scholarly journals Sarcopenia, Obesity, and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Among the Elder Population in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Yung Chang ◽  
Ming-Hsun Lin ◽  
Chih-Chun Kuo ◽  
Chieh-Hua Lu ◽  
Der-Min Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Elder Population ◽  
Female Subjects

Abstract Background: Sarcopenia and obesity have become important public health and clinical issues worldwide, especially in an aging society like Taiwan. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardiometabolic risk factors among the different weight status and grip strength status among elder individuals in Taiwan.Methods: We administered a series of community-based health surveys among the elder population in Chiayi County, Taiwan, from 2017 to 2019. Anthropometric characteristics, handgrip strength, and cardiometabolic risk profiles were measured using standard methods. History of chronic diseases was also asked. The questionnaires, including questions regarding any history of chronic diseases, were administered to the subjects under the assistance of a research technician.Results: This study recruited 3739 subjects (1600 males and 2139 females). The non-obese group had lower blood glucose (BG) levels compared to the obese group (100.3 ± 32.2 mg/dl vs 109.1 ± 34.3 mg/dl for the male subjects; 102.8 ± 32.1 mg/dl vs. 112.5 ± 40.3 mg/dl for the female subjects). The grip strength was negatively associated with BG in both sexes (β = −0.357, p < 0.001 for the male subjects male and β = −0.385, p < 0.05 for the female subjects). Relationship between the grip strength and the risk of cardiometabolic disease showed that for every 1 kg increase in the grip strength, there was a 4.1% and 4.5% decrease in the risk for developing diabetes in male and female subjects, respectively (OR = 0.959, 95% CI = 0.940–0.979 for males and OR = 0.955, 95% CI = 0.932–0.978 for females).Conclusions: A higher handgrip strength is associated with a lower BG level and lower risk for developing diabetes mellitus among elder population in Taiwan. Health promotion studies to increase muscle mass along with early rehabilitation programs should focus on the obese and sarcopenic population to prevent cardiometabolic comorbidities.

scholarly journals Eating behavior affects cardio-metabolic risk in high school teenagers in a developing country

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Rita Suhadi ◽  
Phebe Hendra ◽  
Dita Maria Virginia ◽  
Christianus Heru Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Female Subjects

BACKGROUND Modernization negatively changes lifestyle, characterized by excessive eating and reduced energy consumption, and concurrently increases the cardiometabolic risk. This study was aimed to evaluate the association between eating behavior and cardio-metabolic risk factors including body mass index (BMI) in percentile, blood pressure (BP) in percentile, waist circumference, and heart rate in total subjects and gender sub-groups. METHODS This analytical cross-sectional study was done from July to November 2018. High schools in four provinces of Indonesia and students were selected using purposive sampling. Subjects’ profiles were collected from interview and cardio-metabolic parameters were measured at the study sites. Data were analyzed with chi-square and independent t-test. RESULTS Subjects who were overweight/obese and had high BP accounted for 27.1% and 9.3–12.0% of the total subjects (n = 768), respectively. Subjects who having breakfast tended to have lower BMI (p = 0.006), and the lower consumption of western meals had lower heart rate (p = 0.02). Male subjects had more meal frequency and had less quantity of snacks than female subjects (p<0.001). Male subjects with routine intake of vegetables had low heart rate (p = 0.03). Female subjects with routine breakfast had better BMI (p<0.001), and lower diastolic BP (p = 0.004) and waist circumference (p = 0.02), whereas those who consumed Western meals had higher heart rate (p = 0.046) and waist circumference (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Eating behaviors are likely to affect cardio-metabolic risk factors, and the effects vary within gender groups.

scholarly journals Arch Widths in Class II-2 Adults Compared to Adults with Class II-1 and Normal Occlusion

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 837-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Huth ◽  
Robert Newton Staley ◽  
Richard Jacobs ◽  
Harold Bigelow ◽  
Jane Jakobsen
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Gender Dimorphism ◽  
Arch Width ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
History Of ◽  
Division 2 ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Female Subjects

