Low Agricultural Potential Exacerbates the Effect of Temperature on Civil Conflicts
Abstract Using data on 172 countries from 1946 until 2014, this paper examines how time-wise variations in temperature at the country level interacted with cross-country variations in agricultural potential impact the incidence of civil conflicts. In the analysis, countries exhibiting high agricultural potential act as a control group for countries with a lower agricultural potential and variations in temperature act as a treatment from one period to the next. This allows identifying the causal impact of the interaction on conflict incidence. We find that deviations in annual or decennial temperature are conducive to a higher probability of being in conflict in countries with lower agricultural potential. The findings have important policy implications to predict, avoid or mitigate conflicts related to climate change.