scholarly journals Biological Characteristics And Genomic Analysis of A Novel Bacteriophage BUCT609 Infecting Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Han ◽  
Huahao Fan ◽  
Fei Li ◽  
Yigang Tong
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Burst Size ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Blastn Analysis ◽  
The One ◽  
Hospital Sewage

Abstract Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is widely distributed in nature and has a high isolation rate in nosocomial infections. Due to its potential application and important role in clinical practice, the relevant studies of S.maltophilia have received much attention. S.maltophilia phage BUCT609 (GenBank: MW960043) was isolated from hospital sewage with S.maltophilia strain No. 3015 as a host. Morphologically, it can be inferred as Podoviridae phage from the result of transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The electron microscopy also shows that the phage has an isometric capsid ~50 nm in diameter. The one-step growth curve demonstrated that the incubation period of 10 min and the burst size is 382 pfu/cell when its optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) is 0.01. Phage BUCT609 had a high survival rate at pH 3 to 10 and tolerant temperature from 4 ℃ to 55 ℃. Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) results demonstrated that its complete genome is linear double-stranded DNA of 43145 bp in length, and the GC content is 58 %. It has very little resemblance to other phages. The BlastN analysis shows that the genome of phage BUCT609 shares 22 % homology with S.maltophilia phage Ponderosa (GenBank: MK903280.1), and it encodes 56 putative proteins, of which only 25 have annotated function. Phage BUCT609 with a relatively large burst size and excellent survival ability in a wide pH and temperature range, suggests BUCT609 is a potential alternative for multi-drug resistance S.maltophilia therapy.

scholarly journals Biological Characteristics and Genomic Analysis of Aeromonas Hydrophila Phage BUCT551 Isolated From Aquatic Sewage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbo Qin ◽  
Shiting He ◽  
Xuling Xu ◽  
Xiaoping An ◽  
Ke Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Burst Size ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Range Analysis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Blastn Analysis ◽  
One Step ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
The One

Abstract Aeromonas hydrophila is a common opportunistic pathogen in aquaculture and is ubiquitous in aquatic environment. Whereby its accessibility, variety and host specificity, phage is increasingly considered as a promising complementary medicine for antibiotics. However, a small amount of A. hydrophila phages have been characterized, which suggests the significance to isolate and characterize novel A. hydrophila phages. In this study, we isolated a novel Aeromonas hydrophila phage using A. hydrophila strain A18 as an indicator and designated it as BUCT551, and it was identified as Myoviridae phage by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The whole genome sequencing of the phage BUCT551 revealed that it has a linear DNA genome of 613,82 bp. BLASTn analysis showed that phage BUCT551 shared 86.75% homology with A. hydrophila phage LAh_7 (Genebank ID: MK838113.1). The one-step growth curve demonstrated that phage BUCT551 had a latent period of 20 min and the burst size of 32 pfu/cell at its optimal MOI of 0.1. The phage BUCT551 had a survival pH range from 5 to 10 and tolerant temperature from 0℃ to 40℃. Host range analysis shown that the phage was able to lyse not only A. hydrophila, but also A. veronii.

scholarly journals Bacteriophages fEV-1 and fD1 Infect Yersinia pestis

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1384
Author(s):  
Mikael Skurnik ◽  
Salla Jaakkola ◽  
Laura Mattinen ◽  
Lotta von Ossowski ◽  
Ayesha Nawaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Yersinia Pestis ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The One

Bacteriophages vB_YpeM_fEV-1 (fEV-1) and vB_YpeM_fD1 (fD1) were isolated from incoming sewage water samples in Turku, Finland, using Yersinia pestis strains EV76 and KIM D27 as enrichment hosts, respectively. Genomic analysis and transmission electron microscopy established that fEV-1 is a novel type of dwarf myovirus, while fD1 is a T4-like myovirus. The genome sizes are 38 and 167 kb, respectively. To date, the morphology and genome sequences of some dwarf myoviruses have been described; however, a proteome characterization such as the one presented here, has currently been lacking for this group of viruses. Notably, fEV-1 is the first dwarf myovirus described for Y. pestis. The host range of fEV-1 was restricted strictly to Y. pestis strains, while that of fD1 also included other members of Enterobacterales such as Escherichia coli and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. In this study, we present the life cycles, genomes, and proteomes of two Yersinia myoviruses, fEV-1 and fD1.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Escherichia coli Virulent Myophage ST32

