scholarly journals Efficacy of flumethrin pour on against Haematobia exigua infesting cattle under field conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Periyasamy Anbarasi ◽  
Gurusamy Ponnudurai ◽  
Kandasamy Senthilvel ◽  
Kuppannan Sukumar ◽  
Palani Sriniva
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Treatment Intensity ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
And Control ◽  
Cattle Farms

Abstract The efficacy of flumethrin 1% pour-on (1% w/v, Flumitas) was evaluated against Haematobia exigua on cattle farms in Namakkal district, Tamil Nadu from November 2019 to February 2020. In this study, five farms, which had fly menace, selected randomly were divided as treatment (F1, F2, F3 and F4) and control (Fc) groups. Flies collected from the farms were identified as Haematobia exigua and a mean pre-treatment intensity was 195.56 ± 14.07. In the treatment groups (F1,F2,F3 and F4) flumethrin 1% pour on was applied to the back of cattle at the rate of 1 ml/10 kg body weight and fly intensity was recorded for a period of 2 months. The fly intensity reduced to zero within 30 minutes of application and the same trend continued till 28 DPT in F2 and F3, while it was effective 35 DPT in F1 and F4. A highly significant difference in the mean H. exigua fly counts between control and treatment group (P < 0.0001) was observed.

scholarly journals Teaching English Vocabulary with Greek or Latin Roots to Iranian EFL Students by PLS Sequential Structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. p73
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Shirban Sasi
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
English Word ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

PLS is a newly developed language teaching method which predominantly applies imaginative and random usage of pictures. The present paper explains and reports the application of a PLS technique in teaching English vocabulary with Greek or Latin roots to Iranian EFL learners. A pretest-posttest control-group design was used to investigate the effects of this sequential structures technique. Participants were intermediate level EFL students in two branches of the same language institute in Tehran (N = 94, p ? 0.05). The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups of treatment and control. The experiment lasted for seven one-hour lessons held in successive sessions in three weeks during which 35 Greek and Latin roots were taught with at least three English word examples. For the research instrument, the students were administered a 35-item multiple-choice vocabulary exam for the pre and post tests prior to and immediately after the teaching phase. Consequently, an independent sample T-test was used to examine the outcome of the experiment. At p = .009, the statistical test revealed a significant difference in the gain scores between the two groups. Also, the mean vocabulary gain score of 7.23 for the treatment group as opposed to the mean of 5.35 for the control group illustrated the relative more L2 vocabulary intake for the treatment group.

The effect of thyroxine on the mean and variance of wool production of Merino sheep on natural pasture

1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (19) ◽  
pp. 376
Author(s):  
CHS Dolling ◽  
LR Piper ◽  
MT Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Period ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mean And Variance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Thyroid Secretion

Administration of sodium-1-thyroxine to 14-15 months old medium Peppin Merino wethers resulted in a significant increase in both greasy and clean wool production (P<0.05 in each case) when the wethers were grazing on natural pasture in south-western Queensland. This was demonstrated in an analysis of wool production during a total period of 24 months. Within this period, the wethers treated with thyroxine produced seven per cent more greasy wool per head than did the untreated control sheep (P<0.01) and seven per cent more clean wool (P<0.05) during the 15 weeks following implantation. During the subsequent 17 weeks the treated wethers produced three per cent more greasy wool than the controls (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in clean wool production. There were no significant differences in either greasy or clean wool production in either of the last two periods of the 24-month experiment. There were no significant differences in wool production among the three groups of wethers whose dose rates at a single implantation were 30 mg, 60 mg, and 90 mg respectively. Administration of thyroxine resulted in a significant increase in the variance of greasy wool production during the 15 weeks following implantation (P<0.05) hut had no effect on the variance of clean wool production. The rate of gain in body weight displayed by all groups that received thyroxine was retarded, but groups had returned to their pre-treatment body weight ranking five months after implantation. Mortality was one per cent per annum among implanted animals over the two years following implantation. It is suggested that the response to thyroxine administered in mid-summer may have resulted partly from making good a seasonal deficiency in thyroid secretion. The tactical use of thyroxine to increase wool production per head in a region of considerable within-year or between-year variation of rainfall characterized by unpredictable flushes of pasture growth is discussed. The limited influence of thyroxine on the variance of wool production does not encourage its use as an aid to selection for clean wool production per head.

