scholarly journals Adrenergic Receptor Beta 2and 3 Polymorphism Modulate Gastro Intestinal Motility in Ttype 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aastha Malik ◽  
Sarama Saha ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Morya ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Bhadada ◽  
Satya Vati Rana
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Hydrogen Breath Test ◽  
Gut Motility ◽  
Beta Adrenoceptor ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Lactulose Hydrogen Breath Test ◽  
Orocecal Transit ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract BackgroundIndividuals with type 2diabetes mellitus (T2DM) commonly present with gastro intestinal symptoms. Exact pathophysiology behind these symptoms is not elucidated. Previous studies reported the role of adrenoceptors on gut motility. However, no study has been conducted to observe whether adrenergic beta receptor (ADRB) 2 and 3 gene polymorphism could influence the gut motility in T2DM. Materials and Methods:Three hundred T2DM patients and 200 age and sex matched healthy controls were enrolled for this study. Participants were subjected to lactulose hydrogen breath test for estimation of orocecal transit time (OCTT). To carry out polymorphism study, buffy coat of EDTA blood was used for DNA isolation followed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results:In this study, the frequency of C allele as well as CC genotype of ADRB3 gene polymorphism and A allele as well as AA genotype of ADRB2 gene polymorphism were significantly higher in patients than controls and was associated with increased risk for T2DM. On comparison of gut motility, OCTT was found to be significantly prolonged (p<0.01) in individuals with CC genotype compared to TT or CT genotype in ADRB3 polymorphism and AA genotype, compared to AG and GG genotype in case of ADRB2 polymorphism. Combined effect of both adrenoceptors on gut motility revealed that individuals having AG or AA genotype in combination with other genotypes had significantly prolonged OCTT. Conclusion:It could be concluded that beta adrenoceptor gene polymorphism has significant role on regulation of gut motility in T2DM.

scholarly journals Supper Timing and Cardiovascular Mortality: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3389
Author(s):  
Jingyun Tang ◽  
Jia-Yi Dong ◽  
Ehab S. Eshak ◽  
Renzhe Cui ◽  
Kokoro Shirai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Stroke Mortality ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Participants

Evidence on the role of supper timing in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is limited. In this study, we examined the associations between supper timing and risks of mortality from stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD), and total CVD. A total of 28,625 males and 43,213 females, aged 40 to 79 years, free from CVD and cancers at baseline were involved in this study. Participants were divided into three groups: the early supper group (before 8:00 p.m.), the irregular supper group (time irregular), and the late supper group (after 8:00 p.m.). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for stroke, CHD, and total CVD according to the supper time groups. During the 19-year follow-up, we identified 4706 deaths from total CVD. Compared with the early supper group, the multivariable HR of hemorrhagic stroke mortality for the irregular supper group was 1.44 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.97). There was no significant association between supper timing and the risk of mortality from other types of stroke, CHD, and CVD. We found that adopting an irregular supper timing compared with having dinner before 8:00 p.m. was associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke mortality.

scholarly journals The Flavin-Containing Monooxygenase 3 Gene and Essential Hypertension: The Joint Effect of Polymorphism E158K and Cigarette Smoking on Disease Susceptibility

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Bushueva ◽  
Maria Solodilova ◽  
Mikhail Churnosov ◽  
Vladimir Ivanov ◽  
Alexey Polonikov
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Enzyme ◽  
Study Participants

Gene encoding flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3), a microsomal antioxidant defense enzyme, has been suggested to contribute to essential hypertension (EH). The present study was designed to investigate whether common functional polymorphism E158K (rs2266782) of theFMO3gene is associated with EH susceptibility in a Russian population. A total of 2 995 unrelated subjects from Kursk (1 362 EH patients and 843 healthy controls) and Belgorod (357 EH patients and 422 population controls) regions of Central Russia were recruited for this study. DNA samples from all study participants were genotyped for theFMO3gene polymorphism through PCR followed by RFLP analysis. We found that the polymorphism E158K is associated with increased risk of essential hypertension in both discovery population from Kursk region (OR 1.36 95% CI 1.09–1.69,P=0.01) and replication population from Belgorod region (OR 1.54 95% CI 1.07–1.89,P=0.02) after adjustment for gender and age using logistic regression analysis. Further analysis showed that the increased hypertension risk in carriers of genotype 158KK gene occurred in cigarette smokers, whereas nonsmoker carriers of this genotype did not show the disease risk. This is the first study reporting the association of theFMO3gene polymorphism and the risk of essential hypertension.