Abstract Objective: To compare (1) arch widths in adults with Class II division 2 (II-2), Class II division 1 (II-1), and Class I normal occlusions, (2) genders, (3) gender dimorphism, (4) differences between maxillary and mandibular arch widths, and to (5) develop adult norms for arch widths. Materials and Methods: Subjects were white Americans with no history of orthodontic treatment. Arch width dimensions measured were: intercanine, intermolar, and molar alveolar in both arches. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's test were used to compare groups. Results: Comparison of pooled genders showed the II-2 group had maxillary arch widths significantly smaller than the normal occlusions and significantly larger than the II-1 group. All groups had similar mandibular intercanine and alveolar widths. The II-2 and II-1 groups had similar mandibular intermolar widths, both significantly smaller than normal occlusions. The II-2 group had a maxillary/mandibular intermolar difference significantly smaller than the normal occlusions, and significantly less negative than the II-1 group. Gender comparisons in two of six widths showed normal and II-2 male subjects were similar, and in six of six widths normal and II-2 female subjects were similar; in five of six widths II-2 and II-1 male and female subjects were similar. Gender dimorphism occurred in five of six widths in normal occlusions, four of six widths in II-2, and one of six widths in II-1. Conclusions: Arch width dimensions of II-2 subjects were intermediate between normal and II-1 occlusions. In both Class II malocclusions, the process that narrows arch widths was more pronounced in male than in female subjects.

scholarly journals Circulating Level of Soluble Leptin Receptor and its Association with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Obese Subjects in Kerala, South India

2021 ◽  
pp. 232-239
Author(s):  
K. S. Manju ◽  
K. B. Leena ◽  
L. Vijayalekshmi ◽  
K. T. Shenoy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Soluble Leptin Receptor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Obese Subjects

Background and Aims: Leptin, the peptide hormone secreted mainly by adipose tissue is reported to play the central role in the pathogenesis of obesity. Leptin exerts its biological effects through specific receptor molecules present in target tissues. Among the different isoforms of leptin receptor, the Soluble Leptin Receptor (SLR) is the major leptin binding protein seen in circulation which modulates the bioavailability of leptin. Our objectives were to analyse the level of circulating SLR among obese subjects and its association with biomarkers of obesity, serum leptin, insulin and cardiometabolic risk factors in comparison with healthy age and sex matched control subjects. Methods: About 173 study participants of both genders were selected and grouped as case (n=102) and control (n=71) with a cut off point of BMI 25kg/m2. Waist to hip ratio (WHR) and body fat percentage (BF%) were calculated from anthropometric measurements. Leptin, insulin, soluble leptin receptor were estimated in fasting blood samples by sandwich ELISA method. Fasting plasma glucose and lipid profile were measured by standard enzymatic methods in autoanalyzer. Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Comparison between groups was done by independent sample ‘t’ test. P values <.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The SLR level was found to be increased in obese group in comparison with control group(P =.001). A significant increase in serum leptin and insulin level was observed in obese group when compared to control (P =.001). Obese group showed more than two fold increase in insulin resistance expressed as HOMA-IR when compared to control subjects (P =.001). But no significant difference in the synthesis of insulin expressed as HOMA-beta between the groups. No significant difference in serum lipoprotein levels was observed between the two groups. Conclusion: Increased level of circulating soluble leptin receptor has been observed in obese subjects in comparison with control subjects and is associated with hyperleptinemia, hypertension and insulin resistance.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENYAKIT KRONIS DAN GAYA HIDUP TERHADAP KINERJA VERBAL FLUENCY KATEGORIK PADA LANSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Alysia ◽  
Yvonne Suzy Handajani ◽  
Nelly Tina Widjaja ◽  
Yuda Turana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

