scholarly journals Self-evaluation of Health State in Chinese Navy of Different Fleets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yibo Ding ◽  
Shaoping Wu ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Jiluo Liu ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Health State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
System Disease ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health

Abstract Objective: To clarify physical and psychological health state and potential medical need of Chinese navy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in the total of 438 personnel of two fleets in different latitudes in China by self-reported questionnaire. The physical and psychological states were investigated and the potential medical needs were explored.Results: The top was muscle and skeletal system disease, affecting to 59% of the population, followed by respiratory disease, skin disease, oral disease, et al. The frequency of oral disease increased gradually, with the first peak at 26-30 years old. Ophthalmic and Ear-nose-throat diseases increased rapidly over 40 years old. The frequencies of above diseases were higher in submarine of Fleet B than that of Fleet A (P<0.05). In Fleet A, the frequencies of influenza and diarrhea in submarine were higher than those in surface fleet (P<0.001). The corps with low psychological self-evaluation suffered more diseases than those with high evaluation (P=0.04). Conclusions: Fleets in different latitudes exhibited different disease frequencies. Submarine force was more susceptible to infectious disease than surface fleet possibly due to the closed environment. High effective medical care should be given according to the age threshold of 25 and 40.

scholarly journals Feelings of Worthlessness Links Depressive Symptoms and Parental Stress: A Network Analysis During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Skjerdingstad ◽  
Miriam S. Johnson ◽  
Sverre Urnes Johnson ◽  
Asle Hoffart ◽  
Omid V. Ebrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Parental Stress ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Health State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Influential Node

The prevalent co-occurrence between parental stress and depression has been previously established prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. However, no studies to date have identified the connections through which these symptom domains interact with each other to emerge into a complex and detrimental mental health state, along with the plausible mechanistic variables that may play key roles in maintaining parental stress and depression. The aim of this research is to uncover these interactions in a period where parents experience heighted demands and stress as a consequence of the strict social distancing protocols. Network analysis is utilized to examine parental stress and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in a large cross-sectional study (N = 2868) of parents. Two graphical Gaussian graphical network models were estimated, one in which only parental stress and depression symptoms were included, and another in which several mechanistic variables were added. Expected influence and bridge expected influence revealed that feeling worthless was the most influential node in the symptoms network and bridged the two psychological states. Among the mechanistic variables, worry and rumination was specifically relevant in the depressive cluster of symptoms, and self-criticism was connected to both constructs. The study display that the co-occurrence of parental stress and depression have specific pathways, were manifested through feelings of worthlessness, and have specific patterns of connection to important mechanisms of psychopathology. The results are of utility when aiming to avoid the constellation of co-occurring parental stress and depressive symptoms during the pandemic.

Alexithymia and anxiety symptoms in Pakistani adolescents: a study of compounded directions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Sadia jafer ◽  
Farzana Ashraf ◽  
Amna Arif ◽  
Admin
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Effect Of Age

Abstract     Objectives: There is an empirical evidence that symptoms of internalizing disorders such as alexithymia and anxiety increase in adolescence and these symptoms varies across gender and age groups. The purpose of this study was to explore these differences in adolescents. Method: In this cross-sectional study conducted since November 2018 to March 2019, the sample of 185 adolescents selected through random sampling method from different schools. They were assessed on alexithymia and anxiety symptoms by administering Toronto Alexithymia Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Scale respectively. Multiple Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was applied to determine the direct and interactive effect of age groups and gender on alexithymia and anxiety symptoms. Results: The results demonstrate that boys reported significantly (p<0.05) higher level of alexithymia symptoms partially (externally oriented) as compared to their counterparts. Further significant (p<0.05) interactive effect of age group and gender was also seen. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the presence of clinical symptoms in school going adolescents may hinder in the physical and psychological health of adolescents, which should be managed through suitable interventions. Keywords: Alexithymia symptoms, Anxiety symptoms, Continuous...

scholarly journals Reproductive health and birth practices among early married females: A cross-sectional study in Jaipur India

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Chintu Chaudhary ◽  
Mohd. Najmul Aqib Khan ◽  
Sameena Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health

Background: Early marriage is not only a violation of females but also causes harm to their physical and psychological health. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of early marriage and its association with reproductive health of females. Materials and Methods: This community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 322 married females in the field practice areas of JNU-IMRC, Jaipur, Rajasthan. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20.0. Results: The study found that 53.4% of the females had married before the age of 18 years. Significant associations were found between age at marriage, their socio-economic status, number of children, awareness of contraception, and history of various obstetric complications (P<0.05). Conclusion: The study brings forth the fact that early marriages have an adverse effect on reproductive health of the females. Rigorous efforts and policies should be put in place for the adolescents to understand their reproductive health better.

