scholarly journals Strain-enabled ultra-broadband Ge-based photonic devices for low-cost integration in PICs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiding Lin ◽  
Danhao Ma ◽  
Rui-Tao Wen ◽  
Kwang Hong Lee ◽  
Govindo Syaranamual ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Photonic Devices ◽  
Single Step ◽  
High Data ◽  
Data Capacity

Abstract Photonic-integrated circuits (PICs) have become one of the most promising solutions to the burgeoning global data communication and are being envisioned to have revolutionary impact in many other emerging fields. This outlook requires future PICs to be significantly more broadband and cost-effective. The current germanium (Ge)-based active photonic devices in PICs are thus facing a new bandwidth-cost trade-off. Here, we demonstrate ultra-broadband, high-efficiency Ge photodetectors up to 1,630 nm operation wavelength and Ge0.99Si0.01 electro-absorption (EA) modulator arrays with an operating range of ~100 nm from 1,525 to 1,620 nm, using a CMOS-compatible recess-type silicon nitride (SiNx) stressor. The broadband operation could facilitate a wide (>100 nm) window for low-cost Ge modulator-detector co-integration, requiring only a single step of Ge epitaxy and two different SiNx depositions. The broad modulation and co-integration coverage can be entirely shifted to shorter (~1,300 nm) and longer (>1,700 nm) wavelengths with small amounts of Si or tin (Sn) alloying. This proof-of-concept work provides a pathway for PICs towards future low-cost and high-data-capacity communication networks, immediately accessible by designers through foundries.

scholarly journals Adaptive Decision of Wireless Access Network for Higher User Satisfaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Hyunsoon Kim ◽  
Mungyu Bae ◽  
Woonghee Lee ◽  
Hwangnam Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Data ◽  
Effective Network

Today’s mobile devices mostly contain more than one wireless interface for Internet connection. Smartphones mostly have both LTE and Wi-Fi for data communication through Internet. Although the availability of Wi-Fi is incomparable to that of cellular network, its strength lies in the low cost and high data rate due to continuous PHY and MAC advancement of 802.11 protocol extensions. In this paper, we propose a device-centric system that performs cost-effective network connectivity to the mobile device by selectively activating Wi-Fi communication according to the device mobility and corresponding history of Wi-Fi usage. By analyzing the device mobility using attached sensors, the system selects appropriate Wi-Fi that has been often used in that mobility state. The system was implemented in actual mobile devices that were used to several experiments we designed to prove high performance of the system.

scholarly journals Chemical Modification of Combusted Coal Gangue for U(VI) Adsorption: Towards a Waste Control by Waste Strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8421
Author(s):  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Jiandong Huang ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Zhongran Dai ◽  
Rongli Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Coal Gangue ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Detailed Structural Analysis ◽  
Alkaline Conditions

Uranium mining waste causes serious radiation-related health and environmental problems. This has encouraged efforts toward U(VI) removal with low cost and high efficiency. Typical uranium adsorbents, such as polymers, geopolymers, zeolites, and MOFs, and their associated high costs limit their practical applications. In this regard, this work found that the natural combusted coal gangue (CCG) could be a potential precursor of cheap sorbents to eliminate U(VI). The removal efficiency was modulated by chemical activation under acid and alkaline conditions, obtaining HCG (CCG activated with HCl) and KCG (CCG activated with KOH), respectively. The detailed structural analysis uncovered that those natural mineral substances, including quartz and kaolinite, were the main components in CCG and HCG. One of the key findings was that kalsilite formed in KCG under a mild synthetic condition can conspicuous enhance the affinity towards U(VI). The best equilibrium adsorption capacity with KCG was observed to be 140 mg/g under pH 6 within 120 min, following a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. To understand the improved adsorption performance, an adsorption mechanism was proposed by evaluating the pH of uranyl solutions, adsorbent dosage, as well as contact time. Combining with the structural analysis, this revealed that the uranyl adsorption process was mainly governed by chemisorption. This study gave rise to a utilization approach for CCG to obtain cost-effective adsorbents and paved a novel way towards eliminating uranium by a waste control by waste strategy.

scholarly journals In-Plane Monolithic Integration of Scaled III-V Photonic Devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1887
Author(s):  
Markus Scherrer ◽  
Noelia Vico Triviño ◽  
Svenja Mauthe ◽  
Preksha Tiwari ◽  
Heinz Schmid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Photonic Devices ◽  
Monolithic Integration ◽  
Light Emitters ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Large Lattice ◽  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
Gain Material

It is a long-standing goal to leverage silicon photonics through the combination of a low-cost advanced silicon platform with III-V-based active gain material. The monolithic integration of the III-V material is ultimately desirable for scalable integrated circuits but inherently challenging due to the large lattice and thermal mismatch with Si. Here, we briefly review different approaches to monolithic III-V integration while focusing on discussing the results achieved using an integration technique called template-assisted selective epitaxy (TASE), which provides some unique opportunities compared to existing state-of-the-art approaches. This method relies on the selective replacement of a prepatterned silicon structure with III-V material and thereby achieves the self-aligned in-plane monolithic integration of III-Vs on silicon. In our group, we have realized several embodiments of TASE for different applications; here, we will focus specifically on in-plane integrated photonic structures due to the ease with which these can be coupled to SOI waveguides and the inherent in-plane doping orientation, which is beneficial to waveguide-coupled architectures. In particular, we will discuss light emitters based on hybrid III-V/Si photonic crystal structures and high-speed InGaAs detectors, both covering the entire telecom wavelength spectral range. This opens a new path towards the realization of fully integrated, densely packed, and scalable photonic integrated circuits.