CHRONIC DISEASES AND LIFESTYLE IMPACT TO CATEGORY VERBAL FLUENCY PERFORMANCE IN ELDERLYABSTRACTIntroduction: In recent studies, chronic illness and sedentary lifestyle were found to bea risk factors for cognitive impairment. Verbal fluency (VF) is one of the most used instruments.Aim: To determine cognitive impairment using VF and its correlation with risk factors (chronic illness and lifestyle) in elderly.Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted toward 121 elderly respondents in August–September 2017 at Pusaka, West Jakarta. Cognitive impariment was assessesed using VF. VF otherwise disturbed if the value <16.03. Heart disease and stroke were determined by anamnesis. Blood pressure was determined using Riester tensimeter. that has been calibrated. Cholesterol and blood sugar were determined using laboratory result by CHOD-PAP method. Smoking was determined by asking the history of smoking. Physical activity was determined by 24-hour activity recall. Nutrition Intake was determined by food record.Results: There were 63.6% subjects wno had VF impairment. Most respondent were over 65 years old (71.9%), female (66.1%) and education level more than 6 years (72.7%). VF had a significant assosiation with education level (p=0.020; OR=3.792), and without cardiovascular disease (p=0.023; OR=0.111).Discussion: The mayority of respondents had VF impairment, lower education was consistenly as a risk factors while no history of cardiovascular disease as a protective factors of language impairment.Keywords: Chronic diseases, cognitive impairment, lifestyle, verbal fluencyABSTRAKPendahuluan: Pada beberapa penelitian terbaru ditemukan bahwa faktor risiko seperti penyakit kronis dan gaya hidup buruk meningkatkan risiko terkena gangguan fungsi kognitif. Salah satu instrumen yang sering digunakan adalah verbal fluency (VF).Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran fungsi kognitif dengan instrumen VF dan hubungannya dengan faktor risiko (penyakit kronis dan gaya hidup) pada lansia.Metode: Penelitian potong lintang ini dilaksanakan pada 121 responden lansia pada bulan Agustus-September 2017 di Pusaka Jakarta Barat. Gangguan fungsi kognitif dinilai menggunakan instrumen VF. Verbal fluency dikatakan terganggu dengan nilai <16,03. Penyakit jantung dan stroke didapatkan dari anamnesis. Tekanan darah dari hasil pengukuran menggunakan tensimeter yang telah dikalibrasi sebelumnya. Pengukuran kolesterol dan gula darah didapatkan dari hasil laboratorium dengan metode CHOD-PAP. Merokok didapat dari anamnesis. Aktivitas fisik dinilai dari 24-hour activity recall. Asupan nutrisi dinilai dari kuisioner food record.Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan subjek dengan gangguan VF sebanyak 63,6%. Mayoritas responden berusia diatas 65 tahun (71,9%), dengan jenis kelamin wanita (66,1%) dan tingkat pendidikan diatas 6 tahun (72,7%). Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa instrumen VF memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan tingkat pendidikan rendah (p=0,020; RO=3,792), dan tidak berpenyakit jantung (p=0,023; RO=0,111).Diskusi: Mayoritas responden memiliki gangguan bahasa, pendidikan rendah diketahui secara konsisten sebagai faktor risiko sementara tidak ada riwayat penyakit jantung sebagai faktor protektif untuk gangguan fungsi bahasa.Kata kunci: Gangguan fungsi kognitif, gaya hidup, penyakit kronis, verbal fluency

scholarly journals Effects of Different Resistance Training Frequencies on Body Composition, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, and Handgrip Strength in Overweight and Obese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Francesco Campa ◽  
Pasqualino Maietta Latessa ◽  
Gianpiero Greco ◽  
Mario Mauro ◽  
Paolo Mazzuca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Training Frequency ◽  
Weekly Frequency