Efficacy of Fenbendazole and Ivermectin against Trichuris spp. in African Green Monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus) in Barbados West Indies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamara JR Rhynd ◽  
Daniel P Walsh ◽  
Linnell CM Arthur-Banfield
Keyword(s):  
Natural Infection ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Bayesian Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Proportional Reduction ◽  
Green Monkeys

Trichuris spp. are common helminths in NHP, and benzimidazoles and avermectins have both been used to treat theseintestinal parasites. The current study compared the efficacy of fenbendazole and ivermectin against natural infection ofTrichuris spp. in African green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus). Anthelmintic-naive animals (n = 65) were randomly assignedto 4 groups: an untreated control group, and 3 groups treated with either fenbendazole, ivermectin, or both compounds. Fecalsamples were collected before treatment and on days 7, 14, 28, and 60 after treatment, and fecal egg counts (FEC) were determined by using fecal flotation. The mean percentages of FEC reduction at day 60 were 100%, 86%, and 100% for treatmentwith fenbendazole, ivermectin, and both compounds, respectively. Analyzing the time series of FEC by using a Bayesian generalized linear model showed no significant difference in the proportional reduction in FEC among the 3 treatment groups, although all FEC from treated groups were significantly lower than the FEC of the control group. In contrast, the probability of shedding was highest in the ivermectin group and the lowest in the animals treated with both compounds. The probability of shedding differed significantly between the fenbendazole and ivermectin groups and between the ivermectin and combined-treatment groups. In conclusion, both fenbendazole and ivermectin are effective anthelmintics in treating Trichuris spp. infection in African green monkeys. All treatment groups showed significant reductions in FEC when compared with baseline counts and control animals; however, fenbendazole may be more effective than ivermectin when used solely or in combination with other anthelmintic treatments.

Efficacy of Imagery and Meditation Techniques in Treating Psoriasis

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Gaston ◽  
Jean-Charles Crombez ◽  
Jacques Joly ◽  
Sheilagh Hodgins ◽  
Marc Dumont
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Series Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Using a dismantled time-series design, eighteen subjects were randomly assigned to three groups: meditation ( N = 5); meditation and imagery ( N = 4); waiting list ( N = 5). Treatment lasted twelve weeks, while pre- and post-baseline periods were of four weeks. An assessment control group control was also used during baseline periods ( N = 4). The severity of psoriasis symptoms was reliably rated by dermatologists. While controlling for extraneous factors influencing psoriasis symptoms, a time-series multivariate regression analysis revealed a significant difference between the mean psoriasis ratings of treatment and control groups after treatment (partial r = .30, p < .01). No additional impact was associated with the use of the imagery technique (partial r = − .06, p > .05). Four subjects in the treatment groups, two in each condition, succeeded in clinically improving their psoriasis symptoms, and none deteriorated. The practice of mediation may be clinically effective for some patients in reducing their psoriasis symptoms.

scholarly journals Study of sub-clinical endometritis on the basis of endometrial thickness and endometrial cytology in dairy cows after parturition

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshay Sharma ◽  
Madhumeet Singh ◽  
Neelam . ◽  
Pravesh Kumar ◽  
P. K. Dogra
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Endometrial Cytology

Dairy cows assigned to four treatment groups were administered PGF2 analogue (Cloprostenol) on day 8 (n=5), day 25 post partum (n=5), or antibiotic from day 1 to 5 postpartum (n=5), or kept as untreated control (n=5). The monitoring of endometrial thickness of previous gravid and non-gravid uterine horn was performed by transrectal ultrasound scanning on day 43 but there was no significant difference (p>0.05) found between treatment and control group. Endometrial cytology confirmed sub-clinical endometritis in cows under control group based on the mean percentage of PMN cells. Similarly, PMN cells were statistically different (p Lass Than 0.05) between PG8 and control group.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Pengetahuan Ibu-Ibu Rumah Tangga Dalam Perilaku Pengobatan Sendiri Untuk Penatalaksanaan Demam Dengan Metode Cara Belajar Ibu Aktif

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Rezqi Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Mean

