scholarly journals Effects of Socio-economic Factors on Research Over Systemic Sclerosis: an Analysis Based on Long Time Series of Bibliometric Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Guo ◽  
Zeyu Zhou ◽  
Yinhe Liang ◽  
Chuanhui Xu ◽  
Lin Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Abstract Background Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare detrimental disease warranting mobilization of global research efforts. Evaluating how socio-economic factors impact country research output on SSc could help to identify solutions advancing SSc research.Methods Publication production on SSc during 1969–2018 and data for structural and policy factors for WHO member countries were collected from public sources. Associations between SSc research output and country-level factors were investigated through panel regression. Difference-in-differences analysis further assessed the causal effects of rare disease legislation. Results SSc publications showed an increasing annual growth rate (−0.3% during 1969–1983 vs. 6.9% during 2000–2018), but were concentrated in high-income countries (HICs). Ten countries, nine of which were HICs, published 12 261 (77.5%) SSc publications but another 87 countries produced none. GDP, population and expenditure on research and development were positively associated with SSc publications (p<0.001). Higher health expenditure was only found to be associated with increased SSc publications in HICs (p<0.001). Rare disease legislation increased annual publication production by 62.8% (95% CI 0.390–0.867; p<0.001) averagely. In MICs, the effect was especially swift and lasting. No significant impact was found with GDP per capita, female percentage, and political indicators.Conclusions SSc research output increased over time with substantial country disparities. Effective health policies facilitating research should be expanded especially among MICs to accelerate research advancement.

scholarly journals Effects of socio-economic factors on research over systemic sclerosis: an analysis based on long time series of bibliometric data

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Guo ◽  
Zeyu Zhou ◽  
Yinhe Liang ◽  
Chuanhui Xu ◽  
Lin Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Domestic Products ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Abstract Background Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare detrimental disease warranting global research efforts. Evaluating how socio-economic factors impact country research output on SSc could help to identify solutions advancing research. Methods Publication production on SSc during 1969–2018 and data for structural and policy factors for WHO member countries were collected from public sources. Associations between SSc research output and country-level factors were investigated through panel regression. Difference-in-differences analysis further assessed the causal effects of rare disease legislation. Results SSc publications demonstrated exponential growth (r = 0.9410, as against an r = 0.8845 after linear adjustment), but were concentrated in high-income countries (HICs). Ten countries, nine of which were HICs, published 12,261 (77.5%) SSc publications but another 87 countries produced none. Gross domestic products (GDP), population and expenditure on research and development were positively associated with SSc publications (p < 0.001). Higher health expenditure was only found to be associated with increased SSc publications in HICs (p < 0.001). Rare disease legislation increased annual publication production by 62.8% (95% CI 0.390–0.867; p < 0.001) averagely. In middle-income countries (MICs), the effect was especially swift and lasting. No significant impact was found with GDP per capita, female percentage, and political indicators. Conclusions SSc research output increased over time with substantial country disparities. Effective health policies facilitating research should be expanded especially among MICs to accelerate research advancement.

scholarly journals Research output on systemic sclerosis and socio-economic factors: An analysis of country-level panel data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Guo ◽  
Zeyu Zhou ◽  
Yinhe Liang ◽  
Chuanhui Xu ◽  
Lin Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Scientific Output ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Country Factors ◽  
Effect Heterogeneity

Abstract Background Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare detrimental disease warranting mobilization of global research efforts. We aimed to evaluate impacts of country factors on research output over SSc to identify solutions promoting research. Methods Publication production on SSc during 1969–2018 and data for structural and policy factors were collected from public sources. Effects of country-level factors were investigated through panel regression in WHO member countries. Difference-in-differences analysis assessed the impacts of rare disease legislation. Effect heterogeneity across income levels was evaluated using group regression. Results SSc publications showed increasing annual growth rate (−0.3% during 1969–1983 vs. 6.9% during 2000–2018). Totally, ten countries published 12 261 (77.5%) SSc publications but another 87 countries produced none. High-income countries with higher GDP, larger population, and higher health expenditure tended to publish more (p<0.001). Whereas in middle-income countries (MICs) SSc scientific output was significantly associated with expenditure on research and development( p <0.001). Rare disease legislation increased annual publication production by 62.8% (95% CI 0.390–0.867; p <0.001) averagely. Notably, the effect of legislation was swift and lasting in MICs during the first five years. No significant impact was found with GDP per capita, female percentage, and political indicators. Conclusions SSc research output increased over time with substantial country disparities. Effective health policies facilitating research should be expanded especially among MICs to accelerate global advancement.