Viruses ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honghui Liu ◽  
Hany Geagea ◽  
Geneviève Rousseau ◽  
Simon Labrie ◽  
Denise Tremblay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Burst Size ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Wastewater Sample ◽  
Range Analysis

The virulent phage ST32 that infects the Escherichia coli strain ST130 was isolated from a wastewater sample in China and analyzed. Morphological observations showed that phage ST32 belongs to the Myoviridae family, as it has an icosahedral capsid and long contractile tail. Host range analysis showed that it exhibits a broad range of hosts including non-pathogenic and pathogenic E. coli strains. Interestingly, phage ST32 had a much larger burst size when amplified at 20 °C as compared to 30 °C or 37 °C. Its double-stranded DNA genome was sequenced and found to contain 53,092 bp with a GC content of 44.14%. Seventy-nine open reading frames (ORFs) were identified and annotated as well as a tRNA-Arg. Only nineteen ORFs were assigned putative functions. A phylogenetic tree using the large terminase subunit revealed a close relatedness with four unclassified Myoviridae phages. A comparative genomic analysis of these phages showed that the Enterobacteria phage phiEcoM-GJ1 is the closest relative to ST32 and shares the same new branch in the phylogenetic tree. Still, these two phages share only 47 of 79 ORFs with more than 90% identity. Phage ST32 has unique characteristics that make it a potential biological control agent under specific conditions.

scholarly journals The complete genome sequence of a bile-isolated Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ZT1

Gut Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zhang ◽  
Lixiang Li ◽  
Hongwei Pan ◽  
Tao Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Functional Verification ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Circular Chromosome ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Human Bile

Abstract Background Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is one of the most frequently isolated opportunistic pathogens that can cause infections in humans. Many researches concerned the mechanism of antibiotic resistance displayed by S. maltophilia, however, the mechanism of its pathogenesis and its adaptation to special niches, such as bile, remain unclear. Results In this study, the S. maltophilia strain ZT1 was isolated from human bile. Its genome was sequenced and a circular chromosome of 4,391,471 bp was obtained with a GC content of 66.51%. There were 3962 protein-coding sequences, 7 rRNAs and 74 tRNAs in the chromosome. Compared with Virulence Factor Database, we identified more than 500 candidate virulence genes including genes encoding fimbrial assembly protein, enterobactin synthesis pathway proteins, efflux pumps, and the DNA and/or proteins secretion system in the genome of strain ZT1. Additionally, there were at least 22 genes related to bile adaption, including emrAB, acrRAB, galU, rfbC, tolC and mdtABC. Conclusions This is the first study to reveal the whole genome sequence of the ZT1 strain of S. maltophilia isolated from human bile. We identified hundreds virulence factors and 22 bile adaptation-related genes in the genome of the S. maltophilia strain ZT1. Further comparative genomic analysis and functional verification would aid in understanding the pathogenesis and bile adaptation of S. maltophilia.