Pharmacological therapy in fever patients is to provide Antipyretic drugs, can be done by using a doctor's prescription or by self-treatment. The condition that occurs in the community is self-medication conducted in the category of irrational treatment therapy because it is not in accordance with the condition of the patient. So, it is necessary to do education using Active Mother�s Ways of Learning Method to the housewives about rational fever self-treatment. The sample in this study were 40 housewives in the Flamboyant Bawah, divided into two major groups namely the control and treatment groups. Each group was given a pretest and posttest in a questionnaire of fever management. In the treatment group, fever drug education given before posttest by used CBIA method. The results showed an increase in knowledge of housewives from before education and after education was seen from the acquisition of grades. The mean pretest value in the control group was 74.38 and the treatment group was 69.69. Statistical test results show there was no significant difference in the mean value between the control group and the treatment group. The mean posttest value in the control group was 77.81 and the treatment group was 87.50. There was a significant difference between the mean value of the control group and treatment group. From the results of the statistical analysis showed that the level of knowledge of the treatment group given education by used the CBIA method produced a higher value than the control group that was not given education.

scholarly journals Effects of alfaprostol and luprostiol on the embryo production within MOET technique in Black Bengal goats

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
MI Faruk ◽  
BZ Fatema ◽  
FY Bari ◽  
MGS Alam
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Multiple Ovulation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Surgical Recovery ◽  
The Mean

The effects of Alfaprostol and Luprostiol on embryo production within multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET) technique were studied on 16 Black Bengal goats during the period from January 2002 to June 2003. These 16 goats were randomly divided into two equal groups (A & B), each consisting of 8 goats. Each of the 16 goats was flushed in different times within MOET technique to determine the effects of alfaprostol and luprostiol on embryo production. Each group consisting of 8 donors was synchronized with alfaprostol (Gabbrostim®, VETEM, Italy) or luprostiol (Prosolvin®, Intervet International, Netherlands) @ 2 mg and 7.5 mg, equivalent to 1 ml / donor respectively. The donor goats were hand mated following the onset of oestrus, 1-2 times at 6 h interval depending on the duration of oestrus. The embryos were collected at Day 7 of mating using surgical recovery method. The mean number of ovulation in alfaprostol and luprostiol group was 8.50 ± 0.90 and 8.1 ± 0.76, respectively, where in both cases 900 iu PMSG was used for induction. There was no significant (p > 0.05) difference between this two groups on superovulation rate. The mean numbers of recovered, fertilized and transferable embryos were 5.4 ± 0.80 and 5.1 ± 0.61; 3.9 ± 0.52 and 2.6 ± 0.37 and 3.6 ± 1.6 and 2.4 ± 1.0, respectively, in alfaprostol and luprostiol treatment group. Like superovulation, there was no difference between the two treatment groups on recovered, fertilized and transferable embryos. The percentage of recovered, fertilized and transferable embryos were 63 ± 7.7 and 63 ± 3.74, 72 ± 4.55 and 51 ± 7.0 and 93.6 ± 1.6 and 90.48 ± 1.0 in alfaprostol and luprostiol treated groups, respectively. The significant difference was only existed in the percentages of fertilized embryos between the two treatment groups, where alfaprostol treated group had the significantly (p < 0.01) higher percentage of fertilized embryos.Key words: Alfaprostol; luprostiol; effect; embryo transfer; ovulation; Black Bengal goatsdoi: 10.3329/bjvm.v2i2.2558Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2004). 2 (2): 147-150

scholarly journals Inhibitory effect of jengkol leaf (Pithecellobium jiringa) extract to inhibit Candida albicans biofilm

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Muhammad Luthfi ◽  
Ira Arundina ◽  
Nizamiar Hamni
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Candida albicans (C. albicans) are dimorphic fungi in oral cavity, considered not only as normal flora, but also as pathogens. C. albicans have an ability to grow biofilm, which has a thick layer of outer skin structure, called as extracellular matrix. Jengkol leaves (Pithecellobium jiringa) contain alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and lectins, which have an ability as antifungal agent Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the optimum dose of jengkol leaf extract as antibiofilm against C. albicans biofilms. Method: C. albicans were cultured on yeast peptone dextrosa (YPD) media in 96-well microtiter plate flat bottom plates. There were one control group (without treatment) and three treatment groups. The first treatment group was given jengkol leaf extract at a dose of 100 mg/ ml. The second treatment group was given jengkol leaf extract at a dose of 200 mg/ ml. And, the third treatment group was given jengkol leaf extract at a dose of 400 mg/ ml. Semi quantitative method was applied to determine C. albicans biofilmsis using Crystal Violet staining technique. The absorbance of the cells then was calculated using a spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 570 nm. Result: The mean value of optical density in the control group was 1.23. The mean value of optical density in the treatment group with a dose of 100 mg/ ml was 0.2. Meanwhile, the mean value of optical density in the treatment group with a dose of 200 mg/ ml was 0.2, and 0.21 in the treatment group with a dose of 400 mg/ ml. The results also showed that there were significant differences between the control group and all of the treatment groups (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the treatment groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The optimum dose of jengkol leaf extract used as antibiofilm against C. albicans biofilms is 100 mg /ml with an inhibitory percentage of 83.7%.