scholarly journals An Association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Lys751GlnERCC2Gene and Ovarian Cancer in Polish Women

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena M. Michalska ◽  
Dariusz Samulak ◽  
Hanna Romanowicz ◽  
Maciej Sobkowski ◽  
Beata Smolarz
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Histological Grading ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Lys751gln Polymorphism

Aim.The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the Lys751Gln (rs13181)ERCC2gene polymorphism in clinical parameters and the risk for development of ovarian cancer.Material and Methods.The study consisted of 430 patients with ovarian cancer (mean age: 53.2 ± 10.11) and 430 healthy subjects (mean age: 50.31 ± 18.21). Analysis of the gene polymorphisms was performed using the PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each genotype and allele were calculated.Results.The results obtained indicate that the genotype Gln/Gln is associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer (OR 5.01; 95% CI 3.37–7.43;p<0.0001). Association of Lys751Gln polymorphism with histological grading showed increasedERCC2Gln/Gln (OR = 6.96; 95% CI 3.41–14.21;p<0.0001) genotype in grading 1 as well as Gln allele overrepresentation (OR = 4.98; 95% CI 3.37–7.40;p<0.0001) in G1 ovarian patients. Finally, with clinical FIGO staging under evaluation, an increase inERCC2Gln/Gln homozygote frequencies in staging I and Gln allele frequencies in SI were observed.Conclusion.On the basis of these results, we conclude thatERCC2gene polymorphism Lys751Gln may be associated with an increased risk of ovarian carcinoma.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Clustering among Asylum Seekers with New HIV-1 Diagnoses in Montreal, QC, Canada

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 601
Author(s):  
Hyejin Park ◽  
Bluma Brenner ◽  
Ruxandra-Ilinca Ibanescu ◽  
Joseph Cox ◽  
Karl Weiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Bootstrap Support ◽  
Subtype B ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Hiv 1

Migrants are at an increased risk of HIV acquisition. We aimed to use phylogenetics to characterize transmission clusters among newly-diagnosed asylum seekers and to understand the role of networks in local HIV transmission. Retrospective chart reviews of asylum seekers linked to HIV care between 1 June 2017 and 31 December 2018 at the McGill University Health Centre and the Jewish General Hospital in Montreal were performed. HIV-1 partial pol sequences were analyzed among study participants and individuals in the provincial genotyping database. Trees were reconstructed using MEGA10 neighbor-joining analysis. Clustering of linked viral sequences was based on a strong bootstrap support (>97%) and a short genetic distance (<0.01). Overall, 10,645 provincial sequences and 105 asylum seekers were included. A total of 13/105 participant sequences (12%; n = 7 males) formed part of eight clusters. Four clusters (two to three people) included only study participants (n = 9) and four clusters (two to three people) included four study participants clustered with six individuals from the provincial genotyping database. Six (75%) clusters were HIV subtype B. We identified the presence of HIV-1 phylogenetic clusters among asylum seekers and at a population-level. Our findings highlight the complementary role of cohort data and population-level genotypic surveillance to better characterize transmission clusters in Quebec.

Depression and Suicide Ideation: The Role of Self-Acceptance for Black Young Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 009579842110374
Author(s):  
Jasmin R. Brooks ◽  
Ijeoma J. Madubata ◽  
Rebecca D. Jewell ◽  
David A. Ortiz ◽  
Rheeda L. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Self Acceptance ◽  
Study Participants

Suicide is a leading cause of death for Black young adults. Though depression is commonly linked to increased risk for suicide, empirical literature examining the depression–suicide association and intrinsic buffers for this association remains limited among Black young adults. This study sought to address this gap in the literature by examining the relationship between depression and suicide ideation among Black young adults. Importantly, this study assessed the moderating role of self-acceptance, an index of how content one is with oneself. Study participants included 123 Black young adults (63.5% female, Mage = 20.91 years, SD = 2.45 years) who completed measures evaluating symptoms of depression, suicide ideation, and psychological well-being. Multivariate regression analyses revealed that self-acceptance moderated the association between depressive symptomatology and suicide ideation ( β = −0.05, p < .01, 95% CI [-1.01, −0.11]), such that the depression–suicide ideation association was not significant for individuals who reported high levels of self-acceptance. These findings suggest that self-acceptance may be an important treatment target for interventions aimed specifically at reducing suicide vulnerability among Black young adults.