Nucleation of Disorder in Fe3Al Alloys

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 312-313
Author(s):  
P. R. Swann ◽  
W. R. Duff ◽  
R. M. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Antiphase Domain ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Domain Structures ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Domain Boundaries ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
The One

Recently we have investigated the phase equilibria and antiphase domain structures of Fe-Al alloys containing from 18 to 50 at.% Al by transmission electron microscopy and Mössbauer techniques. This study has revealed that none of the published phase diagrams are correct, although the one proposed by Rimlinger agrees most closely with our results to be published separately. In this paper observations by transmission electron microscopy relating to the nucleation of disorder in Fe-24% Al will be described. Figure 1 shows the structure after heating this alloy to 776.6°C and quenching. The white areas are B2 micro-domains corresponding to regions of disorder which form at the annealing temperature and re-order during the quench. By examining specimens heated in a temperature gradient of 2°C/cm it is possible to determine the effect of temperature on the disordering reaction very precisely. It was found that disorder begins at existing antiphase domain boundaries but that at a slightly higher temperature (1°C) it also occurs by homogeneous nucleation within the domains. A small (∼ .01°C) further increase in temperature caused these micro-domains to completely fill the specimen.

scholarly journals Complete genome analysis of African swine fever virus responsible for outbreaks in domestic pigs in 2018 in Burundi and 2019 in Malawi

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean N. Hakizimana ◽  
Jean B. Ntirandekura ◽  
Clara Yona ◽  
Lionel Nyabongo ◽  
Gladson Kamwendo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Genome ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Nucleotide Identity ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Domestic Pigs

AbstractSeveral African swine fever (ASF) outbreaks in domestic pigs have been reported in Burundi and Malawi and whole-genome sequences of circulating outbreak viruses in these countries are limited. In the present study, complete genome sequences of ASF viruses (ASFV) that caused the 2018 outbreak in Burundi (BUR/18/Rutana) and the 2019 outbreak in Malawi (MAL/19/Karonga) were produced using Illumina next-generation sequencing (NGS) platform and compared with other previously described ASFV complete genomes. The complete nucleotide sequences of BUR/18/Rutana and MAL/19/Karonga were 176,564 and 183,325 base pairs long with GC content of 38.62 and 38.48%, respectively. The MAL/19/Karonga virus had a total of 186 open reading frames (ORFs) while the BUR/18/Rutana strain had 151 ORFs. After comparative genomic analysis, the MAL/19/Karonga virus showed greater than 99% nucleotide identity with other complete nucleotides sequences of p72 genotype II viruses previously described in Tanzania, Europe and Asia including the Georgia 2007/1 isolate. The Burundian ASFV BUR/18/Rutana exhibited 98.95 to 99.34% nucleotide identity with genotype X ASFV previously described in Kenya and in Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The serotyping results classified the BUR/18/Rutana and MAL/19/Karonga ASFV strains in serogroups 7 and 8, respectively. The results of this study provide insight into the genetic structure and antigenic diversity of ASFV strains circulating in Burundi and Malawi. This is important in order to understand the transmission dynamics and genetic evolution of ASFV in eastern Africa, with an ultimate goal of designing an efficient risk management strategy against ASF transboundary spread.

Biological characteristics and genomic analysis of a Stenotrophomonas maltophilia phage vB_SmaS_BUCT548

Virus Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjing Zhang ◽  
Rongrong Zhang ◽  
Yunjia Hu ◽  
Yujie Liu ◽  
Liqin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Biological Characteristics

scholarly journals Characterization and Full Genome Sequence of Novel KPP-5 Lytic Phage against Klebsiella pneumoniae Responsible for Recalcitrant Infection

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Ahmed R. Sofy ◽  
Noha K. El-Dougdoug ◽  
Ehab E. Refaey ◽  
Rehab A. Dawoud ◽  
Ahmed A. Hmed
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Burst Size ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Full Genome Sequence ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Lytic Phage ◽  
Trna Genes ◽  
Bacteriophage Therapy

