Iconography as a Trigger? On Barbarious Imitations of Seleukids Coins

2021 ◽  
pp. 219-233
Author(s):  
С.В. СМИРНОВ
Keyword(s):  
Individual Features ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Source Of Information

В работе рассматриваются ключевые проблемы иконографии варварских подражаний монетам Селевкидов на примере двух монетных серий — согдийских подражаний монетам Антиоха Iи коммагенских подражаний монетам Деметрия I. Обе монетные серии демонстрируют как общие тенденции семиотической трансформации нарратива монеты, происходящей при преобразовании оригинального монетного изображения в подражание, так и индивидуальные особенности этого процесса. Так, основным признаком трансформации нарратива монеты является изменения легенды. В случае с согдийскими подражаниями текст легенды, не воспринимавшейся аудиторий подражания как источник информации и коммуникации, преобразуется в орнамент и формирует часть изображения, а в случае с коммагенскими подражаниями, где текст легенды, очевидно, имел важную смысловую нагрузку, дополняется новыми, не характерными для оригинала эпитетами. Важным аспектом проблемы варварских подражаний является выбор иконографического сюжета. Этот выбор не был случаен и определялся культурной близостью сюжета, представленного на монете-прототипе. Таким образом, процесс создания подражания не сводился только к механическому копированию изображения, но представлял собой более содержательный процесс переосмысления текста изображения и перевод его на язык иной знаково-иконической системы посредствам особых художественных приемов. The paper surveys the key problems of iconography of barbarous imitations of Seleukid coins on the example of two-coin series — Sogdian imitations of coins of Antiochus I and Commagene imitations of Demetrius I. These coin series demonstrate both the general trends of the semiotic transformation of the narrative of the coin, which occurs in in the process of the transformation of original coin image into an imitation, and the individual features of this process. Thus, the main feature of the transformation of the coin narrative is the deviation of the legend. In the case of Sogdian imitations, the text of the legend, which was not considered by the audience of imitation as a source of information, is transformed into an ornament and constructs a part of the image, while in the case of Commagene imitations, where the text obviously was semantically determined, it is supplemented with new epithets that are not typical for the original. An important aspect of the problem of barbarous imitations is the choice of an iconographic motif. This choice was not accidental and was influenced by the cultural familiarity with the object depicted on the prototype coin. Thus, the process of creating an imitation was not only mechanical copying of the image, but represented a more meaningful process of rethinking the image text and translating it into the language of another iconic system through special artistic techniques.

The Role of Normative Information in Judgments of Others

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine H. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Interpersonal Perception ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Average Person ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Source Of Information

When forming impressions of an other’s personality, people often rely on information not directly related to the individual at hand. One source of information that can influence people’s impressions of others is the personality of the average person (i.e., normative profile). This relationship between the normative profile and an impression is called normative accuracy or normativity. In this chapter, you will learn about the average personality, why it is important, the relationship to social desirability and what it means to have a normative impression, as well as correlates and moderators of normativity. More broadly, you will learn about current research and views regarding the normative profile and normative impressions as well as concrete steps for incorporating this approach into your future research on interpersonal perception.

Youtube as a source of information on "Manual Blood Pressure Measurement"

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Fatih Yılmaz ◽  
Sedat Kalkan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Educational Value ◽  
Manual Blood Pressure ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Source Of Information

Objectives: The aim of the study is to evaluate the quality and reliability of videos on manual blood pressure measurement on Youtube. Patients and Methods: In January 2021, the first 100 videos found as a result of a search with the keywords 'manual blood pressure measurement' on Youtube were watched and evaluated. According to exclusion criteria, 75 videos were included in the study. Duplicate videos, irrelevant videos, and videos in languages other than English were excluded from the study. Each video was scored according to the questions prepared based on the guidelines. The GQS score and the 'Reliability' score were used to assess the quality of the videos. Results: According to the checklist prepared according to the hypertension consensus report, the mean score of the videos was 8.33 ± 2.1. When the videos were evaluated according to their sources, the average score of the videos of the health sites was 9±2.5, the average score of the videos of the individual health workers was 8.66±1.8, the average score of the videos of the unidentified people was 7.54±2.1. Conclusion: Manual blood pressure measurement videos on Youtube have little educational value. Videos of health websites should be preferred for education.

