Characterization of Electric Match Initiators by Output Performance.

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Agresti ◽  
Gary Chen ◽  
Terrance Rivinius
Keyword(s):  
Output Performance

A Linear Matrix Inequality Solution to the Input Covariance Constraint Control Problem

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew White ◽  
Guoming Zhu ◽  
Jongeun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Linear Matrix Inequality ◽  
Control Problem ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Covariance Matrices ◽  
Control Synthesis ◽  
Linear Matrix ◽  
Multiple Constraints ◽  
Matrix Inequality ◽  
Output Performance

In this paper, the input covariance constraint (ICC) control problem is solved by a convex optimization with linear matrix inequality (LMI) constraints. The ICC control problem is an optimal control problem that is concerned with finding the best output performance possible subject to multiple constraints on the input covariance matrices. The contribution of this paper is the characterization of the control synthesis LMIs used to solve the ICC control problem. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach a numerical example is solved with the control synthesis LMIs. Both discrete and continuous-time problems are considered.

scholarly journals Electrical and Capacitance Diagnostic Techniques as a Support for the Development of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Mikolášek ◽  
Michal Nemec ◽  
Jaroslav Kováč ◽  
Ladislav Harmatha ◽  
Lukáš Minařík
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Heterojunction Solar Cells ◽  
Output Performance ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Light Management

Abstract In this paper we present the utilization of capacitance and current-voltage diagnostic techniques to analyse silicon heterojunction solar cell structures properties, particularly focused on the inspection of the amorphous emitter and amorphous silicon/crystalline silicon hetero-interface. The capacitance characterization of investigated samples have revealed the need for improvement of the a-Si:H/c-Si heterointerface quality as a main direction to obtain superior output performance of heterojunction cells. In addition, current-voltage characterization emphasized importance for enhancement of the light management in the structure. The obtained results demonstrate that electrical and capacitance diagnostic techniques can represents important diagnostic tools in the process of optimization of solar cells.

scholarly journals DEEP-UV BASED ACOUSTO-OPTIC TUNABLE FILTER FOR SPECTRAL SENSING APPLICATIONS

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 857-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
NARASIMHA S. PRASAD
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Tunable Filter ◽  
Performance Measurements ◽  
Hermetic Packaging ◽  
Output Performance ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Deep Uv ◽  
193 Nm ◽  
Spectral Sensing

In this paper, recent progress made in the development of quartz and KDP crystal based acousto-optic tunable filters (AOTF) are presented. These AOTFs are developed for operation over deep-UV to near-UV wavelengths of 190 nm to 400 nm. Preliminary output performance measurements of quartz AOTF and design specifications of KDP AOTF are presented. At 355 nm, the quartz AOTF device offered ∼15% diffraction efficiency with a passband full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) of less than 0.0625 nm. Further characterization of quartz AOTF devices at deep-UV wavelengths is progressing. The hermetic packaging of KDP AOTF is nearing completion. The solid-state optical sources being used for excitation include nonlinear optics based high-energy tunable UV transmitters that operate around 320 nm and 308 nm wavelengths, and a tunable deep-UV laser operating over 193 nm to 210 nm. These AOTF devices have been developed as turn-key devices for primarily for space-based chemical and biological sensing applications using laser induced Fluorescence and resonance Raman techniques.

Rapid Prototyping and Characterization of Circular Dielectric Electro-Active Polymers (DEAP) With Different Geometries

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Hau ◽  
Alexander York ◽  
Stefan Seelecke
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Output Performance ◽  
Mechanical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Rigid Frame ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Aided Design

Dielectric electro-active polymer (DEAP) technology holds promise enabling lightweight, energy efficient and scalable sensors and actuators [1]. The circular DEAP configuration (also known as cone or diaphragm actuator) in particular shows potential in applications such as pressure or weight sensors [2, 3], pumps [4, 5], valves, micro-positioners and loudspeakers [6]. The geometric parameters of the circular DEAP dictate the stroke and work output performance of actuators and the sensitivity as well as the resolution of sensors. The scalable geometric design allows DEAP actuators and sensors to be adapted to a variety of different applications. This paper presents a rapid prototyping technique and experimental characterization of DEAP actuators with various geometries. The DEAP’s consist of a silicone based elastomer and a carbon ink based electrode held together with a rigid frame. The rapid prototyping utilizes high resolution 3D printing technology to manufacture various shaped framing structures designed with computer aided design (CAD) software. The framing structure defines the DEAP geometry resulting in quick prototyping of various DEAP shapes and sizes. After prototyping, these DEAP’s are tested for mechanical and electrical properties while loaded mechanically and electrically (constant voltage and constant force test). The measurement results for the different size actuators are then documented and compared. The measurements reveal that for increased size of the manufactured actuators, there is a linear increase in force and stroke output. This information allows us to predict the actuation performance and will be used for future modeling efforts.