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a hazardous opportunistic pathogen that is involved in many serious human diseases and is considered to be an important foodborne pathogen found in many food types. Multidrug resistance (MDR) K. pneumoniae strains have recently spread and increased, making bacteriophage therapy an effective alternative to multiple drug-resistant pathogens. As a consequence, this research was conducted to describe the genome and basic biological characteristics of a novel phage capable of lysing MDR K. pneumoniae isolated from food samples in Egypt. The host range revealed that KPP-5 phage had potent lytic activity and was able to infect all selected MDR K. pneumoniae strains from different sources. Electron microscopy images showed that KPP-5 lytic phage was a podovirus morphology. The one-step growth curve exhibited that KPP-5 phage had a relatively short latent period of 25 min, and the burst size was about 236 PFU/infected cells. In addition, KPP-5 phage showed high stability at different temperatures and pH levels. KPP-5 phage has a linear dsDNA genome with a length of 38,245 bp with a GC content of 50.8% and 40 predicted open reading frames (ORFs). Comparative genomics and phylogenetic analyses showed that KPP-5 is most closely associated with the Teetrevirus genus in the Autographviridae family. No tRNA genes have been identified in the KPP-5 phage genome. In addition, phage-borne virulence genes or drug resistance genes were not present, suggesting that KPP-5 could be used safely as a phage biocontrol agent.

One-Dimensional Fluorescent Nanosized-Diamond Nanowires with Fluorescent Detection of Vitamin B12

NANO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (07) ◽  
pp. 1950084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jilong Wang ◽  
Siheng Su ◽  
Jingjing Qiu ◽  
Shiren Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Anodic Aluminum Oxide Template ◽  
Fluorescent Detection ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Fluorescent Properties ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Sensitivity And Selectivity ◽  
The One

In this paper, a novel and facile method to achieve fluorescent nanosized-diamond based nanowire (NW) is reported. One-dimensional (1D) organic NW has received tremendous attention due to its superior chemical functionality and size-, shape-, and material-dependent properties. In addition, nanosized-diamond is comprehensively studied and investigated due to superior tunable fluorescent properties, cost-effectiveness, facile manufacturing and high biocompatibility. Through thermal treatment, sulfur-modified nanosized-diamond was fabricated by mixing oxidized nanosized-diamond and dibenzyl disulfide at 900∘C. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and zeta potential were employed to characterize sulfur-modified nanosized-diamond. After that, porous anodic aluminum oxide template-assisted cathodic electrophoretic deposition method was used to achieve sulfur-modified nanosized-diamond NW. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were applied to present the one-dimensional structure of the NWs. The optical properties of sulfur nanosized-diamond NW were characterized via ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Finally, the as-synthesized sulfur-modified nanosized-diamond NW-based optical sensor was fabricated to detect vitamin B[Formula: see text] with high sensitivity and selectivity.

scholarly journals Characterization of a New and Efficient Polyvalent Phage Infecting E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., and Shigella sonnei

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2105
Author(s):  
Su-Hyeon Kim ◽  
Damilare Adeyemi ◽  
Mi-Kyung Park
Keyword(s):  
Burst Size ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Cesium Chloride ◽  
Shigella Sonnei ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Lytic Phage ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Ph Range

Ongoing outbreaks of foodborne diseases remain a significant public health concern. Lytic phages provide promising attributes as biocontrol agents. This study characterized KFS-EC3, a polyvalent and lytic phage, which was isolated from slaughterhouse sewage and purified by cesium chloride density centrifugation. Host range and efficiency of plating analyses revealed that KFS-EC3 is polyvalent and can efficiently infect E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., and Shigella sonnei. KFS-EC3 had a latent time of 20 min and burst size of ~71 phages/infected cell. KFS-EC3 was stable and infectious following storage at a pH range of 3 to 11 and a temperature range of −70°C to 60°C. KFS-EC3 could inhibit E. coli O157:H7 growth by 2 logs up to 52 h even at the lowest MOI of 0.001. Genomic analysis of KFS-EC3 revealed that it consisted of 167,440 bp and 273 ORFs identified as functional genes, without any genes associated with antibiotic resistance, virulence, allergenicity, and lysogenicity. This phage was finally classified into the Tequatrovirus genus of the Myoviridae family. In conclusion, KFS-EC3 could simultaneously infect E. coli O157:H7, S. sonnei, and Salmonella spp. with the lowest MOI values over long periods, suggesting its suitability for simultaneous pathogen control in foods.

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