scholarly journals Various Expression and Clinical Significance of Checkpoint Molecules in Advanced Osteosarcoma: Possibilities for Novel Immunotherapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Xie ◽  
Chenglong Chen ◽  
Xin Liang ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
Xin Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Positive Expression ◽  
Programmed Cell Death 1 ◽  
Checkpoint Molecule ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Clinicopathological Variables

Abstract Background: The fact that studies on anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) or its relevant ligand 1 (PD-L1) have yielded such few responses greatly decreases the confidence in immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors for advanced osteosarcoma. We examined 35 advanced osteosarcoma specimens, characterized the expression of various checkpoint molecules with immunohistochemistry and analyzed the relationship of the expression of these checkpoint molecules with patients’ clinical courses. Methods: Immunohistochemistry for B7-H3, CD47, PD-L1, TIM3, TGF-β, CXCR 4, CD27, IDO1, KIRs and SDF-1 was performed on 35 resected advanced osteosarcoma specimens. Associations between the marker levels and clinicopathological variables and survival were evaluated. Results: The positive rates of B7-H3, CD47, PD-L1, TIM3, and TGF-β expression in this sample of 35 heavily treated osteosarcomas were 29% (10/35), 15% (5/35), 9% (3/35), 6% (2/35) and 6% (2/35), respectively, and diverse staining intensities were observed. Among these advanced patients, 15/35 (43%) had positive checkpoint expression, of whom 33% (5/15) showed evidence of the coexpression of more than 1 checkpoint molecule. We did not find any obvious correlation with clinicopathological characteristics and the positive expression of these molecules; however, for this small sample, a tendency for benefiting from anti-PD-1 therapy was observed in patients with positive B7-H3 expression (P = 0.057). Conclusions: Our study first reported that only a small subset of progressive osteosarcomas expressed tumor immune-associated checkpoint molecules. Those osteosarcomas that had ever been responsive to anti-PD-1 therapy usually had evidence of the coexpression of multiple checkpoint molecules.

The Relationship of the −5, −8, and −24 Variant Alleles in African Americans to Triosephosphate Isomerase (TPI) Enzyme Activity and to TPI Deficiency

Blood ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 2959-2962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Schneider ◽  
Linda Forman ◽  
Beryl Westwood ◽  
Catherine Yim ◽  
James Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Triosephosphate Isomerase ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Nucleotide Substitutions ◽  
Severe Deficiency ◽  
American Society ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract In 424 African-American and 75 white subjects, we found that the −5 (TPI 592 A→G), −8 (TPI 589 G→A), and −24 (TPI 573 T→G) variants in the triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) gene occurred frequently (41.0%) in the African-American subjects but did not occur in the whites. These data suggest that this set of polymorphisms may turn out to be one of the higher-incidence molecular markers of African lineage, a surprising finding because others had reported that these nucleotide substitutions were restricted to a small subset of African Americans who had been characterized as TPI-deficiency heterozygotes. Additionally, we investigated the relationship of these variants to TPI-enzyme activity. Although the variant substitutions (occurring in three haplotypes: −5 alone, −5 −8, and −5 −8 −24) were associated with moderate reduction in enzyme activity, severe-deficiency heterozygotes could not be identified with certainty, and none of the haplotypes were restricted to subjects with marked reduction of enzyme activity. Three subjects were homozygous for the −5 −8 haplotype, a finding inconsistent with the putative role of this haplotype as the cause of a null variant incompatible with life in homozygotes. Despite these findings, the possibility remains that the −5 −8 or −5 −8 −24 haplotypes may in some instances contribute to compound heterozygosity and clinical TPI deficiency. © 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.

scholarly journals The Lung Adenocarcinoma Microenvironment Mining and Its Prognostic Merit

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 153303382097754
Author(s):  
Rongchang Zhao ◽  
Dan Ding ◽  
Wenyan Yu ◽  
Chunrong Zhu ◽  
Yan Ding
Keyword(s):  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Survival Prognosis ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Immune Score ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Kaplan Meier Plotter ◽  
Tumor Topography

