scholarly journals Persistence of antibodies against Spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 in health care workers post double dose of BBV-152 and AZD1222 vaccines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari Ram Choudhary ◽  
Debaprasad Parai ◽  
Girish Chandra Dash ◽  
Jaya Singh Kshatri ◽  
Narayan Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Heath Care ◽  
Antibody Levels

Abstract Rationale: Vaccine rollout in India was initiated in mid-January, 2021 and is supposed to be the only antidote against SARS-CoV-2 as of now.Objectives: To study the dynamicity of vaccine-induced IgG antibody against SARS-CoV-2.Methodology: The present cross-sectional cohort study was undertaken to determine IgG antibody among health care workers with completed dose of either Covaxin or Covishield and were followed for 24 weeks after first dose of either vaccine to record the periodic changes in titre, concentration, clinical growth and persistence of vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.Results: Serum samples were collected from 614 participants during each follow-up and tested them in two CLIA-based platforms for testing SARS-CoV-2 antibodies both qualitatively and quantitatively. Among these participants, 308 (50.2%) were Covishield recipient and rest 306 (49.8%) took Covaxin. A total of 81 breakthrough cases was recorded among the cohort participants for whom infection post vaccination acted as booster. The rest 533 heath care workers without any history of post-vaccination infection showed significant antibody waning either from T3 (Covaxin recipient) or T4 (Covishield recipient).Conclusion: The clinical implications of waning antibody levels post vaccination are not well understood, and it remains crucial to establish S-antibody thresholds associated with protection against clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) among Health Care Workers in Three Health Facilities of Yaounde, Center Region of Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Philippe Salomon Nguwoh ◽  
Akenji Blaise Mboringong ◽  
Joseph Fokam ◽  
Christian Ngounouh Taheu ◽  
Ibrahima Halilou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) first appeared in December 2019 in Wuhan, China and has subsequently become a worldwide pandemic. During the pandemic, health care workers (HCWs) were very exposed to COVID-19 infected patients. The aim of this study was to determine seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) among HCWs in three health facilities of Yaounde. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 368 HCWs was conducted from January 18th to February 13th, 2021, in three health facilities located in city of Yaounde. Data of study participants were collected by face-to-face interviews using standard questionnaire. Blood samples were collected in labelled dry tubes and analyzed using Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) cassettes (Abbott PanbioTMCOVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test Device). The data collected was analyzed using Epi info version 7. Any value of p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The average age was 30.25 (SD±10.43) years old, range from 21 to 72 years old. Overall, the positivity rates of IgM, IgG and IgM+IgG were 6.79% (n=25), 17.93% (n=66) and 1.09% (n=4) respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that, the rate of IgM positivity was highest in laboratory personnel (χ2= 7.99, p=0.3) and IgG (χ2= 8.50, p=0.29), IgM+IgG (χ2= 1.92, p=0.26) respectively in pharmacy and clinical personnel. The clinical signs such as fever (˃38°C) or history of fever was statistically significant with IgM (χ2=11.71, p= 0.0006) while, sore throat was statistically significant associated with IgM (χ2= 14.3, p= 0.0008) and IgG (χ2= 6.33, p= 0.04). Conclusion: The results of this study reveal a high seroprevalence of circulation of the virus in hospital milieu in Yaounde suggesting the continuation of the COVID-19 « Track-Test-Treat » system to break the chain of transmission.

scholarly journals Seasonal Betacoronavirus Antibodies’ Expansion Post-BNT161b2 Vaccination Associates with Reduced SARS-CoV-2 VoC Neutralization

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Dispinseri ◽  
Ilaria Marzinotto ◽  
Cristina Brigatti ◽  
Maria Franca Pirillo ◽  
Monica Tolazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Sequential Samples ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Neutralization Ability

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 vaccination is known to induce antibodies that recognize also variants of concerns (VoCs) of the virus. However, epidemiological and laboratory evidences indicate that these antibodies have a reduced neutralization ability against VoCs. We studied binding and neutralizing antibodies against the Spike protein domains and subunits of the Wuhan-Hu-1 virus and its alpha, beta, delta VoCs and of seasonal betacoronaviruses (HKU1 and OC43) in a cohort of 31 health care workers prospectively followed post-vaccination with BNT162b2-Comirnaty. The study of sequential samples collected up to 64 days post-vaccination showed that serological assays measuring IgG against Wuhan-Hu-1 antigens were a poor proxy for VoC neutralization. In addition, in subjects who had asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 prior to vaccination, the loss of nAbs following disease could be rapid and accompanied by post-vaccination antibody levels similar to those of naïve vaccinees. Interestingly, in health care workers naïve for SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccination induced a rapid and transient reactivation of pre-existing seasonal coronaviruses IgG responses that was associated with a subsequent reduced ability to neutralize alpha and beta VoCs.

