Malaria and Pneumonia Effects on Rice, Vanilla Production and Rural Household Income In Madagascar: A Quantitative Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilys Victoire Razakamanana ◽  
Martine Audibert ◽  
Voahirana Tantely Andrianatoandro
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Rural Household ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Under Five ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background: In Madagascar, malaria remains the leading cause of consultation and deaths at hospital at all ages and pneumonia is one of the main causes of the under-five mortality and account for 45% of children hospitalizations. The number of cases and deaths has not decreased during the last ten years. This paper aims to determine the effects of malaria and pneumonia on rice and vanilla production and income.Methods: We use data from survey lead by the authors on 975 households and 3,586 individuals of the SAVA region in the northeast of Madagascar. After checking the presence of endogeneity, ordinary least-square method was used instead of two-stage least squares.Results: Our results showed that malaria has no effect on production, and therefore does not affect income. Pneumonia has an effect on production of rice and vanilla. Moreover, the cost of malaria and pneumonia healthcare burdened by households affect their consumption. Conclusions: Therefore, pneumonia should be considered in the same way as malaria due to its effects on production and investment to fight against these two diseases must be strengthened in order to decrease the costs for the households.

scholarly journals Indebtedness and Subjective Financial Wellbeing of Households in Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwini Handayani ◽  
Ummu Salamah ◽  
Restananda Nabilla Yusacc
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Household Behavior ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Financial Vulnerability ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Indonesian Family Life Survey

Indebtedness is an element to foresee household financial wellbeing. This vulnerability could be determined objectively and subjectively. Objective financial vulnerability is the objective ability to make ends meet that is analyzed using household income and characteristics. Measurement in subjective welbeing is determined by household perceptions in their ability to make ends meet. Household behavior with different perceptions will behave differently. Indebtedness is analyzed using the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5 with the Ordinary Least Square method. The inferential shows that both objective and subjective financial wellbeing influence household indebtedness. AbstrakKedalaman hutang merupakan elemen untuk mengetahui kesejahteraan finansial rumah tangga. Kerentanan ini dapat dilihat secara objektif maupun subjektif. Kerentanan finansial objektif adalah kemampuan objektif dalam memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari menggunakan pendapatan rumah tangga dan karakteristiknya. Ukuran dari kesejahteraan subjektif ditentukan oleh persepsi rumah tangga dalam kemampuannya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari. Rumah tangga dengan persepsi berbeda akan memiliki perilaku yang berbeda pula. Kedalaman rumah tangga dianalisis menggunakan Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5 dengan metode Ordinary Least Square. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa, baik kesejahteraan rumah tangga objektif maupun kesejahteraan rumah tangga subjektif memengaruhi kedalaman hutang rumah tangga.Kata kunci: Perilaku Rumah Tangga; Ekonomi Keluarga; Kedalaman Rumah Tangga; Kesejahteraan SubjektifJEL classifications: D10; D31

scholarly journals Estimasi Komponen Variansi pada Rancangan Faktorial Acak Lengkap Menggunakan Metode Generalized Least Squares

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
A. Muthiah Nur Angriany ◽  
Georgina Maria Tinungki ◽  
Raupong Raupong
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Variance Component ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Generalized Least Squares ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Adhesive Material ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Fixed Model

AbstractsExperiment design is a test or a row of test by using both statistical description and inference statistical. The aim of this test is to change an input to become an output as a respond of the experiment. In the experiment design, variance of factor A, B , AB error of variance are called as variant component. The aim of this study is to estimate variance component on complete random factorial design for fixed model and mixed model by using Generalized Least Squares (GLS)method, where GLS method as a development of Ordinary Least Square method. It used to be applied on data of complete random factorial design, namely like the influence to density pelleting food which is caused by increasing adhesive material and longtime in storage. The results  show that there is no influence of increasing adhesive material to the density of pelleting food. In addition, there exist of diversity of longtime of storage and there exists a diversity  interaction between adding adhesive material and long of time of storage to the density of pelleting food Keywords: Generalized Least Squares, variance component, complete random factorial design AbstrakPerancangan percobaan adalah suatu uji atau sederet uji baik itu menggunakan statistika deskripsi maupun statistika inferensi, yang bertujuan untuk mengubah peubah input menjadi suatu output yang merupakan respon dari percobaan tersebut. Dalam perancangan percobaan,  variansi dari faktor A, variansi dari faktor B, variansi interaksi faktor AB, dan variansi galat disebut dengan komponen varian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi komponen variansi pada rancangan faktorial acak lengkap model tetap dan model campuran  menggunakan metode Generalized Least Squares (GLS), dimana metode GLS adalah pengembangan dari metode Ordinary Least Square yang biasa  digunakan untuk mengatasi asumsi homogenitas yang biasa dilanggar dalam perancangan percobaan. Metode tersebut  diterapkan pada data rancangan faktorial acak lengkap yaitu pengaruh berat jenis pakan pellet dengan kombinasi perlakuan penambahan bahan perekat dan lama penyimpanan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh penambahan bahan perekat terhadap berat jenis pakan pellet. Selain itu, terdapat keragaman faktor lama penyimpan dan terdapat keragaman interaksi  antara faktor penambahan perekat dan lama penyimpanan terhadap berat jenis pakan pellet. Kata kunci: Generalized Least Squares, komponen variansi, rancangan faktorial acak lengkap 