EFFECTS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS ON GOVERNMENTAL TAX EXPENDITURES FOR PRIVATE PENSIONS IN SELECTED OECD COUNTRIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
BYUNG WOOK JUN ◽  
SOO JEAN PARK ◽  
SUNG MAN YOON
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Public Pensions ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Private Pensions ◽  
Tax Expenditures ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Tax Benefits ◽  
The Government ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

With the advent of an aging society all over the world, there has been a growing policy interest in the pension system that can guarantee old-age income at some level. Many countries also encourage people to join public pensions as well as private pensions. As a result, there has been a phenomenon of substituting private pensions. This study investigates the effects of various socio-economic factors on tax benefits for private pensions at the country level. The results of this study show that lower total income replacement rate of public pension and private pension assets leads to increasing tax expenditures on private pensions. And also, higher individual tax burden and governmental social welfare expenditure causes to increase tax expenditures on private pensions. Despite differences in the type of old-age income security systems by country, it is recognized that attempts to resolve the public pensions crisis caused by socio-economic changes take the form of expanding the roles of private pensions. So, this study provides politic implications that lower benefits from public pensions lead to expanded roles of private pensions supported by the government.

scholarly journals Does migration influence corruption in Europe?

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 468-478
Author(s):  
Liviu-Stelian Begu ◽  
Adriana AnaMaria Davidescu ◽  
Simona-Andreea Apostu ◽  
Andreea-Oana Enache
Keyword(s):  
Economic Factors ◽  
Panel Regression ◽  
European Level ◽  
Statistical Software ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Corruption Perception ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Corruption and migration influence the country level of development, so they have been debated and studied for a long time. Has been written a lot about the two phenomena and their relations with many social and economic factors, but the two also influence each other. The higher the level of corruption in a country, the more people will be more likely to migrate and vice versa. This study aims to study the link between the two phenomena considering the countries from Europe, over time, for the period 2008-2016, highlighting the implications in the economy. The variables analyzed are the Corruption Perception Index and the number of emigrants. The methods used are panel regression and cluster analysis and the processing and analysis was performed using the statistical software SAS (version 9.2) and SPSS (version 13 and 25). The findings show that there is a link at European level between the two phenomena, corruption and migration have a similar trend over time, and significant differences are registered between countries.

Climate Change and Infectious Diseases; Evidence from Highly Vulnerable Countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asim ANWAR ◽  
Sajid ANWAR ◽  
Muhammad AYUB ◽  
Faisal NAWAZ ◽  
Shabir HYDER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Panel Ardl ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Background: Climate change is an alarming challenge for humanity at large due to its mediating role in emergence and spread of infectious diseases like cholera and malaria. This study was conducted to examine the effect of climate change and some socio-economic factors on incidence of infectious diseases. Methods: We used country level panel data over the 1990-2017 period using panel ARDL-PMG technique on highly affected countries from climate change. Results: There is a long run co-integrating relationship among climate change, socio-economic factors and prevalence of infectious diseases. Climate change, as measured by the temperature, is contributing to the spread of infectious diseases. Conclusion: This is the first study giving evidence of the impact of climate change on incidence of infectious diseases as can be seen from highly vulnerable countries to climate change. It is recommended to improve the level of education along with public health and town planning to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases.    