scholarly journals Biomechanics and the wheelchair

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. McLaurin ◽  
C. E. Brubaker
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Power Input ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
User Characteristics ◽  
Wheelchair User ◽  
Wind Resistance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Source Of Information

Wheelchair biomechanics involves the study of how a wheelchair user imparts power to the wheels to achieve mobility. Because a wheelchair can coast, power input need not be continuous, but each power strike can be followed by a period of recovery, with the stroking frequency depending on user preferences and the coasting characteristics of the wheelchair. The latter is described in terms of rolling resistance, wind resistance and the slope of the surface. From these three factors the power required to propel the wheelchair is determined, and must be matched by the power output of the user. The efficiency of propulsion is the ratio of this power output to the metabolic cost and is typically in the order of 5% in normal use. The features required in a wheelchair depend upon user characteristics and intended activities. The ideal wheelchair for an individual will have the features that closely match these characteristics and activities. Thus prescription is not just choosing a wheelchair, but choosing the components of the wheelchair that best serve the intended purpose. In this paper, each component is examined for available options and how these options effect the performance of the wheelchair for the individual. The components include wheels, tyres, castors, frames, bearings, materials, construction details, seats, backrests, armrests, foot and legrests, headrests, wheel locks, running brakes, handrims, levers, accessories, adjustments and detachable parts. Each component is considered in relation to performance characteristics including rolling resistance, versatility, weight, comfort, stability, maneouvrability, transfer, stowage, durability and maintenance. Where they exist, wheelchair standards are referred to as a source of information regarding these characteristics.

Photos, Videos, and Other Technology

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Astor ◽  
Rami Benbenishty
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
School Safety ◽  
The Public ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Speak Up ◽  
Source Of Information

On their own, photos and videos are not a reliable source of information about what is taking place in a school. It’s easy to react emotionally or with outrage to a video of a fight, a child being picked on, or some other display of abuse or wrongdoing. But everyone knows from highly publicized incidents posted on YouTube, Twitter, or other social media sites that photos and videos can be taken out of context. They tell a story, but they don’t tell the whole story. Even so, they can be used by administrators to discern whether the action shown in the photo or video is an isolated incident or could be a symptom of a larger problem. If an alarming photo or video taken at a school is receiving attention from the media, it’s better to talk about it with the school community as soon as possible than to pretend it didn’t happen. Situations like these create an opportunity to examine and share other sources of data about school safety, violence, and victimization. Too often, one incident can cause the public to draw conclusions about a school that are not accurate. That’s why a monitoring system is necessary— to put such an incident in context. Administrators who can refer to other sources of data regarding violence, drug use, or weapons can respond with more confidence when faced with criticism over one incident. As part of a monitoring system, photos, videos and other technology can be used for positive purposes. They allow students who might skip questions on a survey or don’t want to speak up during a focus group to express themselves in a different way. There are many examples of projects in which students are given cameras and microphones and encouraged to express themselves and present their experiences in school through this media. In addition to the individual students benefitting from such experiences, school leaders, staff members, and parents get the opportunity to see the school from the students’ perspectives.

Kriterien der ethnischen Identität

1983 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-42
Author(s):  
Harald Haarmann
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Problem Area ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
Individual Features ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

