scholarly journals Effect of tannin concentration on mycelial growth and development of Auricularia cornea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Zhao ◽  
Dongyu Fan ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Fenghua Tian ◽  
Bing Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Concentration Effects ◽  
Tannin Concentration ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Growth Of Fungi ◽  
Mycelium Biomass

Abstract It is proved that the effect of tannin concentration on the mycelial growth of fungi. Auricularia cornea (white strain) were treated with different concentrations of tannins in petri-dishes and liquid shaking flasks. The growth rate of mycelium, the ratio of clamp connection, morphology of mycelium, biomass of mycelium and activity of antioxidant enzymes were determined. The results showed that different concentrations of tannin significantly decreased the rate of mycelium. However hign concentration of tannin stress increased the content of thiobarbituric acid in mycelia and had obvious time and concentration effects. Different antioxidant enzyme activities also had different responses to tannin stress. It provides theoretical basis for fungi to utilize and develop substrates containing tannin such as pine.

scholarly journals Effect of Tannin Concentration on Mycelial Growth and Development of Auricularia Cornea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Zhao ◽  
Dongyu Fan ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Fenghua Tian ◽  
Bing Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Concentration Effects ◽  
Tannin Concentration ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Growth Of Fungi ◽  
Mycelium Biomass

Abstract It is proved that the effect of tannin concentration on the mycelial growth of fungi. Auricularia cornea (white strain) were treated with different concentrations of tannins in Petri-dishes and liquid shaking flasks. The growth rate of mycelium, the ratio of clamp connection, morphology of mycelium, biomass of mycelium and activity of antioxidant enzymes were determined. The results showed that different concentrations of tannin significantly decreased the rate of mycelium. However hign concentration of tannin stress increased the content of thiobarbituric acid in mycelia and had obvious time and concentration effects. Different antioxidant enzyme activities also had different responses to tannin stress. It provides theoretical basis for fungi to utilize and develop substrates containing tannin such as pine.

scholarly journals Effect of tannin concentration on mycelial growth and development of Auricularia cornea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Zhao ◽  
Dongyu Fan ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Fenghua Tian ◽  
Bing Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Concentration Effects ◽  
Tannin Concentration ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Growth Of Fungi ◽  
Mycelium Biomass

Abstract It is proved that the effect of tannin concentration on the mycelial growth of fungi. Auricularia cornea (white strain) were treated with different concentrations of tannins in petri-dishes and liquid shaking flasks. The growth rate of mycelium, the ratio of clamp connection, morphology of mycelium, biomass of mycelium and activity of antioxidant enzymes were determined. The results showed that different concentrations of tannin significantly decreased the rate of mycelium. However hign concentration of tannin stress increased the content of thiobarbituric acid in mycelia and had obvious time and concentration effects. Different antioxidant enzyme activities also had different responses to tannin stress. It provides theoretical basis for fungi to utilize and develop substrates containing tannin such as pine.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effects of Exogenous Proline on Photosynthetic Attributes, Nutrients Uptake, and Oxidative Stresses under Cadmium in Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan L.)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 796
Author(s):  
Khizar Hayat ◽  
Jafar Khan ◽  
Asif Khan ◽  
Shakir Ullah ◽  
Shahid Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Oxidative Stresses ◽  
Exogenous Proline ◽  
Photosynthetic Attributes

Proline plays a significant role in the plant response to stress conditions. However, its role in alleviating metal-induced stresses remains elusive. We conducted an experiment to evaluate the ameliorative role of exogenous proline on cadmium-induced inhibitory effects in pigeon pea subjected to different Cd treatments (4 and 8 mg/mL). Cadmium treatments reduced photosynthetic attributes, decreased chlorophyll contents, disturbed nutrient uptake, and affected growth traits. The elevated activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase), in association with relatively high contents of hydrogen peroxide, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, electrolyte leakage, and endogenous proline, was measured. Exogenous proline application (3 and 6 mM) alleviated cadmium-induced oxidative damage. Exogenous proline increased antioxidant enzyme activities and improved photosynthetic attributes, nutrient uptake (Mg2+, Ca2+, K+), and growth parameters in cadmium-stressed pigeon pea plants. Our results reveal that proline supplementation can comprehensively alleviate the harmful effects of cadmium on pigeon pea plants.