Serum Progesterone, Oestradiol-17β, FSH and LH levels in Anestrus Surti buffaloes treated with Ovsynch alone and in combination with PRID

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Savani ◽  
C. T. Khasatiya ◽  
Swati Saxena ◽  
S. B. Patel ◽  
V. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Serum Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Intravaginal Device

This study was carried out on 18 postpartum anestrus Surti buffaloes, divided into three equal groups (6 in each) to evaluate the serum progesterone, oestradiol-17β, FSH and LH concentrations (by ELISA) before, during and after Ovsynch and Ovsynch + PRID protocols. Six anestrus buffaloes each were treated with standard Ovsynch protocol (T1) and Ovsynch along with PRID (Progesterone releasing intravaginal device) protocol (T2) with fixed-time AI (FTAI). Six anestrus buffaloes were kept as untreated control (T3). Blood samples were obtained from the animals on day 0 (before treatment), day 4 (during treatment), day 8 (after PGF2α injection), day of induced estrus/FTAI and day 18 post-AI (after treatment). The mean serum progesterone level on day 4 was significantly (p less than 0.01) higher in the T2 group as compared to T1 and T3 groups, while the level on day 8 was significantly (p less than 0.01) higher in both the treatment groups (T1 and T2) as compared to control group, however there was no significant difference (p>0.05) on the day of estrus between three groups. The mean serum oestradiol-17β and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels on 8th day were significantly higher (p less than 0.01) in both the treatment groups (T1 and T2) as compared to control group (T3). However, there was no significant difference on day 0, 4, day of estrus and day 18 post-AI between groups. The mean serum luteinizing hormone (LH) levels of acyclic buffaloes were not found significantly different (p>0.05) among days in any of the treatment and control groups. But the mean LH concentration on the day of estrus in the T1, T2 and T3 was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) and thereafter decreased markedly on 18th day post-AI in all the groups. The conception rates at FTAI/first estrus in three groups were 66.66%, 50.00% and 75.00%, respectively.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Beet Juice and Red Guava Juice against Erythrocyte and Hematocrit Levels in Post-partum Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 821-825
Author(s):  
Cut Nurhasanah ◽  
Andri Idiana ◽  
Putri Santi ◽  
Yushida Yushida
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND: Post-partum physiological bleeding can cause post-partum mothers to experience anemia; often, post-partum mothers are limited by nutrient and fluid intake to keep the body strong and have ideal body weight. AIM: The aim of the study is to knowing the difference between beet juice and Guava juice on erythrocyte and hematocrit (HTC) levels in post-partum mothers at Darul Imarah Health Center, Darul Imarah District, Aceh Besar District. METHODS: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-post test design using a randomized controlled trial. The population of post-partum mothers in the Darul Imarah Health Center, Darul Imarah District, Aceh Besar District. The sample selection is purposive sampling with inclusion and exclusion criteria; the sample is 45 people. RESULTS: The results showed differences in erythrocyte and HTC levels between before and after giving guava and iron (Fe) juices with a p-value of 0.00 <0.05. Beet juice increases the average erythrocytes and HTC levels higher than guava juice. There were significant differences in erythrocyte levels in the guava + Fe, beet + Fe, and control (Fe) treatment groups with a p-value of 0.001 <0.05. the difference in the average difference in erythrocyte levels between the guava and beet treatment groups was 0.03. The treatment group Bit + Fe had a higher mean erythrocyte level different than the guava + the treatment group and the control group (Fe). There was a significant difference in HTC levels in the guava + Fe, beet + Fe, and control (Fe) treatment groups with a p-value of 0.001 <0.05. the difference in the average difference in erythrocyte levels between the guava and beet treatment groups was 0.03. The treatment group Bit + Fe had a higher mean difference in HTC levels than the guava + the treatment group and the control group (Fe). CONCLUSION: There is a significant difference in erythrocytes and HTC levels between before and after giving guava juice and beet juice to post-partum mothers with a p-value of 0.00 <0.05. Beet juice increases the average level of erythrocytes and HTC, which is higher than guava juice in post-partum mothers at the Darul Imarah Health Center.

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