SUMMARY Criteria for Ethnic Identity Despite numerous publications on theoretical and methodological issues regarding ethnic identity (ethnicity), many methodological problems relative to this topic remain insufficiently clarified. This article deals particularly with the problems involved in establishing and evaluating criteria of ethnic identity. The author assigns the complex of problems regarding ethnic identity significant status within a theory of the ecology of language. Specific points covered in methodological issues involving the formation of concepts and application of terminology involve: 1. problems of the weighting of distinctive features; 2. problems in the mutual boundary-marking between ethnic groups (i.e., problems of ethnic borders); 3. problems in the changeability of ethnic identity; 4. problems in the correlation of language and ethnicity; 5. problems of the polarity of subjective and objective features of ethnicity; 6. problems of multiple identities and the role of ethnic identity; 7. problems in the historical dimension of ethnic identity; 8. problems in the linking of groups within language communities of the same national identity. In international sociological and sociolinguistic research, unanimity of opinion exists only on the fact that ethnic identity cannot be characterized by a single feature but rather by a series of individual features (the accumulation of features). The priorities to be attached to the individual features are in large measure disputed. The author proceeds from the assumption that ethnic identities in real life are formed through a stronger or weaker dominance of individual features; they should be characterized accordingly. An unacceptable a priori evaluation or weighting of features is thus avoided. In the specific context of a long-term research program on the smaller language communities and ethnic languages of Europe, the author particularly examines the role of language in ethnicity. Contrary to most previous contributions to discussions of this problem area, the author distinguishes between the general linguistic affiliation as a characteristic of ethnic identity on the one hand (cf. the relationship in point 4) and the criterion of language-oriented group formations (cf. relationship in point 8). The problem area of the principle of language community is illustrated using the example of the Transcarpathian Gypsies in the Ukraine. RESUMO Kriterioj de la etna idento Malgraŭ multaj ĝisnunaj eldonajoj pri la etna idento (etneco), multaj metodaj pro-blemoj rilataj al tiu temaro restas nesufice klarigitaj. La jena artikolo aparte traktas la problemaron de la starigo kaj elvalorigo de kriterioj de la etna idento. La autoro al-jugas al la problemaro pri la etna idento gravan rangon interne de teorio pri la lingva ekologio. Apartaj punktoj, traktitaj en metodaraj demandoj, rilataj al la formado de konceptoj kaj la apliko de terminaro, estas: 1. problemaro pri la elvalorigo de karakteraj trajtoj; 2. problemaro de la reciproka limigo inter etnaj grupoj (t.e. problemoj pri etnaj limoj); 3. problemaro pri la šanĝebleco de la etna idento; 4. problemaro pri la rilato inter lingvo kaj etneco; 5. problemaro pri la polusigo de subjektivaj kaj objektivaj trajtoj de etneco; 6. problemaro de pluroblaj identoj kaj la rolo de etna idento; 7. problemaro ce la historia dimensio de la etna idento; 8. problemaro de la formiĝo de grupoj interne de lingvaj komunumoj de la sama nacia idento. En la internacia sociologia kaj socilingvistika esplorado, unuanimeco de opinio ekzistas nur pri la fakto, ke ne eblas karakterizi la etnan identon nur per unusola trajto, sed, male, per aro da opaj trajtoj (la kuniĝo de trajtoj). Oni grandparte disputas pri la prioritato, kiun oni aljuĝu al la opaj trajtoj. La autoro progresas ek de la asumo, ke la etnaj identoj en la vera vivo estas formitaj per, jen pli forta, jen pli malforta, rego de opaj trajtoj; oni karakterizu ilin lau tio. Tiel, oni evitas neakceptindan aprioran elvalorigon au elpezigon de trajtoj. En la aparta kunteksto de longdaura esplorprogramo pri la pli malgrandaj lingvaj komunumoj kaj etnaj lingvoj de Europo, la autoro aparte pristudas la rolon de la lingvo ce la etneco. Kontraue al la plejmultaj ĝisnunaj kontribuoj al diskutoj pri tiu problemaro, la autoro distingas inter la ĝenerala lingva aparteno kiel trajto de la etna idento unuflanke (komparu la rilton ce punkto 4) kaj la kriterion de la formigo de grupoj surbaze de lingvo (komparu la rilaton ce punkto 8). La problemaro de la prin-cipo de la lingva komunumo estas ilustrita per la ekzemplo de la transkarpataj ciganoj en Ukrajnio.