scholarly journals Proteomic Analysis of the Effect of Inorganic and Organic Chemicals on Silver Nanoparticles in Wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Jhanzab ◽  
Abdul Razzaq ◽  
Yamin Bibi ◽  
Farhat Yasmeen ◽  
Hisateru Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Ag Nps

Production and utilization of nanoparticles (NPs) are increasing due to their positive and stimulating effects on biological systems. Silver (Ag) NPs improve seed germination, photosynthetic efficiency, plant growth, and antimicrobial activities. In this study, the effects of chemo-blended Ag NPs on wheat were investigated using the gel-free/label-free proteomic technique. Morphological analysis revealed that chemo-blended Ag NPs resulted in the increase of shoot length, shoot fresh weight, root length, and root fresh weight. Proteomic analysis indicated that proteins related to photosynthesis and protein synthesis were increased, while glycolysis, signaling, and cell wall related proteins were decreased. Proteins related to redox and mitochondrial electron transport chain were also decreased. Glycolysis associated proteins such as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase increased as well as decreased, while phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase was decreased. Antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase were promoted in response to the chemo-blended Ag NPs. These results suggested that chemo-blended Ag NPs promoted plant growth and development through regulation of energy metabolism by suppression of glycolysis. Number of grains/spike, 100-grains weight, and yield of wheat were stimulated with chemo-blended Ag NPs. Morphological study of next generational wheat plants depicted normal growth, and no toxic effects were observed. Therefore, morphological, proteomic, yield, and next generation results revealed that chemo-blended Ag NPs may promote plant growth and development through alteration in plant metabolism.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity using medicinal plant extracts against pathogens of coffee tree

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Silva ◽  
P. E. Souza ◽  
F. P. Monteiro ◽  
M. L. O. Freitas ◽  
M. B. Silva Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Conidial Germination ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Coffee Tree ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Etiological Agents

Generally, the medicinal plants have antifungal substances that can be used for the plant protection against phytopathogens. The objective of this study was to know the efficiency of aqueous extracts from medicinal plants against the major etiological agents of coffee tree. The aqueous extracts used were extracted from bulbs of Allium sativum, leaves of Vernonia polysphaera, Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon nardus, Cordia verbenacea, Eucalyptus citriodora, Ricinus communis, Azadirachta indica, Piper hispidinervum and flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum. The etiological agents considered for this study were Cercospora coffeicola, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Phoma tarda, Rhizoctonia solani and Hemileia vastatrix. The screening for harmful extracts was done based on mycelial growth and conidial germination inhibition. All experiments performed were in vitro conditions. The inhibition of mycelial growth was performed mixing the extracts with the PDA. This mixture was poured in Petri dishes. On the center of the dishes was added one PDA disc with mycelium. It was incubated in a chamber set to 25ºC. The evaluation was done daily by measuring the mycelial growth. The germination assessment was also performed with Petri dishes containing agar-water medium at 2%. These were incubated at 25ºC for 24 hours. After this period the interruption of germination was performed using lactoglycerol. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design. The most effective plant extracts against the micelial growth and conidial germination were V. polysphaera, S. aromaticum and A. sativum.

scholarly journals Commercial formulations of Bacillus spp. for sugarcane pineapple disease control and growth promotion

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 1311-1319
Author(s):  
Fabio Brandi ◽  
Daniel Winter Heck ◽  
Thiago Costa Ferreira ◽  
Wagner Bettiol
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Field Assay ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Petri Dishes

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the commercial formulations of Bacillus subtilis QST-713 and Bacillus pumilus QST-2808 on mycelial growth inhibition of Thielaviopsis paradoxa, for the control of the pineapple disease and growth promotion in sugarcane. The inhibition of mycelial growth was evaluated in paired culture tests. Bacillus isolates were transferred to Petri dishes 48 hours before the pathogen, and the zone of inhibition was determined. The direct effect of the autoclaved commercial formulations at 0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0% on the inhibition of pathogen mycelial growth was evaluated. Bacillus spp. potential in controlling the disease and promoting plant growth was evaluated in assays on plant development and disease severity, both under controlled conditions and in the field. Bacillus isolates inhibited pathogen mycelial growth; however, the isolates did not control the disease effectively in the growth chamber and in the field. In the field assay without infestation by the pathogen, all treatments with biocontrol agents and fungicide increased the yield of cane stalks and sugar per hectare, compared with the control. In the assay with infestation by the pathogen, the B. pumilus-based product (2.0 L ha-1) and fungicide differed from the control only for the variable number of tillers.