The Role of the XPF Gene Polymorphism (Xrcc4) Ser835ser in the Risk of Malignant Transformation of Cells in the Colorectal Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Kabziński ◽  
Ireneusz Majsterek ◽  
Adam Dziki ◽  
Michał Mik
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preventive Program ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Repair Systems

AbstractParticipation of DNA repair systems in the pathogenesis of cancer has been a suspected phenomenon for a long time. Decreased efficiency in DNA repair translates to their ability to fix and consequently leads to mutations and the process of carcinogenesis. Linking individual polymorphisms of DNA repair systems with an increased risk of colorectal cancer will allow the classification of patients to high-risk groups and their placement under preventive program.The aim of the study was to determine the effect of XPF gene polymorphism Ser835Ser on increasing the risk of colorectal cancer in the Polish population.Material and methods. as the material blood collected from 146 patients diagnosed with colon cancer was used. The control group consisted of 149 healthy subjects. Genotyping was performed by Taq- Man method.Results. The results indicate that genotype TCC/TCT is associated with an decreased risk of colorectal cancer (OR 0.574; CI 95% 0.335-0.984; p=0.043).Conclusions. Based on these results, we conclude that the XPF gene polymorphism Ser835Ser may be associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer

Lactulose hydrogen breath test in orocecal transit assessment

1994 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1505-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Sciarretta ◽  
A. Furno ◽  
M. Mazzoni ◽  
B. Garagnani ◽  
P. Malaguti
Keyword(s):  
Breath Test ◽  
Hydrogen Breath Test ◽  
Lactulose Hydrogen Breath Test ◽  
Orocecal Transit

Repeatability of lactulose hydrogen breath test in subjects with normal or prolonged orocecal transit

1988 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1525-1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Camboni ◽  
G. Basilisco ◽  
A. Bozzani ◽  
P. A. Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Breath Test ◽  
Hydrogen Breath Test ◽  
Lactulose Hydrogen Breath Test ◽  
Orocecal Transit

scholarly journals Biomarkers of Thrombo-Inflammatory Responses in Pulmonary Embolism Patients With Pre-Existing Versus New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 107602962110149
Author(s):  
Dimpi Patel ◽  
Amir Darki ◽  
Debra Hoppensteadt ◽  
Iman Darwish ◽  
Mushabbar Syed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Response Team ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Acute Pe

Pulmonary embolism (PE) patients have an increased prevalence and incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF). Because comorbid AF increases risk of morbidity and mortality, we sought to investigate the role of thrombo-inflammatory biomarkers in risk stratifying patients who experience an acute PE episode. Study participants were enrolled from a Pulmonary Embolism Response Team (PERT) registry between March 2016 and March 2019 at Loyola University Medical Center and Gottlieb Memorial Hospital. This cohort was divided into 3 groups: PE patients with a prior diagnosis of AF (n = 8), PE patients with a subsequent diagnosis of AF (n = 11), and PE patients who do not develop AF (n = 71). D-dimer, CRP, PAI-1, TAFIa, FXIIIa, A2A, MP, and TFPI were profiled using the ELISA method. All biomarkers were significantly different between controls and PE patients ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, TFPI was significantly elevated in PE patients who subsequently developed AF compared to PE patients who did not develop AF (157.7 ± 19.0 ng/mL vs. 129.0 ± 9.3 ng/mL, P = 0.0386). This study suggests that thrombo-inflammatory biomarkers may be helpful in indicating an acute PE episode. Also, elevated TFPI levels may be associated with an increased risk of developing AF after a PE.

You Are the One I Want to Communicate With!

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Pierucci ◽  
Olivier Klein ◽  
Andrea Carnaghi
Keyword(s):  
Memory Bias ◽  
Shared Reality ◽  
Communication Partner ◽  
Shared Reality Theory ◽  
The One ◽  
Study Participants

This article investigates the role of relational motives in the saying-is-believing effect ( Higgins & Rholes, 1978 ). Building on shared reality theory, we expected this effect to be most likely when communicators were motivated to “get along” with the audience. In the current study, participants were asked to describe an ambiguous target to an audience who either liked or disliked the target. The audience had been previously evaluated as a desirable vs. undesirable communication partner. Only participants who communicated with a desirable audience tuned their messages to suit their audience’s attitude toward the target. In line with predictions, they also displayed an audience-congruent memory bias in later recall.

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