P.8.a.029 The influence of the individual features of the patients on the efficacy of some nootropic agents in chronic alcoholism therapy

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. S583-S584
Author(s):  
M.L. Lovat ◽  
M.A. Vinnikova ◽  
A.V. Kozyreva ◽  
E.A. Kushnir ◽  
E.V. Efimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Alcoholism ◽  
Nootropic Agents ◽  
Individual Features ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Alcoholism Therapy

The role of individual-social-technology fit in online social network value development: an empirical study

Info ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 66-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
ChienHsing Wu ◽  
Shu-Chen Kao ◽  
Hsin-Yi Liao
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Online Social Network ◽  
Social Software ◽  
Social Technology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Features ◽  
Individual Features ◽  
The Individual

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to reveal the role of individual–social–technology fit in online social network (OSN) value development. The social software features (e.g. communication and interaction), social features (e.g. privacy and trust) and individual features (e.g. sense of belonging and self-disclosure) are considered fitting forms to describe the OSN value. Implications and suggestions are addressed. Design/methodology/approach – The literature review on social software, the social and individual characteristics and the research gap with respect to OSN value is presented. The research arguments are then hypothesized, and research model used to describe the proposed role is examined empirically. The research targeted mobile phone users as the subjects, and the extent of the activities of these users on OSN for both work and studies. A salient investigation explores the moderation effect of gender. The research results are obtained, and the findings are revealed on the basis of 468 social software users. Findings – The significant effect of individual–social–technology fit on OSN value development is presented through the satisfaction of both participation and sharing information, and knowledge about this fit is verified. The interplay of social software, social and individual features contributes significantly to individual–social–technology fit development, implying that OSN value development is not a single issue. OSN value development should be considered concurrently with technological, personal and social issues. Research limitations/implications – The empirical study confirms that fitness analysis produces a systematic outcome, in which all elements (e.g. social, technology and individual) are required to cooperate with one another to maximize the OSN value. An individual adopts online channels to communicate with others; thus, the benefits may be a multidimensional issue instead of only a single information service issue. They also consider building an equal social relationship to be important, as it enables diverse propositions, maintains acceptable privacy and behaves on faith to enhance the fit of technology features and individual features to value development. The subjects also likely accepted the fact that emotion generation is important for the advantage of fit of technology features and social features, thereby likely benefitting OSN value development. Originality/value – The OSN does not only add new values to the society but also brings new effects on social development, especially in terms of social cognition from virtual community formation, development and creation. Although existing studies in the literature present the important aspects and antecedents linked significantly to OSN value development, these studies also insufficiently discuss the effect of fit of these facets on OSN value development. This exploratory study mainly aims to propose and examine the individual–social–technology fit model through an empirical investigation. The main argument of the study is that when a positive and healthy virtual society is developed through social software, the individual and social characteristics, as well as the social software features, should be defined with a suitable fit to promote the social networking value.

The Metabolic SYNDROME and the RISK of Venous Thrombosis: RESULTS of AN Individual LEVEL Patient Meta-ANALYSIS

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 3177-3177
Author(s):  
Francesco Dentali ◽  
Cihan Ay ◽  
Moon Jang ◽  
Matteo di Minno ◽  
Ingrid Pabinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Individual Features ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Abstract 3177 Background: The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of interrelated risk factors that identify patients at increased risk of cardiovascular events. Recent studies also suggested an association between MS and venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, the role of the individual features of MS and whether MS and its features are more important than obesity alone to predict VTE remain to be established. Methods: We performed an individual patient level meta-analysis of case-control studies comparing the prevalence of MS in patients with unprovoked VTE and in controls. MEDLINE, EMBASE databases, and abstract books were searched up to January 2010. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals of pooled results were calculated. The influence of individual variables (age, sex, BMI and MS) on the likelihood of VTE was compared using logistic regression analysis. Multivariate analysis was subsequently performed including the individual components of MS in the place of MS. The impact of increasing number of individual components of MS on the risk of VTE was investigated. Results: Four studies were identified and analyzed, for a total of 1332 patients (479 cases and 833 controls). Mean age was 53.3 and 52.7, respectively (p=n.s.), 49.5% cases and 42.4% controls were males (p=0.0003), 38.8% and 30.0% were obese (p=0.0001). MS was significantly associated with VTE (OR 1.97, 1.57–2.47), and the association linearly increased with the number of MS features (p for trend <0.001). At multivariate analysis, MS but not obesity remained associated with VTE (OR 1.92, 1.50–2.46 and 1.14, 0.88–1.47, respectively). All individual features of MS, but HDL cholesterol, were independently associated with VTE. Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis confirm the association between MS and VTE and suggest that MS (and visceral obesity defined by increased waist circumference) could be a more important predictor of VTE than obesity defined by BMI. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

