scholarly journals ‘Honeytrapping’ Pseudomonas From Water: A Sustainable Prototype For Water Disinfection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemangi Ranade ◽  
Priya Paliwal ◽  
Debarati Paul ◽  
Manali Datta
Keyword(s):  
Potable Water ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Subsequent Diffusion

Abstract This paper introduces a novel prototype for the removal of Pseudomonas from water samples. Bacterial cells have the tendency to get attracted towards specific chemicals (chemotaxis); a ‘honeytrap’ strip was conceptualized by integrating a combination of serine, pseudomonas specific chemo-attractant and honey to attract and inhibit the bacteria in situ. Honey, a natural antimicrobial agent, has garnered attention in its effective inhibitory role in Pseudomonal biofilms and wound infections. Dipping serine side of the strip attracted bacteria towards honeytrap, wherebythe porous nature of the strip facilitated the ‘trapping’ and subsequent diffusion of the bacterial cells towards honey-adsorbed end of the strip. This ‘honeytrap’ reportedly leads to the targeted elimination of Pseudomonas, hence facilitating its removal. The percentage efficacy of this ‘honeytrap’ device is 96% with a log reduction equivalent to 1.6 within a time frame of 2 hours. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, although, not a natural contaminant of potable water, enters circulation due to improperly maintained plumbing fixtures and storage facilities. Honeytrap strip is an easy to use, biodegradable and cost effective sustainable solution, and thus a scaled up version ofthis device may enablesubstantial improvement in quality of potable water.

scholarly journals High-pressure and -temperature spinning capillary cell for in situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1238-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmundo Fraga ◽  
Jesus D. Zea-Garcia ◽  
Armando Yáñez ◽  
Angeles G. De la Torre ◽  
Ana Cuesta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Pressure And Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Well Cement

In situ research of materials under moderate pressures (hundreds of bar) is essential in many scientific fields. These range from gas sorption to chemical and biological processes. One industrially important discipline is the hydration of oil well cements. Existing capillary cells in this pressure range are static as they are easy to design and operate. This is convenient for the study of single-phase materials; however, powder diffraction quantitative analyses for multiphase systems cannot be performed accurately as a good powder average cannot be attained. Here, the design, construction and commissioning of a cost-effective spinning capillary cell for in situ powder X-ray diffraction is reported, for pressures currently up to 200 bar. The design addresses the importance of reducing the stress on the capillary by mechanically synchronizing the applied rotation power and alignment on both sides of the capillary while allowing the displacement of the supports needed to accommodate different capillaries sizes and to insert the sample within the tube. This cell can be utilized for multiple purposes allowing the introduction of gas or liquid from both ends of the capillary. The commissioning is reported for the hydration of a commercial oil well cement at 150 bar and 150°C. The quality of the resulting powder diffraction data has allowed in situ Rietveld quantitative phase analyses for a hydrating cement containing seven crystalline phases.

scholarly journals Optimized Fixation and Storage Conditions for FISH Analysis of Single-cell Suspensions

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 971-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Murrell-Bussell ◽  
Dianne Nguyen ◽  
Wendy D. Schober ◽  
Jeffrey Scott ◽  
Joe Leigh Simpson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Maternal Peripheral Blood ◽  
Flow Cytometric Sorting ◽  
Fish Detection ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

SUMMARY In our protocol to isolate and identify fetal cells in maternal peripheral blood, antibody (Ab)-stained cells are preserved with paraformaldehyde (PF) before batch flow cytometric sorting. However, PF fixation compromises the quality of subsequent interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We therefore examined the effect of PF concentrations and storage time in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) on the quality of FISH signals. Cells were analyzed for changes in light scatter, morphology, and accessibility of target cell DNA. Fixation in 3% PF for 1 hr was ideal for both flow cytometry and subsequent FISH detection. However, beyond 10 days of storage, FISH quality deteriorated.

scholarly journals Quality of Two Florida Blueberry Cultivars after Packaging and Storage

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.R. Miller ◽  
R.E. McDonald ◽  
T.E. Cracker
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
And Storage

Blueberry cultivars Sharpblue (mainly Vaccinium corymbosum L.) and Climax (V. ashei L.) were band-harvested on three occasions and manually packaged into 0.275 liter fiber-pulp cups or automatically packaged in vented polystyrene cups. Berries were evaluated after 1,2, or 3 weeks of storage at 1C and after 2 additional days of storage at 16C, a time frame that simulated a merchandising period. Weight loss of fruit packaged in polystyrene cups was <1% during 3 weeks of storage at 1C, whereas weight loss of berries packaged in fiber-pulp cups was ≈5.0% after similar storage. `Sharpblue' berries were softer at harvest and after each storage duration than `Climax' berries. Decay increased to ≈7% for `Climax' and 28% for `Sharpblue' after 3 weeks of storage at 1C. Package type did not affect decay incidence after 3 weeks of storage; but after 2 additional days at 16C, decay incidence was slightly higher for berries packaged in polystyrene compared with those packaged in fiber-pulp cups. `Sharpblue' should be packaged only in fiber-pulp cups and marketed quickly after harvest to avoid excessive decay.