Dynamic Modeling and Electrical Characterization of a Heaving Hybrid Triboelectric-Electromagnetic Energy Harvester

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zia Saadatnia ◽  
Ebrahim Esmailzadeh ◽  
Hani E. Naguib
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
System Response ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Output Performance ◽  
Output Characteristics

In this study the dynamic and electrical performance of a novel hybrid Electromagnetic-Triboelectric energy harvester is studied. The mechanism incorporates a linear tubular electromagnetic (EMG) transducer as well as a free-standing grating triboelectric (TENG) transducer. The heaving of the slider inside the stator triggers both EMG and TENG which results in electricity generation. The dynamic model of the system is firstly developed and the system response under external excitation is carried out. Then, the electrical output characteristics of each harvesting unit are developed based on the dynamic response. Then, the effects of various parameters such as frequency of excitation and external electrical load on the output performance of the harvester including voltage, current, and power density of the EMG and TENG units are investigated. This study provides a guideline toward the design and analysis of novel mechanical energy harvesters.

Morphological Characterization of Mycobacteriophage R1

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 254-255
Author(s):  
B. L. Soloff ◽  
T. A. Rado
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
Complete Lysis ◽  
Lysogenic Culture ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

Mycobacteriophage R1 was originally isolated from a lysogenic culture of M. butyricum. The virus was propagated on a leucine-requiring derivative of M. smegmatis, 607 leu−, isolated by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of typestrain ATCC 607. Growth was accomplished in a minimal medium containing glycerol and glucose as carbon source and enriched by the addition of 80 μg/ ml L-leucine. Bacteria in early logarithmic growth phase were infected with virus at a multiplicity of 5, and incubated with aeration for 8 hours. The partially lysed suspension was diluted 1:10 in growth medium and incubated for a further 8 hours. This permitted stationary phase cells to re-enter logarithmic growth and resulted in complete lysis of the culture.

AEM analysis of crystallization in Ti-based amorphous alloys

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 270-271
Author(s):  
A.R. Pelton ◽  
A.F. Marshall ◽  
Y.S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Amorphous Alloys ◽  
Amorphous Materials ◽  
Isothermal Annealing ◽  
Amorphous Matrix ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
Amorphous Films ◽  
Electrical And Magnetic Properties

Amorphous materials are of current interest due to their desirable mechanical, electrical and magnetic properties. Furthermore, crystallizing amorphous alloys provides an avenue for discerning sequential and competitive phases thus allowing access to otherwise inaccessible crystalline structures. Previous studies have shown the benefits of using AEM to determine crystal structures and compositions of partially crystallized alloys. The present paper will discuss the AEM characterization of crystallized Cu-Ti and Ni-Ti amorphous films.Cu60Ti40: The amorphous alloy Cu60Ti40, when continuously heated, forms a simple intermediate, macrocrystalline phase which then transforms to the ordered, equilibrium Cu3Ti2 phase. However, contrary to what one would expect from kinetic considerations, isothermal annealing below the isochronal crystallization temperature results in direct nucleation and growth of Cu3Ti2 from the amorphous matrix.

Characterization of Coherent, Ordered Precipitates in Nickel-Base Alloys

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 144-145
Author(s):  
B. H. Kear ◽  
J. M. Oblak
Keyword(s):  
Stable Phase ◽  
Nickel Base Superalloy ◽  
Alloy 718 ◽  
Commercial Alloy ◽  
Precipitate Morphology ◽  
Continuous Precipitation ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Base Superalloy ◽  
Strengthening Precipitate

A nickel-base superalloy is essentially a Ni/Cr solid solution hardened by additions of Al (Ti, Nb, etc.) to precipitate a coherent, ordered phase. In most commercial alloy systems, e.g. B-1900, IN-100 and Mar-M200, the stable precipitate is Ni3 (Al,Ti) γ′, with an LI2structure. In A lloy 901 the normal precipitate is metastable Nis Ti3 γ′ ; the stable phase is a hexagonal Do2 4 structure. In Alloy 718 the strengthening precipitate is metastable γ″, which has a body-centered tetragonal D022 structure.Precipitate MorphologyIn most systems the ordered γ′ phase forms by a continuous precipitation re-action, which gives rise to a uniform intragranular dispersion of precipitate particles. For zero γ/γ′ misfit, the γ′ precipitates assume a spheroidal.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

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