scholarly journals COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among health care workers amidst ongoing pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 3981
Author(s):  
Geetu Singh ◽  
Renu Agarwal ◽  
Khan Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Appropriate Behavior ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
Heath Care

Background: Beyond the current pandemic of COVID-19 disease, development and subsequently global access of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 is vital. However, concern about vaccine hesitancy (delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccination despite availability of vaccination services) is a growing issue. With limited literature, this study aims to explore vaccine hesitancy for COVID-19 disease among health care workers.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional anonymous online survey on heath care workers of medical college, Agra from 1 to 15 January 2021. Survey consisted of questions on demographic background, health status, and willingness for vaccination, reasons for unwillingness and items related to information about COVID-19 vaccination.Results: The study received responses from 400 health care workers. In present study, 233 (58.25%) responded that they are very likely to get COVID-19 vaccine (vaccine acceptance). 33.50% of HCWs were uncertain about being vaccinated (vaccine hesitant) and 8.25% HCWs reported that they are very unlikely to get vaccinated (vaccine resistant). Females were less willing for vaccination and significant gender wise difference was found. Majority of participants cited side effects (56%) and fast moving clinical trials (45%) as reasons for not going for vaccination. In context of COVID appropriate behavior, 93%, 77% and 70% responded that they will wear mask, practice social distancing and avoid social gatherings respectively even after vaccination.Conclusions: Our study finds that COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and resistance in HCWs is 41.75%. Governments, public health officials and advocacy groups must be prepared to address hesitancy and build vaccine literacy so that the public will accept vaccine.

scholarly journals Antibody Persistence 6 Months Post-Vaccination with BNT162b2 among Health Care Workers

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1125
Author(s):  
Flaminia Campo ◽  
Aldo Venuti ◽  
Fulvia Pimpinelli ◽  
Elva Abril ◽  
Giovanni Blandino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Antibody Persistence ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Open Debate ◽  
Chemiluminescent Immunoassay ◽  
Antibody Levels

Background: We present immunogenicity data 6 months after the first dose of BNT162b2 in correlation with age, gender, BMI, comorbidities and previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: An immunogenicity evaluation was carried out among health care workers (HCW) vaccinated at the Istituti Fisioterapici Ospitalieri (IFO). All HCW were asked to be vaccine by the national vaccine campaign at the beginning of 2021. Serum samples were collected on day 1 just prior to the first dose of the vaccine and on day 21 just prior to the second vaccination dose. Thereafter sera samples were collected 28, 49, 84 and 168 days after the first dose of BNT162b2. Quantitative measurement of IgG antibodies against S1/S2 antigens of SARS-CoV-2 was performed with a commercial chemiluminescent immunoassay. Results: Two hundred seventy-four HWCs were analyzed, 175 women (63.9%) and 99 men (36.1%). The maximum antibody geometric mean concentration (AbGMC) was reached at T2 (299.89 AU/mL; 95% CI: 263.53–339.52) with a significant increase compared to baseline (p < 0.0001). Thereafter, a progressive decrease was observed. At T5, a median decrease of 59.6% in COVID-19 negative, and of 67.8% in COVID-19 positive individuals were identified with respect to the highest antibody response. At T1, age and previous COVID-19 were associated with differences in antibody response, while at T2 and T3 differences in immune response were associated with age, gender and previous COVID-19. At T4 and T5, only COVID-19 positive participants demonstrated a greater antibody response, whereas no other variables seemed to influence antibody levels. Conclusions: Overall our study clearly shows antibody persistence at 6 months, albeit with a certain decline. Thus, the use of this vaccine in addressing the COVID-19 pandemic is supported by our results that in turn open debate about the need for further boosts.

scholarly journals ANTI - SARS-CoV-2 ANTIBODY SCREENING IN HEALTH CARE WORKERS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH CLINICAL PRESENTATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suraj Aryal ◽  
Sanskriti Pandit ◽  
Sushant Pokhrel ◽  
Madira Chhusyabaga ◽  
Pabitra Bista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antibody Screening ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
History Of