Being a woman, being a soldier, being a mother: a qualitative analysis of perceptions of pregnancy on working lives of women in the Spanish Armed Forces

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjmilitary-2020-001722
Author(s):  
Sheima Hossain-López ◽  
D Ruiz-Berdún
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
Interpretative Approach ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionThirty-two years after Spain first allowed women to join the armed forces, 12% of active troops are women, although there are no data on how many of them are mothers. There is a lack of research related to the impact of motherhood on their careers and the challenges they face as well. Previous quantitative research, within North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) forces, has focused on the increased vulnerability and reduced performance of women returning to service after childbirth. However, no study to date has examined the narratives of these women.MethodsA qualitative, cross-sectional study was carried out by means of individual interviews which were subsequently analysed employing the interpretative approach of hermeneutic phenomenology. All the interviews were conducted by videoconference, being recorded for subsequent transcription and analysis with MAXQDA v.2018.ResultsServicewoman reported experiencing fear of informing their command chain of their pregnancy. Many women described feelings of constantly having to prove their worth, and thus perceived the physical restrictions associated with pregnancy and/or postpartum as a threat to their previous achievements. This sometimes led to behaviours that posed a risk to the health of mothers and babies, or eventually resulted in both acute and chronic conditions.ConclusionsSome restrictions put in place to protect them during their pregnancies become a source of additional anxiety. Returning to active service, we found that women’s desire to fulfil their duties can cause long-term damage to their physical and psychological health. The attitudes servicewomen perceive towards pregnant women and mothers seems to exert a strong influence on the risks they are willing to assume. Understanding and addressing the needs of servicewomen after childbirth, either now, as active members of the Armed Forces, or in the foreseeable future, as veterans, is crucial to both military and civilian healthcare providers.

scholarly journals Addressing childhood obesity - Are we doing enough?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Borg ◽  
D Cauchi ◽  
N Calleja ◽  
C Gauci
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Food System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health

Abstract Background The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity is increasing worldwide, with Malta having one of the highest rates among European countries. Childhood obesity is likely to track into adulthood, and can have multiple physical and psychological health outcomes. It also causes a substantial economic burden on society. A cross-sectional study that aimed to identify barriers to maintaining a healthy weight among children attending primary school, and to assess the level of support for a range of policies aimed at addressing childhood obesity as expressed by their parents/guardians, was conducted in Malta. Methods Data were collected using a paper-based questionnaire that was distributed to a stratified random sample of parents whose children attended free State schools, subsidised Church schools and fee-paying Independent primary schools in Malta and Gozo in 2018. Data were analysed using SPSSv25. Results Responses from 1169 parents were received. There was a dissonance between the most common barriers identified, that were primarily related to the food environment, and the policies that received the most support. Providing more spaces for safe physical activity was the most supported policy (94% in favour). Participants were least supportive of taxation policies, a phenomenon also observed in other countries. The level of support for policies varied significantly by various demographic and socioeconomic factors. Conclusions Recommendations were developed to inform future policies and strategies to address obesity. Policymakers need to take bold, possibly controversial decisions to mitigate against the barriers faced by the population in accessing healthy food and being physically active. Given the globalised nature of media advertising and the food system, a joint international effort is necessary to address this epidemic, such as stricter audio-visual media advertising regulations, food reformulation and mandatory standardised food labels. Key messages The majority of participants supported most of the proposed policies to address obesity. Taxation policies received the least support. Most policies supported are trans-sectoral, therefore a health-in-all policies approach and international collaboration are necessary.

scholarly journals A descriptive study on correlates of stress and coping in relation to demographic variables in retirees of Kashmir valley

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1402
Author(s):  
Ifshana Iliyas ◽  
Shabir Ahmad Dar ◽  
Tabasum Dilawar ◽  
Temheeda Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Stress And Coping ◽  
Kashmir Valley ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: As age develops in employees, they have to get retirement from job permanently or they have to reach their retirement period. Studies on adjustment at retirement report that one-thirds of adults report significant difficulty during this process. This study was carried out to correlate stress and coping among old age retirees in relation to sociodemographic variables.Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 retirees of district Srinagar between June 2015 and June 2016, using a semi-structured questionnaire. Levels of Stress among elderly retirees and their coping were assessed. Correlates of stress and coping were assessed with respect to different sociodemographic variables.Results: Nearly 40% of cases had moderate level, 03% had severe level, 04% had extremely severe level, and around 35% had no stress. Majority of retired employees 85% either used average level, or used good level of coping with a minority 10% using low level of coping. There was a significant positive correlation between the stress and gender, stress and education and stress and years of experience. However there was statistically no significance between coping and demographic variables.Conclusions: There is a need for organized family and social support to improve the physical and psychological health of elderly.

scholarly journals SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT MEDIATES THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ROLE OVERLOAD AND NIGHTTIME AWAKENING OF DEMENTIA CAREGIVERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S675-S675
Author(s):  
Jiaming Liang ◽  
Maria P Aranda ◽  
Donald Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Role Overload ◽  
National Study ◽  
Longitudinal Models ◽  
Dementia Caregivers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
Relevant Factors