Background: Resistance training improves health in obese and overweight people. However, it is not clear what is the optimal weekly resistance training frequency and the most efficacious training protocol on body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, and handgrip strength (HS). The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a supervised structured 24 week resistance training program on obese and overweight women. Methods: Forty-five women (BMI 37.1 ± 6.3 kg/m2; age 56.5 ± 0.7 years) were randomly assigned to one of two groups: A group with a high weekly training frequency of three times a week (HIGH) and a group that performed it only once a week (LOW). Cardiometabolic risk factors, anthropometric and HS measures were taken before and after the intervention period. Results: A significant (p < 0.05) group by time interaction was observed for body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, fat mass, plasma glucose, plasma insulin, homeostatic model assessment, and for dominant and absolute HS. Additionally, only the HIGH group saw increased HS and decreased total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol after the intervention period (p < 0.05). The observed increase in HS was associated with an improved insulin resistance sensitivity (absolute handgrip strength: r = −0.40, p = 0.007; relative handgrip strength: r = −0.47, p = 0.001) after training, which constitutes an essential element for cardiovascular health. Conclusions: The results suggest that high weekly frequency training give greater benefits for weight loss and cardiometabolic risk factors improvement than a training program with a training session of once a week. Furthermore, the improvement of HS can be achieved with a high weekly frequency training.

scholarly journals Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) in Predicting Coronary Artery Disease Compared to Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference in a Single Center from Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mostafa Q. Alshamiri ◽  
Faisal Mohd A Habbab ◽  
Saad Saeed AL-Qahtani ◽  
Khalil Abdullah Alghalayini ◽  
Omar Mohammed Al-Qattan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Artery Disease

This study aims to study the efficiency of the Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) for determining coronary artery disease. It compares the frequency of abnormal WHtR, as a proxy for abdominal obesity, to that of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). It also relates the findings to other cardiometabolic risk factors in University Hospital patients. A cross-sectional study design was used, where a sample of 200 patients (142 males and 58 females) who attended the adult cardiac clinic were purposively included. BMI, WC, and WHtR were measured, where frequencies of WHtR were compared to those of BMI and WC. The findings were related to the history of coronary artery disease (CAD) and history of cardiometabolic risk factors, including diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), and hyperlipidemia. Majority of the male patients were older, taller, and had a lower BMI value. It also showed that the prevalence of dyslipidemia and CAD was higher in male patients. No significant difference between both genders was noticed for weight, WC, WHtR, hypertension, or DM. BMI was least associated with high-risk cardiac population in both males and females (39.4% and 60.3%), followed by WC (84.5% and 96.6%, respectively). WHtR showed the highest association with gender (male 98.6% and females 98.3%). These findings were noticed in patients with all risk factors. WHtR is superior to BMI and WC for determining the elevated risk of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and CAD in a single university institute. The role of WHtR in both normal and diseased Saudi population should be delineated.

scholarly journals TRAJECTORIES OF GRIP STRENGTH, CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK FACTORS, AND DISABILITY ON OLDER ADULTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 1298-1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Botoseneanu ◽  
B.A. Shaw ◽  
H. Murayama ◽  
J. Liang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome Knowledge among Adults with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Wang ◽  
Sek Ying Chair ◽  
Eliza Mi-Ling Wong ◽  
Ruth E. Taylor-Piliae ◽  
Xi Chen Hui Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lipid Management ◽  
History Of

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors. Many people may be unaware of their risk for MetS. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted among hospitalized patients with at least one cardiometabolic risk factor in Mainland China. This study assessed the MetS knowledgelevel(through MetS Knowledge Scale, MSKS) and examined the potential predictors by regression analysis. A total of 204 patients aged 58.5 ± 10.1 years (55% males) participated in this study. The majority of participants had no history of hypertension (54%), dyslipidemia (79%), or diabetes (85%). However, 56% of these participants had at least three cardiometabolic risk factors, indicating the presence of MetS. The average MSKS was very low (mean = 36.7±18.8, possible range = 0–100), indicating the urgent needs of MetS education in current practice. Predictors of better MetS knowledge included higher educational level, history of dyslipidemia, and normal high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (F (8, 195) = 9.39, adjusted R2 = 0.192, p< 0.001). In conclusion, adults with cardiometabolic risk factors are at risk of developing MetS, but with a low level of knowledge. Specific health education on MetS should be provided, particularly for those with limited formal education or inadequate lipid management.

