scholarly journals Growth of Palm Trees and Woods in the Urban Environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria de Fatima Silva ◽  
Laércio Antônio Gonçalves Jacovine ◽  
Angeline Martini ◽  
Carlos Moreira Miquelino Eleto Torres ◽  
Isabella Salgado Faustino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Secondary Growth ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Linear Type ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Sigmoidal Model ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Trees in the urban environment provide several ecosystem benefits to the population, such as decreasing temperature, increasing humidity, shading, improving air quality, as well as physical and mental well-being. These can be enhanced through the knowledge of the growth of the trees in function of the characteristics of the place where they are inserted. Thus, the objective was to estimate the growth in diameter, height and volume of forest species in the urban environment, in Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. For this, woody individuals and palm trees present in the urban afforestation of the headquarters campus of the Federal University of Viçosa were selected based on age and had their diameter, breast height and height measured. Allometric equations specific to the study site were used to estimate their volume, and through the relationship with age, the average annual increment was obtained. Woody individuals showed a growth rate in volume of 0,0279 ± 0,0274 m³ year-1 and palm trees, 0,0139 ± 0,0119 m³ year-1. The differences in the average annual increase in volume found between woody individuals and palm trees may be due to morphological differences that affect the secondary growth of individuals. The growth rate of trees in the urban environment is higher when compared to those in forest fragments and experimental plantings. The decrease in growth rates with increasing age was expected due to the relationship between them being of the non-linear type, following a sigmoidal model.

scholarly journals Participation to Leisure Activities and Well-Being in a Group of Residents of Naples-Italy: The Role of Resilience

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Cocozza ◽  
Pier Luigi Sacco ◽  
Giuseppe Matarese ◽  
Gayle D. Maffulli ◽  
Nicola Maffulli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Natural Beauty ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

We explored the relationship between cultural and social participation, physical activity, and well-being in a group of residents of the metropolitan area of Naples, Italy and the role that resilience plays in this relationship. Naples offers a remarkable urban environment with the potentially beneficial psychological effects of outstanding natural beauty, and one of the world’s most impressive repositories of tangible and intangible cultural heritage. However, Naples was also, and still is, heavily affected by the 2008 economic crisis, in addition to preexisting social and economic issues. The major finding of this study is that, despite this highly contrasting urban environment, the combination of physical activity and engagement in social and cultural activities has a positive effect on subjective (self-reported) psychological well-being (SPWB) in a group of residents, and that resilience mediates this relationship.

scholarly journals Shared Prosperity: Concepts, Data, and Some Policy Examples

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco H. G. Ferreira ◽  
Emanuela Galasso ◽  
Mario Negre
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Track Record ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

“Shared prosperity” is a common phrase in current development policy discourse. Its most widely used operational definition—the growth rate in the average income of the poorest 40% of a country’s population—is a truncated measure of change in social welfare. A related concept, the shared prosperity premium—the difference between the growth rate of the mean for the bottom 40% and the growth rate in the overall mean—is similarly analogous to a measure of change in inequality. This article reviews the relationship between these concepts and the more established ideas of social welfare, poverty, inequality, and mobility. Household survey data can be used to shed light on recent progress in terms of this indicator globally. During 2008–2013, mean incomes for the poorest 40% rose in 60 of the 83 countries for which we have data. In 49 of them, accounting for 65% of the sampled population, it rose faster than overall average incomes, thus narrowing the income gap. In the policy space, there are examples both of “pre-distribution” policies (which promote human capital investment among the poor) and “re-distribution” policies (such as targeted safety nets), which when well-designed have a sound empirical track record of both raising productivity and improving well-being among the poor.

scholarly journals VERTEBRATES AS POTENTIAL DISPERSERS OF PALM TREES IN AN URBAN ENVIRONMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Leandro Siqueira FERNANDES ◽  
Edson Rodrigues COSTA ◽  
Aline Souza de Menezes MEDEIROS ◽  
Tainara Veturini SOBROZA ◽  
Marcelo GORDO
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
The Other ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Large Potential ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Astrocaryum Aculeatum

Palm trees are important resources for many species of animals, which when consumed the fruits promote the movement of the seeds. Palm trees of the genus Attalea and Astrocaryum are often abundant in forest fragments. However, little is known about animals that consume their fruits. The objective of this work was to identify the animals that consume fruits of Attalea maripa and Astrocaryum aculeatum. The study was carried out in the forest fragment of (UFAM), in Manaus, Brazil. The observations were made from July to September / 2018 with the help of binoculars, camera traps and photographic. The camera traps were installed in an A. aculeatum tree and eight A. maripa trees for 24 hours. In general, 11 species of animals (primates, rodents, marsupials and birds) feeding on the fruits. The seeds were consumed near the mother trees. No predated seeds were found. The mammals corresponded to the majority (72.73%) of the animals that consumed the fruits. On the other hand, despite the minority (27.27%), birds also use such resources. Most of the large potential dispersers no longer exist in the UFAM fragment, but the representatives identified in the work benefit and play the fundamental role for the dispersion of fruits.