PENGARUH KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT, KOMPETENSI, MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Miftahol Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Competence Motivation ◽  
Performance Analyze

The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of knowledge management on employee performance, analyze the effect of competence on employee performance, analyze the influence of motivation on employee performance). In this study, samples taken are structural employees PT.centris Kingdom Taxi Yogyakarta. The analysis tool in this study using multiple linear regression with Ordinary Least Square method (OLS). The conclusion of this study showed that the variables of knowledge management has a significant influence on employee performance, competence variables have an influence on employee performance, motivation variables have an influence on employee performance, The analysis showed that the variables of knowledge management, competence, motivation on employee performance.Keywords: knowledge management, competence, motivation, employee performance.

Fuzzy C-Regression Models

2013 ◽  
Vol 278-280 ◽  
pp. 1323-1326
Author(s):  
Yan Hua Yu ◽  
Li Xia Song ◽  
Kun Lun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Statistical Regression ◽  
Fuzzy Linear Regression ◽  
Fuzzy Degree

Fuzzy linear regression has been extensively studied since its inception symbolized by the work of Tanaka et al. in 1982. As one of the main estimation methods, fuzzy least squares approach is appealing because it corresponds, to some extent, to the well known statistical regression analysis. In this article, a restricted least squares method is proposed to fit fuzzy linear models with crisp inputs and symmetric fuzzy output. The paper puts forward a kind of fuzzy linear regression model based on structured element, This model has precise input data and fuzzy output data, Gives the regression coefficient and the fuzzy degree function determination method by using the least square method, studies the imitation degree question between the observed value and the forecast value.

Islamic calendar and stock market behaviour in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 1550-1566
Author(s):  
Dharani Munusamy
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Stock Market Returns ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Average Return ◽  
Year Effect ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the behavior of the stock market returns in the different days of the week and different months of the year in accordance with the Islamic calendar. Further, the study estimates the risk-adjusted returns to test the performance of the indices during the Ramadan and non-Ramadan days. Finally, the study investigates the impact of Ramadan on the returns and the volatility of the stock market indices in India. Design/methodology/approach Initially, the study applies the Ordinary Least Square method to test the day-of-the-week and the month-of-the-year effect of the common and Shariah indices. Next, the study employs the risk-adjusted measurement to examine the underperformance and over-performance of the indices for both the periods. Finally, the study estimates the GARCH (1,1) and GJR-GARCH (1,1) models to observe the impact of Ramadan on the returns and the volatility of the Shariah indices in India. Findings The study finds that an average return of the indices during the Ramadan days are higher than non-Ramadan days. Further, the average returns of the Shariah indices are significantly higher on Wednesday than other days of the week. In addition, the highest and significant mean returns and mean risk-adjusted returns of the indices during the Ramadan days are observed. Finally, the study finds an evidence of the Ramadan effect on the returns and volatility of the indices in India. Originality/value The study observes evidence that the Ramadan effect influences the Shariah indices, but not the common indices in the stock market of the non-Muslim countries. It indicates that the Ramadan creates the positive mood and emotions in the investors buying and selling activities. The study suggests that investors can buy the shares before Ramadan period and sell them during the Ramadan days to get an abnormal return in the emerging markets.

scholarly journals Agriculture, Manufacturing and Economic Growth in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atayi Abraham Vincent ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Government Spending ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Government ◽  
Positive Effect

This research work address the positive effect of Agriculture on the manufacturing sector in Nigeria. The study made used of Ordinary Least Square Method estimation techniques. The findings showed that Agricultural output, government spending on agriculture, and real gross domestic product all have positive effects on the manufacturing sector. The effects is RGDP 66percent, AGRQ by 63%, and GOEXA by 96 percent. The study recommends among other things that government should allocate more resources to the Nigerian agricultural sector and ensure that the funds are judiciously use and that the government should also seek to strengthen its incentives for the manufacturing sector in order to promote increased industrial production and growth.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA ORIENTASI STRATEGIS DAN KEMAMPUAN INOVASI BERBASIS LAYANAN STUDI PADA UMKM KREATIF DI INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Dwitya Aribawa
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Customer Orientation ◽  
Service Innovation ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Innovation Capability ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Competitor Orientation