The influence of “Facebook friends” on the intention to join brand pages

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 580-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariola Palazon ◽  
María Sicilia ◽  
Manuela Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Tie Strength ◽  
Weak Ties ◽  
Strong Ties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Past Behavior ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Of Experience ◽  
Source Of Information

Purpose – This paper aims to examine the role of Facebook friends on the intention to join brand pages in this social network site (SNS). SNSs have grown in both popularity and use. They allow individuals to articulate their social networks by developing a list of other members on the site with whom they share a connection. These platforms also allow companies to create profiles to promote their brands. However, many firms have jumped into SNSs by creating a “brand page” without fully understanding how to spread it successfully. Design/methodology/approach – Two experiments were developed. In the first one, the authors manipulated how the individual comes to know about brand pages. Participants discovered a brand page through a friend with whom they have either a strong tie or a weak tie. In the second experiment (2 × 2), the authors manipulated tie strength (strong vs weak) and the type of recommendation (active vs passive). Findings – Results of the first study show that as the individual has more experience in Facebook (measured in this paper through satisfaction, past behavior of following brands and Facebook intensity), the effect of tie strength on the intention to join a brand page dilutes. The second study confirms Study 1 and shows that strong ties exert more influence than weak ties when the brand page is actively recommended by Facebook friends. Practical implications – This paper shows that the influence of strong ties is particularly important for individuals with low levels of experience in Facebook. As experience in SNSs is expected to continue growing, managers should not forget the role of weak ties as a source of information for their networked friends. Strong ties only remain more influential than weak ties when the information about the brand page is received through an invitation. Originality/value – This paper explores the interpersonal influences in Facebook, asserting that the influence of tie strength depends on the level of experience in the SNS, and on the way, information about the brand page is received.

scholarly journals ІНФОРМАЦІЙНІ РИЗИКИ БЕЗПЕКИ ДИТИНИ У ТУРБУЛЕНТНОМУ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОМУ СЕРЕДОВИЩІ З ПОЗИЦІЇ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Panchenko
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
International Law ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Information Environment ◽  
Social Connections ◽  
Processing Information ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Health And Well Being

The transition to an informational lifestyle significantly increases the creative potential of society as a whole, and the individual in particular. Along with this, there is a significant increase of the load on the human’s mind under conditions of increasing flows of information and its turbulence. The information environment essentially becomes the main source of information for a person, has a direct impact on his mental activity, on the formation of his social behavior. A person is forced to live in this environment, to perceive its realities adequately, to adapt to information threats from this environment. The awareness of these threats has led to careful attention to information security. A child, being a specific member of a society, nevertheless acts as a full-fledged participant in information relations, and must be in such a state of protection, in which there is no risk associated with information causing harm to his health, physical, mental, spiritual and moral development.A child in his development, processing information, actively assimilates social experience, as well as a system of social connections and relationships, and subsequently reproduces all this in his life. In the course of this process, he acquires the qualities, values, beliefs and forms of behavior that he needs for normal life.Ensuring the information security of a child implies protection because of the destabilizing effect of information on health and mental, spiritual and moral development; creation of conditions for the information environment for positive socialization and individualization of the personality, optimal social, personal, cognitive and physical development, preservation of somatic, mental and psychological health and well-being, the formation of a positive worldview. The latter is possible when determining the main directions of state policy in the interests of children and the key mechanisms for its implementation, based on the generally recognized principles and norms of the international law.

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