin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
Optimal Mix ◽  
Mixed Mortar ◽  
Chinese Standard ◽  
Phosphorous Slag

Phosphorous slag and fly ash were used as raw materials for the preparation of ready-mixed mortar, and a series of technological parameters, such as phosphorus slag content, fly ash content, and chemical activators were investigated based on the compressive strength and setting time of specimens in this paper and the performances of products were also tested. The results showed that the optimal mix proportion for preparing ready-mixed mortar (M10) is as follows: cement 5%, phosphorous slag 10%, fly ash 10%, sand 75%, water reducer 1% and chemical activator 1%. The consistency, water retaining, setting time, 28d compressive strength, 14d bond strength and 28d shrinkage meet the requirement of Chinese standard GB/T 25181-2010.

Development of Non-Autoclaved Aerated Concrete by Alkali Activated Phosphorus Slag

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 1147-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Jun Jiang ◽  
Yan Yun ◽  
Zhi Hua Hu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Liquid Sodium ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Autoclaved Aerated Concrete ◽  
Aerated Concrete ◽  
Alkali Activated

The feasibility of manufacturing non-autoclaved aerated concrete using alkali activated phosphorus slag as a cementitious material was investigated in this paper. Liquid sodium silicate with various modules (the molar ratio between SiO2 and Na2O) was used as alkali activator and a part of phosphorus slag was replaced with fly ash which was used to control the setting time of aerated concrete. The influences of the fly ash, curing procedure, modulus of sodium silicate solution and concentration of alkalis on the compressive strength and bulk density of non-autoclaved aerated concrete have been studied. Moreover, the types of the hydration products were investigated using XRD and SEM. The results indicate that: the compressive strength of aerated concrete was influenced by concentration of alkalis obviously. The compressive strength of 11.9MPa and the bulk density of 806kg/m3 were obtained with an activator of 1.2 modulus of sodium silicate and 6% concentration of alkalis under the circumstance of 60°C curing for 28 days.

scholarly journals Optimizing Mixtures of Alkali Aluminosilicate Cement Based on Ternary By-Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1264-1274
Author(s):  
Hoang Vinh Long
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Optimal Composition ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
By Products

Portland cement is a popular binder but causes many adverse effects on the environment. That is due to the large consumption of raw materials and energy during production while emitting vast amounts of CO2. In recent years, Alkali Aluminosilicate Cement (AAC) has drawn much attention in research and development and promises to become a binder that can replace the traditional cement. In many studies of this binder, the content of the ingredients is often gradually changed to determine the optimal composition. The object of this paper is to optimize the composition of AAC using a combination of three by-products as the primary raw material, including Rush Husk Ash (RHA), Fly Ash (FA), and Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag (GGBS). The investigation was conducted based on the critical parameter SiO2/Al2O3, and the D-optimal design. The FA and the GGBS were industrial product form, while the RHA was ground in a ball mill for 2 hours before mixing. The results show that this type of binder has setting time and soundness to meet standard cement requirements. While comparing to Portland cement, the AAC has a faster setting time, slower development of compressive strength in the early stages but a higher strength at the age of 56 days. According to the highest compressive strength at 28 days and high fly ash content, the optimal composition was RHA of 27.8%, FA of 41.8%, and GGBS of 15.4%, corresponding to the ratio SiO2/Al2O3 of 3.83. In addition, compressive strength at 28 days of the mortar specimens with the optimal binder and the ratio of water/ cement at 0.32 reached 63 MPa. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091724 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Optimization of Grouting Material Mixture Ratio Based on Multi-Objective Optimization and Multi-Attribute Decision-Making

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Luchang Xiong ◽  
Zhaoyang Zhang ◽  
Zhijun Wan ◽  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Ziqi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Mixture Ratio ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Grouting Material ◽  
Regression Functions ◽  
Grouting Materials

As a solid waste produced by coal combustion, fly ash will cause serious environmental pollution. However, it can be considered as a sustainable and renewable resource to replace partial cement in grouting materials. Fly ash grouting materials re-cement the broken rock mass and improve the mechanical properties of the original structure. It can reinforce the broken surrounding rock of mine roadway. The utilization of fly ash also reduces environmental pollution. Therefore, this paper establishes a new material mixture ratio optimization model to meet the requirement of material property through combining the methods of experimental design and numerical analysis. Based on the Box–Behnken design with 3 factors and 3 levels, a mathematical model is constructed to fit the nonlinear multiple regression functions between material properties and raw materials ratios. The influence of raw materials is analyzed on material properties (the material’s 7-day uniaxial compressive strength, initial setting time, and slurry viscosity). Then, 80 Pareto solutions are obtained through NASG-II algorithm which takes the regression functions as the objective functions for multi-objective optimization of the grouting material ratio. Finally, the best ratio solution of water-cement ratio—0.71, silica fume content—1.73%, and sodium silicate content—2.61% is obtained through the NNRP-TOPSIS method.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document