scholarly journals Changing Perceptions of Macrodistributive Justice in China: A Comparative Analysis Based on CGSS2005 and CGSS2015

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Hu ◽  
Ziyao Zeng ◽  
Zekai Lu ◽  
Ying Xie
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Potential Benefit ◽  
Income Gap ◽  
Intergenerational Differences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Justice Perceptions ◽  
Differentiation Status ◽  
The Stability

Abstract We use comparative data from CGSS2005 and CGSS2015 to explore people's changing perceptions of macrodistributive justice in China. Despite the widening income gap, the public's recognition of distribution justice has increased. Significant economic growth has improved people's tolerance for income differentiation and helps to explain the stability of the social structure in China. However, potential benefit differentiation, status changes, intergenerational differences, values and other factors have greatly increased the disequilibrium of justice perceptions.

Victor S. D'Souza. Development Planning and Structural Inequalities: The Response of the Underprivileged. New Delhi: Sage Publications 1990. Pages 206 + Index. Price: Rs 180 (Hardbound).

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-317
Author(s):  
Ziaul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
The Social

Deveiopment planning in India, as in other developing countries, has generally been aimed at fostering an industrially-oriented policy as the engine of economic growth. This one-sided economic development, which results in capital formation, creation of urban elites, and underprivileged social classes of a modern society, has led to distortions in the social structure as a whole. On the contrary, as a result of this uneven economic development, which is narrowly measured in terms of economic growth and capital formation, the fruits of development have gone to the people according to their economic power and position in the social structure: those occupying higher positions benefiting much more than those occupying the lower ones. Thus, development planning has tended to increase inequalities and has sharpened divisive tendencies. Victor S. D'Souza, an eminent Indian sociologist, utilizing the Indian census data of 1961, 1971, and 1981, examines the problem of structural inequality with particular reference to the Indian Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes - the two most underprivileged sections of the present Indian society which, according to the census of 1981, comprised 15.75 percent and 7.76 percent of India's population respectively. Theoretically, he takes the concept of development in a broad sense as related to the self-fulfIlment of the individual. The transformation of the unjust social structure, the levelling down of glaring economic and social inequalities, and the concern for the development of the underprivileged are for the author the basic elements of a planned development. This is the theoretical perspective of the first chapter, "Development Planning and Social Transformation".

Drawing the Technologies of Improving the Methods of Crisis Management Based on a Complex Approach

2019 ◽  
pp. 222-240
Author(s):  
Nelu Mocanu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Organizational Analysis ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Politics ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
The Stability

The purpose of any modern economic politics is to ensure the stability and economic growth. In order to achieve this goal, each economic agent models (builds) an individual economic strategy. The building of the actual economic model is influenced by many factors – political, geographical, national, and cultural. Today, by the notion of crisis, we understand an aggravation of the discrepancies of the social-economic system that threaten its stability. Specialist that deal with problems of crisis management claim that measures must be taken when the financial results of the enterprise become unsatisfactory, when symptoms of an unfavorable situation of the activity of enterprise appear. This chapter presents the economic-organizational analysis of the strategies applied in the anti-crisis management.

Budgeting Administration and Economic Growth Dynamics in Conditions of National Markets' Integration

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Krongthong Khairiree ◽  
Denis Ushakov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
External Trade ◽  
Compensation Policy ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
Growth Stability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Definition Of

In this chapter we analyze the macroeconomic indicators of the contemporary economies so that to determine the level of impact from their involvement in the world trade on the stability of their economic development. A new, author's method is offered here to determine the index of economic growth stability for the economies of the 21st century. A correlation is revealed being between economic growth stability and external trade activeness of the today's economies. In the chapter based on the authors' approach to the definition of strategies for fair and effective social compensation, as well as a proposed methodology for calculating the indicators of social compensation strategies feasibility, the conclusions regarding macroeconomic conditions of selecting a state participation program in the process of economic achievements converting into social conditions were done, recommendations on modernization the social compensation policy in the dynamics of integrating markets were also offered.