scholarly journals Recent Progress in Silicon Photonics: A Review

ISRN Optics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou Fang ◽  
Ce Zhou Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Silicon Photonics ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Photonic Integrated Circuits ◽  
High Data ◽  
Bandwidth Requirement ◽  
Rate Transmission ◽  
Data Rate Transmission

With the increasing bandwidth requirement in computing and signal processing, the inherent limitations in metallic interconnection are seriously threatening the future of traditional IC industry. Silicon photonics can provide a low-cost approach to overcome the bottleneck of the high data rate transmission by replacing the original electronic integrated circuits with photonic integrated circuits. Although the commercial promise has not been realized, this perspective gives huge impetus to the development of silicon photonics these years. This paper provides an overview of the progress and the state of the art of each component in silicon photonics, including waveguides, filters, modulators, detectors, and lasers, mainly in the last five years.

scholarly journals Architecture and implementation of a high frame-rate stereo vision system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamin Islam
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Stereo Vision ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Frame Rate ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
High Frame Rate ◽  
Stereo Vision System

For the purpose of autonomous satellite grasping, a high-speed, low-cost stereo vision system is required with high accuracy. This type of system must be able to detect an object and estimate its range. Hardware solutions are often chosen over software solutions, which tend to be too slow for high frame-rate applications. Designs utilizing field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) provide flexibility and are cost effective versus solutions that provide similar performance (i.e., Application Specific Integrated Circuits). This thesis presents the architecture and implementation of a high frame-rate stereo vision system based on an FPGA platform. The system acquires stereo images, performs stereo rectification and generates disparity estimates at frame-rates close to 100 fpSi and on a large-enough FPGA, it can process 200 fps. The implementation presents novelties in performance and in the choice of the algorithm implemented. It achieves superior performance to existing systems that estimate scene depth. Furthermore, it demonstrates equivalent accuracy to software implementations of the dynamic programming maximum likelihood stereo correspondence algorithm.

scholarly journals Rapid Golden Gate assembly of exons from genomic DNA for protein expression in Escherichia coli and Pichia pastoris

BioTechniques ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhao Cheng ◽  
Mingkun Wu ◽  
Ren Zhong ◽  
Dayong Si ◽  
Geng Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pichia Pastoris ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Golden Gate ◽  
Cloning Efficiency ◽  
Expression In Escherichia Coli ◽  
Expression Plasmids

The development of a quick, single-step cloning system for generation of multiexon gene expression constructs is presented. The system allows efficient and cost-effective assembly of multiple exons of interest genes into different expression plasmids in both Escherichia coli and Pichia pastoris. The high cloning efficiency and low cost of the system make it ideal for a novel workflow for the assembly of intron-bearing genes for expression in two different expression hosts.

The Design of CAN/USB Embedded Adapter

2011 ◽  
Vol 130-134 ◽  
pp. 3938-3941
Author(s):  
Yong Gang Luo
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Can Bus ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Usb Interface ◽  
Usb Bus ◽  
Interface Device

In order to realize high-speed and real-time communications between canbus and usb bus, a can/usb embedded adapter is designed in this paper. The hardware of the system consists mainly of AT89S51 as the local processor and PDIUSBD12 as the USB interface device, the sja1000 as the canbus interface device. Data communication is operated by the firmware and drivers. Adapter completely satisfies the needs of the CAN bus with its highest speed of 1Mps and it will be widely used in future for its high efficiency and low cost.

Packet switching and the communication networks of the eighties and beyond

1984 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Philip
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Packet Switching ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Information Services ◽  
Packet Networks ◽  
Communication Services ◽  
Distant Future

Packet switched data communication services are now firmly established as a multi-million dollar industry. In the not too distant future, packet switching technology will be applied to the communication of voice as well. The availability of voice packet networks (whether separate or integrated with data) will have profound implications in providing cost-effective access to emerging voice-based computerised information services. Al though such networks are technically and economically feasible at the present time, there are a few minor problems to over come before they become widely available. This article ex amines the principles, economics, benefits and prospects of employing the packet switching principles in the transmission of voice.

scholarly journals Cellular Network Infrastructure: The Future of Fog Monitoring?

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (10) ◽  
pp. 1687-1698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noam David ◽  
Omry Sendik ◽  
Hagit Messer ◽  
Pinhas Alpert
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Theoretical Simulation ◽  
High Data ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
Current Monitoring ◽  
Commercial Microwave Links

Abstract Severe visibility limitations resulting from fog may lead to acute transportation accidents and high losses of property and lives. Thus, reliable monitoring facilities are of extreme importance. Nevertheless, current monitoring instruments suffer from low spatial resolution, high costs, or lack of precision at near-surface levels. It has, however, recently been shown that the commercial microwave links that form the infrastructure of cellular communication networks can provide crucial information regarding the appearance of dense fog and its intensity. Typical microwave systems currently in operation make use of frequencies between 6 and 40 GHz and, thus, can only monitor heavy fog. However, there is a growing demand for high data rates and expanded bandwidth in modern mobile radio networks. As a result, higher frequencies (e.g., around 80 GHz) are being implemented in order to fulfill these increased requirements. Notably, the attenuation induced as a result of fog at a given intensity increases as operating frequency rises, allowing, for the first time, the possibility of using this system to monitor typical fog intensities, at high resolution and low cost. Here, a theoretical simulation is presented in which simulated fog patches are introduced into an area where a network of links is deployed. Two-dimensional maps are generated utilizing the simulated microwave network to represent sensitivity thresholds for fog detection at three different frequencies: 20, 38, and 80 GHz. Real-data measurements of fog are also demonstrated using 38-GHz band links. The results indicate the vast future potential of commercial microwave links as an opportunistic system for monitoring fog.

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