Combining Traditional Materials-Concrete and Reinforcement - in a Modern Manner-SCC and WWF - for Cost Effective and Zero Defects Construction

2019 ◽  
Vol 803 ◽  
pp. 294-301
Author(s):  
T.A. Rajha Rajeswaran ◽  
A. Ravichandran ◽  
S. Kothandaraman
Keyword(s):  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Free Construction ◽  
Additional Burden ◽  
Traditional Construction ◽  
Concrete Pump

The paper describes how two traditional construction materials-Concrete and Steel Reinforcement can contribute better value to RCC and Precast Concrete structures by modernizing their forms as Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) and Welded Wire Fabric (WWF). SCC is widely accepted by infrastructural, industrial, commercial and even individual house builders – due to its assured quality delivery, especially for cast–in-situ RCC construction. Many defects with conventional vibrated concrete -- honeycombing, segregation and bleeding, loss of workability, choking in concrete pump pipelines and overheating -- have been eliminated or at least minimized by using SCC. For any type of congested reinforcement, mainly in beam – column junctions, edges and corners, SCC has delivered satisfactory filling and honeycomb free densification. Also due to the absence of the use of vibrators, formworks have been spared from joint leakages – saving both the concrete and the formwork itself. But however, even in many advanced construction companies, due to poor detailing practices, and non-mechanized bar-bending (or mechanization limited to only cutting and bending of rebars ), reinforcement laps, splices and bends, hooks, pose an additional burden on the free flow, filling and densification of SCC. Thus using SCC alone may not ensure defect free construction in RCC. The changes should be wholesome and comprehensive. This paper describes how SCC and WWF enhance the quality of RCC construction and ensuring defect free construction. The effects of WWF and SCC are elaborated in detail considering all the physical properties and practical issues. Along with the technical analysis, the commercial and sustainable benefits of SCC and WWF are discussed.

Bioethics In Neurospinal Patient Care

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Andi Asadul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Time Frame ◽  
Hippocratic Oath ◽  
Moral Vision ◽  
Human Identity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Harvey Cushing ◽  
Sharp Focus ◽  
Realistic Approach ◽  
Cord Injury

Neurosurgery is among the newest of surgical disciplines, appearing in its modern incarnation at the dawn of twentieth century with the work of Harvey Cushing and contemporaries. Neurosurgical ethics involves challenges of manipulating anatomical locus of human identity and concerns of surgeons and patients who find themselves bound together in that venture.In recent years, neurosurgery ethics has taken on greater relevance as changes in society and technology have brought novel questions into sharp focus. Change of expanded armamentarium of techniques for interfacing with the human brain and spine— demand that we use philosophical reasoning to assess merits of technical innovations.Bioethics can be defined as systematic study of moral challenges in medicine, including moral vision, decisions, conduct, and policies related to medicine. Every surgeon should still take the Hippocratic Oath seriously and consider it a basic guide to follow good medical ethics in medical practice. It is simple and embodies three of the four modern bioethics principles – Respecting autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice.Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition often affecting young and healthy individuals around the world. Currently, scientists are pressured on many fronts to develop an all-encompassing “cure” for paralysis. While scientific understanding of central nervous system (CNS) regeneration has advanced greatly in the past years, there are still many unknowns with regard to inducing successful regeneration. A more realistic approach is required if we are interested in improving the quality of life of a large proportion of the paralyzed population in a more expedient time frame.