Background: Antibody titration and the life span of the antibody against SARS-CoV-2 have been found to be determined by the clinical presentation as well. The extent of exposure of health care workers and the general public to SARS-CoV-2 needs to be assessed to monitor the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this study is an attempt in assessing the anti-SARs-COV-2 antibody in health care workers. Methods: This laboratory-based cross-sectional study was performed in Manmohan Memorial Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu from November 2020 to January 2021. A total of 185 HCWs were screened for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody in the blood serum specimens . A structured questionnaire was administered to collect information from HCWs. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody screening was performed using a lateral flow immunoassay. Data were analyzed according to standard statistical methods using SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 185 HCWs were participated in the study, among which 41 (22.2%) of them tested positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody. Among the 41 individuals who tested positive, 37 of them tested positive for IgG only and 4 of them tested positive for both IgM and IgG antibodies. Presence of history of SARS-CoV-2 infection (p<0.001), presence of flu-like symptoms within the last 6 months (p<0.001), and presence of positive contact history (p=0.002) were statistically significant with antibody screening among HCWs. Conclusion: The burden of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers seems to be high and HCWs are at risk of acquiring infection in the workplace. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody screening among health care workers is highly recommended in multiple healthcare settings that can help in monitoring transmission dynamics and evaluation of infection control policies.

scholarly journals A Serosurvey Identifying Vulnerability to Measles in Health Care Workers. A Hospital-Based Prospective Seroprevalence Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4219
Author(s):  
Jana Malinová ◽  
Marek Petráš ◽  
Alexander M. Čelko
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Concomitant Disease ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Way

The aim of this serological survey was to assess the persistence of measles antibodies among health care workers (HCWs) at risk of incidental measles. A prospective study of measles-specific antibodies in serum samples obtained from a total of 2782 participants aged 19–89 years was conducted between May 2018 and December 2019. The seropositivity rate of 93.7% (95% CI: 92.4–94.9%) in fully vaccinated participants aged 19–48 years was significantly lower than that of 98.0% (95% CI: 96.5–99.0%) in participants naturally immunised before 54 years. A cohort of those born in 1971–1975, vaccinated predominantly with one dose, showed lower seropositivity persistence (86.6%) than those fully vaccinated with two doses or naturally immunised. Otherwise, seropositivity was not markedly influenced by sex, age, smoking status, overweight, obesity or concomitant disease. The presence of sufficient antibody levels in a high proportion of HCWs irrespective of the way they acquired immunity is a favourable finding for managing incidental measles; hence, in the presence of a risk of a measles outbreak, it would be possible to perform targeted vaccination of only at-risk HCWs with a history of incomplete vaccination or missing information about the way in which immunity is acquired.

scholarly journals Antibody Response after First-dose of ChAdOx1-nCOV (Covishield) and BBV-152 (Covaxin) amongst Health Care Workers in India: Preliminary Results of Cross-sectional Coronavirus Vaccine-induced Antibody Titre (COVAT) study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
AWADHESH KUMAR SINGH ◽  
Sanjeev Phatak ◽  
Nagendra Kumar Singh ◽  
Arvind Gupta ◽  
Arvind Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Responder Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
History Of

Background: Two vaccines are currently being administered in India to prevent the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We assessed the humoral immune response after the first dose of two vaccines ChAdOx1-nCOV (CovishieldTM) and BBV-152 (CovaxinTM) in Indian health care workers (HCW). Methods: This ongoing, Pan-India, Cross-sectional, Coronavirus Vaccine-induced Antibody Titre (COVAT) study is being conducted amongst HCW, with or without past history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike binding antibody is being assessed quantitatively at four timepoints between 21 days or more after the first dose to 6 months after the second dose. Primary aim is to analyze antibody response following each dose of both vaccines and its correlation to age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and comorbidities. Here we report the preliminary results of anti-spike antibody response after the first dose. Results: Amongst the 552 HCW (325 Male, 227 Female), 456 and 96 received first dose of Covishield and Covaxin respectively. Overall, 79.3% showed seropositivity after the first dose. Responder rate and median (IQR) rise in anti-spike antibody was significantly higher in Covishield vs. Covaxin recipient (86.8 vs. 43.8%; 61.5 vs. 6 AU/ml; both p<0.001). This difference persisted in propensity-matched (age, sex and BMI) analysis in 172 subjects. No difference was observed with age, gender and BMI. History of hypertension had lower responder rate (65.7 vs. 82.3%, p=0.001). Covishield recipient had more adverse event vs. Covaxin arm (46.7 vs. 31.2%, p=0.006). Presence of comorbidities, past SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine types used were independent predictors for seropositivity after the first dose, in multiple logistic regression analysis. Conclusions: While both vaccines elicited immune response, seropositivity rates to anti-spike antibody were significantly higher in Covishield recipient compared to Covaxin after the first dose. Ongoing COVAT study will further enlighten the immune response between two vaccines after the second dose.