P3463Cardiometabolic risk factors in women with a history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Chulkov ◽  
O Tarasova ◽  
N Vereina ◽  
V L Chulkov ◽  
S Sinitsin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
History Of

Abstract Introduction A history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) has the unique potential to identify women at higher risk of future maternal cardiovascular disease (CVD), for whom targeted risk-reduction interventions may be particularly helpful. Purpose The aim of the study was to assess the factors and biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk in women with a history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Methods Cross-sectional study of risk factors and biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk among young women with a history of HDP in comparison with normotensive patients during pregnancy. 117 women were studied: gr. 1 – 33 with a history of HDP, 40 [40–43] years; gr. 2 – 44 without a history of HDP, 39 [32–43] years. The control group consisted of 40 patients, 25 [23–28] years. The time interval after delivery was on average 5 to 19 years. We measured serum glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, lipids, leptin, adiponectin. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was estimated by TTE. Data are presented as M±SD and Me (Q25–Q75). Results Women with HDP more often had hypertension (n=27; 82%), obesity (n=20; 39%) and smoking (n=9; 27%), p1–2,3 <0.05. A higher plasma levels of glucose mmol/L (5.5±0.7 vs 5.2±0.6 and 5.1±0.5), leptin ng/ml (42 [30–50] vs 24 [13–32] and 19 [10–29]) and lower plasma levels of adiponectin were observed in gr.1 vs gr. 2 and controls. Mean value of LVMI (g/m2) was statistically higher in women with HDP vs. without HDP and controls (119.9±23.7 vs 85.9±15.2 and 77.6±11.3), p1–2,3 <0.05. Conclusion It is shown that in women with a history of HDP subsequent changes in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in combination with arterial hypertension and abdominal obesity, which constitute a cluster of the metabolic syndrome, are revealed after careful examination. These changes are also accompanied by insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, adipokine imbalance and more pronounced target organ damage.

scholarly journals Determinants of new onset cardiometabolic risk among normal weight children

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-789
Author(s):  
Andraea Van Hulst ◽  
Marina Ybarra ◽  
Marie-Eve Mathieu ◽  
Andrea Benedetti ◽  
Gilles Paradis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Parental History ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Metabolically Healthy ◽  
New Onset

Abstract Objective To identify determinants for the development of “normal weight metabolically unhealthy” (NWMU) profiles among previously metabolically healthy normal weight children. Methods The QUALITY cohort comprises youth 8–10 years of age with a parental history of obesity (n = 630). Of these, normal weight children with no metabolic risk factors were identified and followed up 2 years later (n = 193). Children were classified as NWMU if they remained normal weight but developed at least one cardiometabolic risk factor. They were classified as normal weight metabolically healthy otherwise. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify whether adiposity (anthropometrics and DXA), lifestyle habits (physical activity, screen time, vegetables, and fruit- and sugar-sweetened beverages intake), fitness, and family history of cardiometabolic disease were associated with new onset NWMU. Results Of the 193 normal weight and metabolically healthy children at baseline, 45 (23%) became NWMU 2 years later (i.e., 48% had elevated HDL cholesterol, 13% had elevated triglycerides, and 4% had impaired fasting glucose). Changes in adiposity between baseline and follow-up were associated with an increased risk of NWMU for all adiposity measures examined (e.g., for ∆zBMI OR = 3.95; 95% CI: 1.76, 8.83). Similarly, a 2-year change in screen time was associated with incident NWMU status (OR = 1.24; 95% CI 1.04, 1.49). Conclusions Children who increase their adiposity levels as they enter puberty, despite remaining normal weight, are at risk of developing cardiometabolic risk factors. Studies examining long-term consequences of NWMU profiles in pediatrics are needed to determine whether changes in screening practice are warranted.

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