Pengaruh Jenis Co-Solvent terhadap Rendemen dan Mutu Biodiesel secara Transesterifikasi In Situ Menggunakan Radiasi Gelombang Mikro

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Mahlinda Mahlinda ◽  
Fitriana Djafar
Keyword(s):  
Catalyst Concentration ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
In Situ Transesterification ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Solvent Type ◽  
Biodiesel Quality

The main purpose of this research was to observer effect co-solvent type (n-Hexane, chloroform and without co-solvent)  toward yield and quality of biodiesel via in situ transesterification process using microwave irradiation. The process was studied at microwave power 450 watt, reaction time 4 minutes, methanol to seed ratio 25:1 and catalyst concentration 5%. The physicochemical parameters of the biodiesel produced such as viscosity, density and acid value were analysed and compared with the SNI 7182-2012 standard. The experimental result showed the maximum yield biodiesel 78,32% obtained by using co-solvent chloroform.Test result of physicochemical properties (viscosity, density and acid value) of biodiesel products using co solvent n-Hexane, chloroform and without co solvent showed that these products conform to the SNI 7182-2012 standars. The type of co-solvent only affectedon biodiesel yield dan not affected on biodiesel quality (viscosity, density and acid value).  ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh jenis co-solvent (n-Hexane, chloroform dan tanpa co-solvent) terhadap rendemen dan mutu biodiesel secara trasesterifikasi in situ menggunakan radiasi gelombang mikro. Proses dilakukan pada daya gelombang mikro 450 watt, waktu reaksi 4 menit, perbandingan berat metanol terhadap bahan baku 25:1 dan jumlah katalis 5%. Parameter fisiko kimia dari produk biodiesel seperti viskositas, densitas dan angka asam di analisa dan dibandingkan dengan standar SNI 7182-2012 tentang biodiesel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendemen maksimum biodiesel sebesar 78,32% diperoleh dengan menggunakan co-solvent chloroform. Hasil pengujian  karakteristik fisiko kimia (viskositas, densitas dan angka asam) dari produk biodiesel menggunakan co-solvent n-Hexane, chloroform dan tanpa co-solvent menunjukkan bahwa semua parameter ini masih memenuhi standar SNI 1782-2012 tentang biodiesel. Jenis co-solvent hanya berpengaruh pada rendemen biodiesel dan tidak berpengaruh terhadap mutu biodiesel (viskositas, densitas dan bilangan asam).Kata kunci: co-solvent, in situ transesterifikasi, microwave, rendemen, mutu   

Influence of mineral elements on the yield and quality of grain of the prospective line in winter tritikale

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.N. Voronchikhina ◽  
◽  
A.G. Marenkova ◽  
V. S. Rubets ◽  
V. V. Pylnev
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fertilizer System

The results of elements development of varietal agrotechnics of a new high-potential line 238h of winter triticale presented. It was identified that under the conditions of 2020 the most cost effective fertilizer system is an early spring application of NPK (S) (15-15-15 (10)) at a dose of 200kg/ha. The profitability level of this fertilizer was 88,9%.

Regulatory Issues in Pakistan Telecommunication

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (4II) ◽  
pp. 873-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarfaraz Khan Quershi
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Regulatory Issues ◽  
Competitive Price ◽  
Modern Services ◽  
A Company ◽  
Telecom Infrastructure

Growth in telecom infrastructure and provision of modern telecom services to consumers at a cost based tariff helps growth of national economy. Modern telecoms serve as the engine of growth of national economy. Following the global trends of liberalisation and deregulation in telecoms monopolies which have thus far been providing inefficient communication at a greedily high tariffs are falling apart. Mergers in telecoms are not for increasing the size of the monopoly but to provide more efficient and cost effective services to the consumers. In Pakistan the erstwhile T&T department played a needful role at its time. Conversion of the department into a corporation and then into a company were steps necessary for following the global trends. Need now is to continue this trend further, eliminate the monopolistic approach by allowing more players in the field thus permitting the market forces to decide the provision of better quality of modern services at competitive price.

A Sample Preparation on Decapsulation Methodology for Effective Failure Analysis on Thin Small Leadless (TSLP) Flip Chip Package with Copper Pillar (CuP) Bump Interconnect Technology

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwee Hoon Yen ◽  
Ng Kiong Kay
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Flip Chip ◽  
Fault Localization ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fault Isolation ◽  
Voltage Contrast ◽  
Interconnect Technology

Abstract Today, failure analysis involving flip chip [1] with copper pillar bump packaging technologies would be the major challenges faced by analysts. Most often, handling on the chips after destructive chemical decapsulation is extremely critical as there are several failure analysis steps to be continued such as chip level fault localization, chip micro probing for fault isolation, parallel lapping [2, 3, 4] and passive voltage contrast. Therefore, quality of sample preparation is critical. This paper discussed and demonstrated a quick, reliable and cost effective methodology to decapsulate the thin small leadless (TSLP) flip chip package with copper pillar (CuP) bump interconnect technology.

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