Industri kreatif menjadi competitive advantage tersendiri bagi Indonesia yang memiliki potensi berlimpah pada intellectual capital yang tersebar di seluruh pulau untuk memunculkan model bisnis yang inovatif dan membuka lapangan kerja baru. Sasaran dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis hubunga antara orientasi strategis (dimana pada penelitian ini terdiri dari orientasi pelanggan, orientasi pesaing dan orientasi biaya) dengan kemampuan inovasi berbasis layanan. Unit penelitian ini adalah usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah (UMKM) yang beroperasi pada salah satu dari sub-sektor industri kreatif dan terletak di Bandung, Denpsar, Jakarta atau Yogyakarta. Dengan analisis kuantitatif, penelitian ini melihat hubungan antara variabel independen dan dependen melalui tes hipotesis menggunakan metode ordinary least square. Metode pertanyaan terbuka digunakan untuk melihat pola pengembangan bisnis kreatif responden. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan bahwa orientasi pelanggan dan orientasi biaya memiliki hubungan positif terhadap kemampuan inovasi berdasarkan jasa. Sedangkan, orientasi pesaing tidak memiliki hubungan yang siginifikan terhadap kemampuan inovasi berbasis layanan. Dari penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaku usaha (dalam hal ini UMKM) memiliki fokus pada konsumen dan efisiensi biaya yang pada akhirnya akan membentuk budaya inovasi yang sesuai dengan lingkungan bisnis mereka.Creative industry is becoming competitive advantages to Indonesia. It has huge potency of intellectual capital around islands. Creative business aim to creating innovative business model and open absorb labor force. The objective of this study is to examine and analyze the relationships between strategic orientation (in this research consist of three dimensions; customer orientation, competitor orientation and cost orientation)and service innovation capability. Object of this study was Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) that operates in one of creative subsector industry and located at in Bandung, Denpasar, Jakarta or Yogyakarta. By using quantitative analysis, this study analyzed the relationship between independent and dependent variables through testing hypotheses using ordinary least square method. Open question method also used to show the pattern of creative business development from owners point of viewt. The result of this study found customer orientation and cost orientation positively related to service innovation capability. While, competitor orientation shows not have significant relationship to service innovation capability. From this research can be conclude that creative business (MSMEs) has focus on deserve customers interest. Besides, at the same time they create efficiency in cost. Mix of both orientations in the end will creating innovation culture that fit to their business environment.

scholarly journals Pengaruh umur, pendidikan, upah, keterampilan, dan jenis kelamin terhadap lama mencari kerja bagi pekerja terdidik di Kota Jambi (studi kasus Kecamatan Kota Baru dan Telanaipura)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Cici Swarsih ◽  
Junaidi Junaidi ◽  
Rosmeli Rosmeli
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Wage Level ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Multistage Sampling

This study aims to analyze the characteristics of educated workforce and to determine the effect of variables of age, education, wage level, skills and gender on duration of looking for work by educated worker in Jambi City. The data used in this study are primary data obtained from questionnaires and direct interviews with a total sample of 110 respondents. Sampling in this study uses a multistage sampling method that is sampling in stages. Data analysis methods used are descriptive and quantitative analysis. The analytical tool used is the OLS (Ordinary Least Square) method. The results of this study indicate that the independent variables simultaneously have a significant effect on duration of looking for work. Partially the variables of age, education, wage level have a significant effect on duration of looking for work, while the skills and gender variables have no significant effect on the duration of looking for work.

scholarly journals Analysis of Labor Absorption (Study in Kerupuk Sanjai Small and Medium Enterprises in Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Nelvia Iryani ◽  
Syaiful Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Production Value ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Labor is a very important asset in economic activities, but often the number of workers exceeds the available employment capacity, so it is very necessary to analyze the factors that affect employment. This study aims to estimate the relationship between wage, capital, production value to the amount of employment in Kerupuk Sanjai Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Kabupaten Limapuluh Kota This type of research is field research and use questioner to 100 respondens . The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression analysis with OLS (Ordinary Least Square) method and data processing using SPSS VR.21 software. The results of the study show that  all independent variabels has a  significant effect on labor absorption in Kerupuk Sanjai SMEs in Kabupaten Limapuluh Kota. capital is the variable that has the most influence in the absorption of labor in the Kerupuk Sanjai Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Kabupaten Limapuluh Kota.

scholarly journals A Study on the Relationship between Earnings Quality and Capital Cost-Takes the China Listed Companies as a Sample

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Chih-Yi Hsiao ◽  
Hui-Hui Kuang ◽  
Hui-Ling Li ◽  
Jia-Li Liu
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Earnings Quality ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Capital Cost ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Relationship

The phenomenon of false financial statements still exists. However, in addition to the risk of being punished, what kind of price do companies have to pay? In recent decades, with China's rapid progress in economic, the relevant accounting system and corporate governance standards are actively improving, and the earnings quality is improving. This paper takes China's listed companies from 2015 to 2019 as samples, and adopts quantile regression supplemented by ordinary least square method to explore the relationship between earnings quality and capital cost. The research findings show that the higher the earnings management, the higher the capital cost, especially for the company with low capital cost. Nevertheless, for the extremely company with high capital cost, earnings management can reduce the capital cost. The research results can provide the focus of regulators of listed companies and reference for the revision of relevant accounting system.

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