Background: As a common pathological type of lung cancer, lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is mainly treated by surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and radiotherapy. Although a relatively mature treatment system has been established, there are few studies on the microenvironment of LUAD. Material and Methods: The immune and stromal scores of patients from the LUAD cohort in the TCGA database were obtained by using ESTIMATE. The relationship of immune and stromal scores with the clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival of LUAD patients was assessed by R. GO, KEGG and Cox regression analyses were employed to analyze intersecting genes and to identify reliable prognostic markers. The identified genes were also analyzed in the GEPIA database to assess their correlations with survival, and these relationships were verified with the Kaplan-Meier Plotter database. Results: The immune score was related to the survival time and tumor topography of LUAD patients. There was a significant correlation between stromal score and tumor metastasis. Through multivariate analysis, stage (HR = 1.640, 95% CI = 1.019-2.642, P = 0.042) and risk score (HR = 1.036, 95% CI = 1.026-1.046, P < 0.001). The genes (ARHGAP15, BTLA, CASS4, CLECL1, FAM129C, STAP1, TESPA1, and S100P) showed credible prognostic value in LUAD patients in TCGA through GEPIA database online analysis and verification in the Kaplan-Meier plotter database. Conclusions: In the microenvironment of lung adenocarcinoma, the differentially expressed genes screened by immune score and stromal score have certain value in evaluating the survival/prognosis of patients, as well as the invasion and progression of tumors.

scholarly journals Knowledge of AIDS and self-efficacy to high-risk sexual practices among Lebanese males in New York

2002 ◽  
Vol 08 (06) ◽  
pp. 732-748
Author(s):  
K. Z. Awad
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Aids Knowledge ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of AIDS knowledge and self-efficacy to high-risk sexual practices among Lebanese males in NewYork was examined. Self-administered questionnaires were completed by a convenience sample. Relationships between AIDS-knowledge and self-efficacy and high-risk sexual practices for the 25 homosexual men were rarely significant, probably because of the small sample. The 261 heterosexual participants had statistically significant relationships between AIDS-knowledge and 9 high-risk sexual practices and between self-efficacy and 18 high-risk sexual practices. For heterosexuals, and to a lesser degree for homosexuals, high-risk sexual practices increased as drug-related behaviours and sex with prostitutes increased.

scholarly journals The Effect of Tibial Slope on Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Matched Case-Control Study Including 317 Revisions

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7_suppl5) ◽  
pp. 2325967119S0029
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Cooper ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Heather A. Prentice ◽  
Tadashi Ted Funahashi ◽  
Gregory B. Maletis
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Tibial Slope ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Radiographic Measurement ◽  
Surgeon Experience ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Objectives: There is evidence the slope of the tibial plateau may play a role in need for revision following ACL reconstruction (ACLR), however, previous studies are limited by small sample sizes, radiographic measurement, single surgeon experience, lateral tibial posterior slope (LTPS) only, or a lack of confounder adjustment. Further, the role of the medial posterior tibial slope (MTPS) on revision risk has yet to be evaluated. We sought to (1) determine the relationship of revision status following ACLR and LTPS, (2) determine the relationship of revision status and MTPS, and (3) determine the relationship of revision status and the difference between MTPS and LTPS. Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study of 317 matched pairs using an integrated U.S. healthcare system’s ACLR registry (2006- 2014). Cases were defined as patients who underwent a revision following primary unilateral ACLR; controls were defined from the same cohort as non-revised patients during the same time frame. Controls were matched to cases according to age, gender, body mass index, race, graft type, femoral fixation device, and follow-up time. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images were used by a single blinded reviewer to measure tibial slopes. Wilcoxon signed rank test was applied to compare the slopes between revised and non-revised groups continuously and McNemar test to compare slopes of ≥12° between groups. Results: No difference was observed between revised and non-revised patients in LTPS (mean: 6.1 vs. 6.1, p=0.972) or MTPS (mean: 4.6 vs. 4.9, p=0.281) measurement. When comparing revised ACLR to non-revised ACLR, a greater proportion of revised ACLR had a LTPS of ≥12° (7.6% vs. 3.8%, P=0.034), while no difference was found in the proportion of ACLR with a MTPS ≥12° (1.6% vs. 2.5%, P=0.405). No difference was found when evaluating the medial-to-lateral slope difference (-1.5 vs. -1.2, p=0.289). Conclusion: In our nested case-control study of over 300 revised ACLR patients matched to non-revised patients, we did not find an association between the slope of the lateral and medial tibial plateaus and revision. [Figure: see text][Table: see text]

scholarly journals Complaining Behavior: The effect of different factors on Consumer Complaining Behavior

