scholarly journals Existence, Fate And Risk Assessment of Pharmaceuticals During Treatment of Domestic Wastewater: Mass Flow And Consumption Calculation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed I. Badawy ◽  
Fatma A. El-Gohary ◽  
Mahmoud S. Abdel-Wahed ◽  
Tarek A. Gad-Allah ◽  
Mohamed Eid Ali
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Mass Load ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Final Effluent

Abstract In Egypt, pharmaceuticals consumption is dramatically increasing, owing to the population growth and the unrestricted sale manner. Therefore, the occurrence and fate of nine pharmaceutical compounds (PhCs) were scrutinized at the different stages of sewage treatment plant (STP) in Giza, Egypt. Levels of these PhCs were assessed in wastewater and sludge phases by a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled. Nine PhCs were detected in both wastewater and sludge. Average concentration of the total PhCs detected in influent, primary sedimentation effluent and final effluent were 227, 155 and 89 µg/L, respectively. The overall removal efficiency of the individual PhCs ranged from 18 % to 72 % removal. The occurrence trend revealed that biodegradation and sorption are the concurrently removal mechanisms of the studied PhCs. As well, the calculated total mass load of individual PhCs were in the range 328 – 42256, 152 – 26180, and 257 – 6625 g d-1 for influent, effluent and sludge. Meanwhile, the calculated range of personal mass load of the individual PhCs was 193 – 15274, 120 – 10864 and 34 - 265 µg d-1 Pe-1, for the influent, the final effluent and the sludge, respectively. The overall personal pharmaceutical consumption per day in West of Greater Cairo was estimated based on influent concentration of STP. Sulfamethoxazole, paracetamol and diclofenac were identified with the highest levels in the influent of STP, PSE and FE as well as in the dewatered sludge. Furthermore, the high concentrations of these compounds in the sludge confirms the sorption pathway removal of PhCs. Generally, the average daily and annual consumption per capita of the most dominant PhCs in wastewater; sulfamethazole, paracetamol and diclofenac are 60.09, 34.79, and 26.69 mg d-1 Pe-1 and 22, 12.52, and 12.52 g y-1 Pe-1, respectively. Moreover, risk assessment (RQ) for the detected PhCs in FE is greatly higher than the predicted non-effect concentration (PNEC). Conclusively, the FE of STP is considered a risky source for PhCs in adjacent surface water.

scholarly journals Uptake and bio-transformation of telmisartan by cress (Lepidium sativum) from sewage treatment plant effluents using high-performance liquid chromatography/drift-tube ion-mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Lang ◽  
Markus Himmelsbach ◽  
Franz Mlynek ◽  
Wolfgang Buchberger ◽  
Christian W. Klampfl
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Parent Drug ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry

AbstractIn the present study, the uptake and metabolization of the sartan drug telmisartan by a series of plants was investigated. Thereby for seven potential metabolites, modifications on the telmisartan molecule such as hydroxylation and/or glycosylation could be tentatively identified. For two additional signals detected at accurate masses m/z 777.3107 and m/z 793.3096, no suggestions for molecular formulas could be made. Further investigations employing garden cress (Lepidium sativum) as a model plant were conducted. This was done in order to develop an analytical method allowing the detection of these substances also under environmentally relevant conditions. For this reason, the knowledge achieved from treatment of the plants with rather high concentrations of the parent drug (10 mg L−1) was compared with results obtained when using solutions containing telmisartan in the μg - ng L−1 range. Thereby the parent drug and up to three tentative drug-related metabolites could still be detected. Finally cress was cultivated in water taken from a local waste water treatment plant effluent containing 90 ng L−1 of telmisartan and harvested and the cress roots were extracted. In this extract, next to the parent drug one major metabolite, namely telmisartan-glucose could be identified.

Alkylphenol Polyethoxylate Metabolites in Canadian Sewage Treatment Plant Waste Streams

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.T. Bennie ◽  
C.A. Sullivan ◽  
H.-B. Lee ◽  
R.J. Maguire
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Priority Substances ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Nonylphenol Ethoxylate ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Final Effluent

Abstract Nonylphenol polyethoxylates and their refractory metabolites, including nonylphenol, are on the second Priority Substances List (PSL2) to determine if they are "toxic" as defined under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act. This study addresses the need for data on their occurrence in raw sewage, final effluents and sludge in Canada. Samples of raw sewage, final effluent and sludge were collected from 16 wastewater treatment plants across Canada in 1995 and 1996. These samples were analyzed for 4-nonylphenol (4-NP), nonylphenol ethoxylate (NP1EO), nonylphenol diethoxylate (NP2EO) and 4-4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP). Measurable quantities of these chemicals were found in almost all raw sewage and sludge samples. In the raw sewage, concentrations ranged from <0.005 to 21 μg/L for 4-t-OP, from 0.69 to 155 μg/L for 4-NP, from 2.9 to 43 μg/L for NP1EO and from 0.26 to 24 μg/L for NP2EO. Sludge concentrations (based on dry weight) ranged from <0.010 to 20 μg/g, from 8.4 to 850 μg/g, from 3.9 to 437 μg/g and from 1.5 to 297 μg/g for 4-t-OP, 4-NP, NP1EO and NP2EO, respectively. Of the final effluent samples, 60% contained detectable amounts of 4-t-OP and concentrations ranged from <0.005 to 0.37 μg/L. Almost all of the final effluent samples had detectable levels of 4-NP, NP1EO and NP2EO. The 4-NP concentrations varied from <0.020 to 13 μg/L, NP1EO was found in the range of 0.072 to 26 μg/L and NP2EO was found in the range of 0.099 to 21 μg/L.

scholarly journals Microbial air contamination on the premises of the sewage treatment plant in Bydgoszcz (Poland) and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus spp.

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Małecka-Adamowicz ◽  
Łukasz Kubera ◽  
Wojciech Donderski ◽  
Katarzyna Kolet
Keyword(s):  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

AbstractThe study was aimed at evaluating microbial contamination on the premises of the sewage treatment plant by determining the concentrations of selected groups of airborne microorganisms. Another objective was to determine the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of isolated strains of staphylococci. The research was conducted in a seasonal cycle, by the impaction method using Merck MAS-100 air sampler. Samples were collected at six sites, each representing a different stage of sewage treatment. The susceptibility of isolated staphylococci was assessed with the disc-diffusion method, following the recommendations of the EUCAST. The results indicate that the microbial population in the air of the investigated area was dominated by mold fungi, whose highest average concentration was recorded at site IV located near the final clarifier (7672 CFU•m-3). Heterotrophic bacteria and mannitol-positive staphylococci were the most numerous at locations where sewage undergoes primary treatment. In each subseuqent stage the number of microorganisms emitted into the air from the sewage was lower. Antibiograms show that more than 50% of Staphylococcus spp. exhibited resistance to penicillin and 20% to rifampicin. In addition, 90% of the analyzed strains were sensitive to other antibiotics. The fungal community included the following genera: Cladosporium, Fusarium, Alternaria, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Aureobasidium, and Acremonium.The highest air contamination with all studied groups of microorganisms was recorded at the locations where mechanical sewage treatment was performed. During the subsequent stages lower numbers of heterotrophic bacteria were emitted into the air. The air in the investigated sewage treatment plant did not contain multidrug-resistant staphylococci.

scholarly journals Risk assessment of Giardia from a full scale MBR sewage treatment plant caused by membrane integrity failure

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Zhimin Chen ◽  
Wei An ◽  
Shumin Xiao ◽  
Hongying Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Full Scale
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