Economic Efficiency versus Social Equality? The U.S. Liberal Model versus the European Social Model

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Navarro ◽  
John Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
European Union ◽  
Social Model ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Social Model ◽  
Stability Pact ◽  
The Social ◽  
Model Versus ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Social Expenditures

This article begins by challenging the widely held view in neoliberal discourse that there is a necessary trade-off between higher efficiency and lower reduction of inequalities: the article empirically shows that the liberal, U.S. model has been less efficient economically (slower economic growth, higher unemployment) than the social model in existence in the European Union and in the majority of its member states. Based on the data presented, the authors criticize the adoption of features of the liberal model (such as deregulation of their labor markets, reduction of public social expenditures) by some European governments. The second section analyzes the causes for the slowdown of economic growth and the increase of unemployment in the European Union—that is, the application of monetarist and neoliberal policies in the institutional frame of the European Union, including the Stability Pact, the objectives and modus operandi of the European Central Bank, and the very limited resources available to the European Commission for stimulating and distributive functions. The third section details the reasons for these developments, including (besides historical considerations) the enormous influence of financial capital in the E.U. institutions and the very limited democracy. Proposals for change are included.

scholarly journals Orders of European Middle Ages: The Mechanisms of Stability Reproduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-270
Author(s):  
Nikolai S. Rozov
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Relative Stability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Military Force ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Supporting Structures ◽  
Established Order

The model of the coevolution of the social, mental and functional orders is used for a sketchy explanation of the relative stability of the Western European Middle Ages (until the beginning of the 16th century). It is shown that the stability of the medieval order is based on finding the relevant supporting structures for the main objects of concern for rulers and elites: mobilizing military force, maintaining a decent level of their well-being and subordination of the lower exploited strata. Multiple conflicts between the emperor, kings, princes, knights, townspeople (bourgeois) and the peasantry did not undermine, but strengthened the established order, as far as rivals tried to occupy the best places in the same social structure.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Dimensions

The introduction of this volume argues that while the social science scholarship on inequality in India has mostly focused on the lower-end of power, processes of privilege consolidation have been relatively less studied. Such an exclusive preoccupation with the dynamics of deprivation can sometimes lead us to ignore the relational dimensions of inequality and the role played by the upper-end of power in these dynamics. As the Indian social structure expands with economic growth, some of the middle-class spaces have begun to increasingly intersect and overlap with politics and business, contributing to a renewal of the elite demographics. The authors argue it is important to extend our understanding of these complex processes and to discuss the sociological dimensions of elite lives in the post-1990s India, their different dimensions, diversities, and directions.

scholarly journals Agriculture and the changes of the social structure: the case of Serbia

Sociologija ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-148
Author(s):  
Srdjan Sljukic
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Vertical Dimension ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Way ◽  
Agriculture Support

In this paper the author stresses the importance of the changes in the vertical dimension of social structure in CEE societies, focusing on the recent (from 1989) changes of the social structure in agriculture in Serbia. After a short historical review, the causes, the way and the results of these changes are analyzed. Furthermore, the situation in Serbia is compared with situations in some other CEE societies, with an attempt to explain the differences and find similarities. The changes of the social structure in agriculture in Serbia are discussed from the point of the stability of society and from the point of evolutionary capacity. The author concludes that the presented and discussed changes of the social structure in agriculture support the claim that, when speaking about structural changes in CEE societies in the last sixteen years, the notion of "transformation" is more useful in explanation than the notion of "transition".

Determining the Size of the Middle Class in Russia Based on a Set of Criteria "Level of Education – Professional Status»

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
O. Guzakova ◽  
T. Tulina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Total Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Professional Status ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Education Professional ◽  
The Social

The Middle class of society performs many useful and significant functions in the development of any state. To conduct a balanced socio-economic policy, the state needs to know the social structure of society, including the share of the middle class in the total population, as well as the dynamics of its development. To this end, the paper substantiates the author's criteria for distinguishing the middle class among employees by level of education and professional status. The size of the middle class in Russia is determined for each of the above criteria separately and in their entirety. A comparative analysis of the results obtained is presented, based on which, at the end of the work, directions for increasing the middle class in the country are proposed.

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