scholarly journals Rhizobacterial Volatiles Affect the Growth of Fungi and Arabidopsis thaliana

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (17) ◽  
pp. 5639-5641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Vespermann ◽  
Marco Kai ◽  
Birgit Piechulla
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Of Fungi ◽  
Bacterial Volatiles

ABSTRACT Volatiles of Stenotrophomonas, Serratia, and Bacillus species inhibited mycelial growth of many fungi and Arabidopsis thaliana (40 to 98%), and volatiles of Pseudomonas species and Burkholderia cepacia retarded the growth to lesser extents. Aspergillus niger and Fusarium species were resistant, and B. cepacia and Staphylococcus epidermidis promoted the growth of Rhizoctonia solani and A. thaliana. Bacterial volatiles provide a new source of compounds with antibiotic and growth-promoting features.

The effects of hydraulic calcium silicate containing endodontic materials on oxidative stress in erythrocytes and liver

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadriye Demirkaya ◽  
Birsen Can Demirdöğen ◽  
Zeynep Öncel Torun ◽  
Onur Erdem ◽  
Yaşar Meriç Tunca
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Dental Cement ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Liver Tbars ◽  
Stress Parameters

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of hydraulic calcium silicate endodontic cements, MTA Angelus, MTA Fillapex, and Theracal LC, on erythrocyte and liver oxidative stress parameters of rats. Methods: Right upper incisor of each rat was extracted and polyethylene tubes containing the dental cements, or left empty for the control group, were inserted into the extraction socket. Blood and liver samples of each animal were obtained after 7, 30, or 60 days. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels and catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were determined by spectrophotometry. Results: Erythrocyte and liver TBARS levels, and CAT and SOD enzymatic activities were significantly increased in dental cement applied groups compared with controls on day 7. The highest erythrocyte and liver TBARS concentrations were observed in the MTA Angelus group on day 7 of exposure. On day 30, erythrocyte CAT activity remained markedly high, but the other parameters returned to almost normal levels. On day 60, all parameters were similar between the control and the experimental groups. Conclusions: This is the first study to show that TBARS levels and antioxidant enzyme activities are transiently increased as a result of dental cement application.

Beneficial effects of carnosine and carnosine plus vitamin E treatments on doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress and cardiac, hepatic, and renal toxicity in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 635-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kumral ◽  
M Giriş ◽  
M Soluk-Tekkeşin ◽  
V Olgaç ◽  
S Doğru-Abbasoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Diene Conjugate ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Objective: Oxidative stress plays an important role in doxorubicin (DOX)-induced toxicity. Carnosine (CAR) is a dipeptide with antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the decreasing or preventive effect of CAR alone or combination with vitamin E (CAR + Vit E) on DOX-induced toxicity in heart, liver, and brain of rats. Methods: Rats were treated with CAR (250 mg kg−1 day−1; intraperitoneally (i.p.)) or CAR + Vit E (equals 200 mg kg−1 α-tocopherol; once every 3 days; intramuscularly) for 12 consecutive days. On the 8th day of treatment, rats were injected with a single dose of DOX (30 mg kg−1, i.p.). Serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI), urea, and creatinine levels; alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities; and oxidative stress parameters in tissues were measured. We also determined thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, diene conjugate, protein carbonyl (PC), and glutathione levels and antioxidant enzyme activities. Results: DOX resulted in increased serum cTnI, ALT, AST, urea, and creatinine levels and increased lipid peroxide and PC levels in tissues. CAR or CAR + Vit E treatments led to decreases in serum cTnI levels and ALT and AST activities. These treatments reduced prooxidant status and ameloriated histopathologic findings in the examined tissues. Conclusion: Our results may indicate that CAR alone, especially in combination with Vit E, protect against DOX-induced toxicity in heart, liver, and kidney tissues of rats. This was evidenced by improved cardiac, hepatic, and renal markers and restoration of the prooxidant state and amelioration of histopathologic changes.

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