scholarly journals Dynamics of anti-Spike IgG antibody level after full BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccination in health care workers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Ikezaki ◽  
Ryoko Nakashima ◽  
Kahori Miyoshi ◽  
Yuichi Hara ◽  
Jun Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Alcohol Drinking ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Induced Immunity ◽  
Igg Level

Introduction: The administration of a third vaccine is ongoing in many countries, but the evaluation of vaccine-induced immunity is still insufficient. This study evaluated anti-spike IgG levels in 373 health care workers six months after the BNT162b2 vaccination. Methods: Dynamics of anti-spike IgG levels six months after the 2nd vaccination were assessed in 49 participants (Analysis-1). A cross-sectional assessment of anti-spike IgG level was performed in 373 participants (Analysis-2). Participants positive for anti-nucleocapsid IgG or IgM and receiving immunosuppressants were excluded from Analysis-2. Results: In Analysis 1, the median anti-spike IgG level was lower in the older age group and decreased consistently after the second vaccination regardless of age. In Analysis-2, the anti-spike IgG level was significantly negatively associated with age (r = -0.35, p < 0.01). This correlation remained statistically significant (r = -0.28, p < 0.01) even after adjusting for sex, BMI, smoking habits, alcohol drinking habits, allergies, and the presence of fever or other adverse reactions at the time of the vaccination. Alcohol drinking habit was also associated with the anti-spike IgG level; daily alcohol drinkers had significantly lower anti-spike IgG levels than never alcohol drinkers. Sex, smoking habit, allergy, and fever and other side effects after the vaccination were not associated with anti-spike IgG levels six months after the 2nd vaccination. Conclusions: Six months after the vaccination, the anti-spike IgG level was substantially low among older persons and daily alcohol drinkers.

Stepping up detection, response, preparedness and readiness measures for “COVID-19”- A Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1042-1047
Author(s):  
Khushbu Balsara ◽  
Deepankar Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Frontline Workers ◽  
Diagnostic Assays ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Short Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Detection Response ◽  
Care Worker

In a very short period of time, “COVID-19” has seized the consciousness globally by making remarkable changes in our day to day living and has superintended as a public health emergency globally. It has high radar of transmission, affecting an individual at work to frontline workers. The measures and planning for a response plays a key role from drawing up an emergency committee and this follows an equation which broadly deals with epidemiological to clinical history of the patient, management steps from isolation, screening, diagnostic assays for identification and treatment. The application of an organized plan with secure structure aids in better performance, increases efficacy of management and saves time. Also saves time for a health care worker to g through routine levels of channels of administration if already a familiar way of operation is known for such situations. Thus, planning and developing a ‘blueprint of approach’ towards management of patient while facing such situation is a must. This review provides an insight to the measures for detection, response and preparedness of the hospital and health care workers should largely be inclusive of; also highlights the measures to be taken at every step after coming in contact with a positive case of “COVID-19”.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Psychological Impact on Health Care Workers in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6076
Author(s):  
Hasan S. Alamri ◽  
Wesam F. Mousa ◽  
Abdullah Algarni ◽  
Shehata F. Megahid ◽  
Ali Al Bshabshe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Psychological Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Little is known about the impact of Coronavirus (COVID-19) among the health care workers in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the psychological impact of COVID-19 among the health care workers. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May till mid-July among 389 health care workers from government and private hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Data was collected using a pre-structured online questionnaire that measured adverse psychological outcomes, including the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scale and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale. The Pearson chi-square test was used to assess the distribution of depression and anxiety among health care workers. Results: A high level of anxiety was recorded among the health care workers, and 69.3% of health care workers below the age of 40 were found to have depression. There was a significant increase in depression among staff with chronic health problems (72.1% vs. 61.9%; p = 0.048). High anxiety levels were detected among young staff compared to others (68.7% vs. 43.8%; p = 0.001). Moreover, 82.1% of the female staff were anxious, as compared to 55.6% of the males (p = 0.001). Conclusions: We found increased prevalence of adverse psychological outcomes among the health care workers in Saudi Arabia during the outbreak of COVID-19. Therefore, there is a need for proper screening and development of corresponding preventive measures to decrease the adverse psychological outcomes.

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