scholarly journals Problems and Trends of the Development of Labor Market in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Сhernyayeva,
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Shadow Economy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
High Position ◽  
State Management ◽  
Labor Exchange ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The article discusses mechanisms and models of state regulation of the labor market in Ukraine. The system of relations in the labor market is one of the most urgent directions of the socio-economic link of the state. The greatest influence on a state and dynamics of development of labor market provide socio-economic factors. The purpose of article is the research and assessment of the Ukrainian labor market, determine the socio-economic conditions for its development. It was noted not high position in a number of international rankings, a much higher level of remuneration in European countries than in Ukraine in recent years. It was analyzed the tendencies of labor migration of Ukrainian citizens under the conditions of European integration. Key problems in the development of the labor market in Ukraine include: low level of unemployment regulation, lack of clear structure of the labor market, insufficient number of jobs, lack of mechanisms for regulating the labor market, etc. It was investigated the main foreign models of regulation of employment and the labor market. It was considered the creation of a migration labor exchange to solve the problems of employment of Ukrainian citizens abroad. The implementation of this program will bring back into the labor market able-bodied unemployed citizens who already long time cannot find work in Ukraine and reduce the abuse associated with the shadow economy that does not declare their income. It was established that the effectiveness of solving the problems of the labor market and employment are substantially caused by state regulation. There are given the main directions of ensuring the efficiency of state management of the labor market of Ukraine on the basis of the conducted research of problems and tendencies of development, foreign experience. The directions include flexible employment policies at the national and regional levels, improving the system of continuing vocational education, creating appropriate legislation, promoting the development of the national economy and legalizing shadow employment.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Factors in Child Labor: Moderating Role of Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Haider Chauhan ◽  
Noor Ul Ain
Keyword(s):  
Child Labor ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The notion of child labor has disquieted the researcher. This paper highlights the impact of poverty, unemployment and social progress on child labor based on data from 30 countries to ascertain that incidence of child labor may be high with high level of poverty and unemployment along with low level of social progress and educational attainment. The results reveal that poverty has a positive while social progress and unemployment has negative relation with child labor. Moreover, education moderates the causal effects of social progress on child labor, while social progress also mediates the relationship between poverty and child labor.

scholarly journals Socio-economic factors of farmers in implementing the profit-sharing system in beef cattle business

2021 ◽  
Vol 888 (1) ◽  
pp. 012084
Author(s):  
St Rohani ◽  
A R Siregar ◽  
T G Rasyid ◽  
I M Saleh ◽  
M Darwis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Random Data ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Abstract One of the regency in South Sulawesi Province that implements a profit-sharing system is Bone Regency which has been done by farmers for a long time and has been carried out from generation to generation. This system is one of the local wisdoms for the community in managing the beef cattle business. The aim of this study was to analyze the socio-economic factors of farmers in implementing a profit-sharing system in beef cattle business in Bone Regency. The type of the research was an explanatory study with a sample of 175 farmers who were taken simple random. Data were collected through interviews with the help of a questionnaire where each variable measured used a Likert scale, namely 1 = disagree, 2 = disagree less, 3 = agree and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicated that socio-economic factors of farmers have a significant effect on the profit-sharing system in beef cattle business in Bone Regency.

scholarly journals Potential impact of water transfer policy implementation on lake eutrophication on the Shandong Peninsula: a difference-in-differences approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1063-1076
Author(s):  
Jia He ◽  
Jiping Yao ◽  
Aihua Li ◽  
Zhongxin Tan ◽  
Gang Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Lake Eutrophication ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Shandong Peninsula ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Abstract Traditional research on lake eutrophication has failed to consider the effect of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project (SNWTP) policy; thus, the difference-in-differences (DID) model, which is usually applied to economic factors, was innovatively introduced to evaluate the effect of such policies on lake eutrophication. Nansi Lake and Dongping Lake in the Shandong Peninsula were selected as the experimental group, and Daming Lake and Mata Lake were selected as the control group. The eutrophication indices of the experimental group and the control group were calculated by the measured chlorophyll-a, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, water transparency and chemical oxygen demand data and used as the explanatory variables of the DID model. Nine environmental and socio-economic factors, such as dissolved oxygen and rural population, were selected as the control variables of the DID model to analyze the impact of the SNWTP policy on lake eutrophication. A joint consideration of environmental and socio-economic factors showed that the eutrophication degree of the experimental lakes deteriorated by 7.10% compared with the control under the influence of the implemented policy. Dissolved oxygen is the main factor affecting the eutrophication of the Shandong Peninsula. This study verifies that the DID model has the potential for use in quantitative analyses of the effect of the SNWTP policy on lake eutrophication.

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