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anam Manzoor ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
Mehak Nazir ◽  
Nadia Perveen
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Complaining Behavior ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to comprehensively understand the determinants who affect the customer intention to complain to firm through an integrated model and also the effect of those determinants on the complaint intention and the relationship of those intentions with the complaining behavior.Design/Approach/Methodology: A quantitative research method was used based on self administered questionnaire with a sample size of 171 participants collected by using convenience sample and the results were tested through regression analysis.Findings/Results: The results shows that the complaining intention and attitude towards complaint have a significant relationship with complaining behavior while prior experience and controllability to complain have an insignificant relationship with complaining behavior. Attitude towards complaint and perceived possibility of success have a significant relationship with intention to complain. The antecedent prior experience has a significant relationship with perceived possibility of success and an insignificant relationship with attitude towards complaint. The variable controllability to complaint has a significant relationship with both perceived possibility of success and attitude towards complaint while Perceived alienation has a significant relationship with perceived possibility of success but insignificant relationship with attitude towards complaint.Limitations and recommendations: This study is conducted on a small level with small sample size. Due to which there are some insignificant relationships which can be prove as significant relationship if the sample size is large. A limited number of variables are discussed in this article. Other researchers can elaborate other variables affecting complaining behavior e.g. word of mouth, level of dissatisfaction etc.

scholarly journals The relationship of FOXP3 expression and clinicopathological characteristics in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 617-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kennosuke Karube ◽  
Ryosuke Aoki ◽  
Yasuo Sugita ◽  
Shiro Yoshida ◽  
Yuko Nomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Foxp3 Expression ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
T Cell Leukemia ◽  
Cell Leukemia ◽  
Adult T Cell Leukemia ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Investigating the alternative paradigms of manufacturing competence: an empirical study

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 818-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhurchand Jain ◽  
Gajendra K. Adil ◽  
Usha Ananthakumar
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Capability Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Manufacturing Capability ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship of strategic manufacturing effectiveness utilizing the four-stage model of Hayes and Wheelwright (H-W) with overall performance of manufacturing, market alignment and production competence (PC). In addition, it attempts to understand the relationship of strategic manufacturing effectiveness with manufacturing capability development modes, strategic groups of companies and the nature of improvement programs being employed. Design/methodology/approach Structured questionnaire was used to capture data from manufacturing organizations. Responses from managers of 47 Indian manufacturing companies were used to test the seven propositions that were developed to examine the paradigms of manufacturing competence. Findings The analysis revealed that the strategic manufacturing effectiveness of manufacturing companies based on H-W’s four-stage model has significant positive correlation with the overall performance of manufacturing and PC of the company. Further, the analysis substantiated the relationship of strategic manufacturing effectiveness with capability development process and the nature of improvement programs. Research limitations/implications This exploratory study is based on a small sample of manufacturing companies with diversity and hence it may not be representative of all industry sectors. Second, it has used several scales for measuring the relevant constructs which themselves are not proven, hence, the findings should be taken with caution. Originality/value This is an initial research focussing on the relationships among different elements of manufacturing competence such as manufacturing capabilities, PC, manufacturing capability development mode and overall performance of manufacturing with strategic manufacturing effectiveness using H-W model. H-W model was primarily proposed as an audit tool for managers, was hitherto not adequately studied in relation to other paradigms of manufacturing competence.

scholarly journals Influence of Poverty on Moral Development in Rural Community Lahore

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-124
Author(s):  
Razia Parveen ◽  
Muhammad Hussain ◽  
Iram Majeed ◽  
Muhammad Afzal ◽  
Syed Amir Gilani
Keyword(s):  
Moral Development ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Strong Linear Correlation ◽  
Community People ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Poverty is a major social worldwide issue. "Poverty is like punishment for a crime you didn't commit". Poverty as a concept almost uniquely applied to humans. It refers to a condition that causes its victims through lack of economic resources to live lives in which they cannot fully participate in the range of activities expressive of their nature as human beings Moral is a socialized reasoning that develops as a result of the norms of a society and influenced by the culture of that society.(Dana and Galbraith 2016). Objective: The main purpose of the study is to assess the relationship of poverty and the moral development of community people. Methodology: A co relational study design was use. A small sample of n=100 was selected Convenient sampling technique was used for the collection of data.  Self-prepared 5 point Likert scale questionnaire adapted from thesis of Solomon Fakinlede (2008).The questionnaire tools was used to get some basic information which includes participant age, marital relationship, and family structure, no of children. After the collection of data, it was enter to Statistical Package for Social Sciences 21 (SPSS). Result: The Results found reveals that the coefficient of correlation rs value of the spears man correlation test is 0.939, which suggest that there is a positive, strong, linear correlation between the poverty and moral development. Conclusion: In conclusion, it stated that this research study found the relationship between the poverty and moral development in a society. The results revealed that there is a strong positive correlation between the poverty and moral development of the people.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 5, Issue-3: 113-124

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