scholarly journals Immigrants’ Experiences of Happiness and Well-being in Northern Iceland

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Barillé ◽  
Markus Meckl
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Our analysis reveals that well-being is higher among immigrants in northern Iceland with strong social capital and with some connections to local networks. Individuals often resort to individual rationale to explain their circumstances, their choices and their subsequent well-being. We begin the discussion by very briefly reviewing the literature on well-being and by introducing the context in which the study was realised. In the following section, we examine the relationship between feelings of well-being and the urban environment; then we explore the belief that opportunities are plentiful in this northern town, and finally look at the relationship between the social support of immigrants and their well-being.

The Relationship Between Hearing Loss Self-Management and Hearing Aid Benefit and Satisfaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Convery ◽  
Gitte Keidser ◽  
Louise Hickson ◽  
Carly Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Hearing Aid Benefit ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Hearing loss self-management refers to the knowledge and skills people use to manage the effects of hearing loss on all aspects of their daily lives. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-reported hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Method Thirty-seven adults with hearing loss, all of whom were current users of bilateral hearing aids, participated in this observational study. The participants completed self-report inventories probing their hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between individual domains of hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Results Participants who reported better self-management of the effects of their hearing loss on their emotional well-being and social participation were more likely to report less aided listening difficulty in noisy and reverberant environments and greater satisfaction with the effect of their hearing aids on their self-image. Participants who reported better self-management in the areas of adhering to treatment, participating in shared decision making, accessing services and resources, attending appointments, and monitoring for changes in their hearing and functional status were more likely to report greater satisfaction with the sound quality and performance of their hearing aids. Conclusion Study findings highlight the potential for using information about a patient's hearing loss self-management in different domains as part of clinical decision making and management planning.

Different Future Time Perspectives Interplay in Predicting Life Satisfaction

GeroPsych ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjie Lu ◽  
Angel Y. Li ◽  
Helene H. Fung ◽  
Klaus Rothermund ◽  
Frieder R. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Time Perspective ◽  
Hong Kong Chinese ◽  
Future Time ◽  
Time Perspectives ◽  
Time Extension ◽  
Future Self ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This study addresses prior mixed findings on the relationship between future time perspective (FTP) and well-being as well as examines the associations between three aspects of FTP and life satisfaction in the health and friendship domains. 159 Germans, 97 US Americans, and 240 Hong Kong Chinese, aged 19–86 years, completed a survey on future self-views (valence) and life satisfaction. They also reported the extent to which they perceived future time as expanded vs. limited (time extension) and meaningful (openness). Findings revealed that individuals with more positive future self-views had higher satisfaction. However, those who perceived their future as more meaningful or perceived more time in their future reported higher satisfaction even when future self-views were less positive.

Compensatory Coping Through the Extension of Working Hours

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maie Stein ◽  
Sylvie Vincent-Höper ◽  
Nicole Deci ◽  
Sabine Gregersen ◽  
Albert Nienhaus
Keyword(s):  
Job Demands ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Leader Member Exchange ◽  
Workplace Health ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Advance Knowledge

Abstract. To advance knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between leadership and employees’ well-being, this study examines leaders’ effects on their employees’ compensatory coping efforts. Using an extension of the job demands–resources model, we propose that high-quality leader–member exchange (LMX) allows employees to cope with high job demands without increasing their effort expenditure through the extension of working hours. Data analyses ( N = 356) revealed that LMX buffers the effect of quantitative demands on the extension of working hours such that the indirect effect of quantitative demands on emotional exhaustion is only significant at low and average levels of LMX. This study indicates that integrating leadership with employees’ coping efforts into a unifying model contributes to understanding how leadership is related to employees’ well-being. The notion that leaders can affect their employees’ use of compensatory coping efforts that detract from well-being offers promising approaches to the promotion of workplace health.

Emotional Impact Feedback Changes How We Remember Negative Autobiographical Experiences

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 354-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie K. T. Takarangi ◽  
Deryn Strange
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personal Perspective ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
Negative Memory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Negative Memories ◽  
Over Time

When people are told that their negative memories are worse than other people’s, do they later remember those events differently? We asked participants to recall a recent negative memory then, 24 h later, we gave some participants feedback about the emotional impact of their event – stating it was more or less negative compared to other people’s experiences. One week later, participants recalled the event again. We predicted that if feedback affected how participants remembered their negative experiences, their ratings of the memory’s characteristics should change over time. That is, when participants are told that their negative event is extremely negative, their memories should be more vivid, recollected strongly, and remembered from a personal perspective, compared to participants in the other conditions. Our results provide support for this hypothesis. We suggest that external feedback might be a potential mechanism in the relationship between negative memories and psychological well-being.

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