Abstract Caregivers tend to report role overload and nighttime awakening given the burden of caregiving. Previous research has not explored the association between role overload and nighttime awakening among dementia caregivers. Social engagement has been found to be associated with physical and psychological health outcomes of caregivers. Thus, the present study aims to examine whether role overload is associated with nighttime awakening of dementia caregivers and whether social engagement will mediate the association. We conducted a cross-sectional study by using the 2015 National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) and National Study of Caregiving (NSOC). Six-hundred-and-sixty-nine dementia caregivers were included in the analysis. Relevant factors were controlled as covariates including age, gender, race/ethnicity, etc. Nearly 45% of participants reported suffering from nighttime awakening at “some” or “more” nights within one month, among which half of them reported “almost” or “every” night. Role overload was found associated with caregivers’ nighttime awakening (β=.135, 95%CI: .094 to.176, p&lt;.001). The mediated model shows 7.4% of association between role overload and nighttime awakening could be explained by the mediation of social engagement (β= .010, 95%CI: 0.99x10-2 to 1.01x10-2, p&lt;.05). The study suggests that dementia caregivers with high levels of role overload tend to experience nighttime awakening more than those who reported low role overload. A modest mediated effect indicates that role overload of dementia caregivers can predict their nighttime awakening partly through decreasing their social engagement. Other factors and longitudinal models shall be discussed to further explore the theoretical mechanisms of caregiver stress.

scholarly journals Attitudes of Physicians in Jordan Toward Non-Disclosure of Health Information

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saif M. Borgan ◽  
Justin Z. Amarin ◽  
Areej K. Othman ◽  
Haya H. Suradi ◽  
Yasmeen Z. Qwaider
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Truth Disclosure ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
The Right ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Objectives: Our aim was to investigate the attitudes of physicians in Jordan toward non-disclosure and the differential attitudes of physicians who are “always truthful” and those who are not. Methods: Our report is based on the second subset of data from a cross-sectional study of the truth disclosure practices and attitudes of physicians in Jordan, which was conducted between January and August 2016. We selected 240 physicians from four major hospitals by stratified random sampling, and we invited them to complete a self-administered questionnaire regarding truth disclosure attitudes. We compared the attitudes of physicians who were “always” truthful and those who were not. Results: In total, 164 physicians (68%) completed the questionnaire, of whom 17 (10%) were “always truthful”, while the remaining 144 (90%) were not. Physicians who were “always truthful” were more likely to indicate that non-disclosure is “unethical” (77% v. 39%; p=0.009). Moreover, physicians who were “always truthful” were more likely to disagree that non-disclosure is beneficial for the physical and psychological health of patients (82% v. 55%; p=0.03). The majority of physicians agreed that all patients have the right to know their diagnosis, most patients prefer to know their diagnosis, and the introduction of legislation to enforce disclosure would positively affect medical practice in Jordan. Conclusion: The differential attitudes of physicians who were “always truthful” and those who were “not always truthful” suggest a rationale behind independent non-disclosure, namely that non-disclosure is ethically justifiable and beneficial for the physical and psychological health of patients.Keywords: Truth Disclosure • Physicians • Attitude • Jordan • Middle East • Cross-Sectional Studies

scholarly journals The Impact of Psychological Flexibility on Psychological Well-Being in Adults With Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Guerrini Usubini ◽  
Giorgia Varallo ◽  
Valentina Granese ◽  
Roberto Cattivelli ◽  
Simone Consoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Psychological Flexibility ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health And Well Being

Obesity is a global health problem that affects both physical and psychological health and well-being. Psychological flexibility is one of the key components related to psychological health. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate the impact of psychological flexibility on psychological well-being in a sample of 220 individuals with obesity. Multivariate analysis was performed to investigate the role of psychological flexibility in explaining psychological well-being, controlling for confounding factors (sex, age, and Body Mass Index). According to the results, psychological flexibility significantly explained psychological well-being. Our study provides additional evidence of the impact of psychological flexibility on psychological well-being. It also provides further support for the importance of integrating psychological flexibility in the psychological interventions for obesity.

scholarly journals Bullying and associated factors in adolescents aged 11 to 15 years

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Azevedo da Silva ◽  
Taiane de Azevedo Cardoso ◽  
Karen Jansen ◽  
Luciano Dias de Mattos Souza ◽  
Russélia Vanila Godoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brazilian Literature ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Behavior

INTRODUCTION: Bullying among adolescents has become the subject of extensive research due to its negative effects on attitude and behavior. However, Brazilian literature on the topic is scarce. OBJECTIVE: To assess bullying and associated factors among adolescents in a population-based sample in southern Brazil. METHOD: Population-based, cross-sectional study with adolescents aged 11 to 15 years living in the municipality of Pelotas, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. RESULTS: A total of 1,145 adolescents were included. Bullying behaviors and attitudes were found to be associated with the following factors: intentionally skipping classes, failing at school, using alcohol, smoking cigarettes, using illegal drugs, having engaged in sexual intercourse, carrying a weapon, being involved in an accident/being run over by any vehicle, and being involved in fights with physical aggression. CONCLUSION: Bullying is associated with several behaviors that pose risk to the adolescents' physical and psychological health.

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