scholarly journals Timing and Severity of Pruning Effects on Cranberry Yield Components and Fruit Anthocyanin

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1462-1464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadine C. Strik ◽  
Arthur Poole
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Vaccinium Macrocarpon ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Conventional Systems

Timing and severity of pruning in a 30-year-old commercial `McFarlin' cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) bed were studied. Treatments in 1989 and 1990 consisted of early or late pruning and heavy, moderate, light, or no pruning. Yield component data were collected in Fall 1989 and 1990, just before harvest. Time of pruning did not affect yield components. In 1989, the unpruned and lightly pruned vines had a higher total plant fresh weight, fewer berries, higher berry yield, longer and more fruiting uprights, and fewer nonfruiting uprights (U,) compared with moderately or heavily pruned vines. Average length of UN and anthocyanin content of berries in 1989 were not influenced by pruning. In 1990, the effects of pruning severity were similar to 1989. In 1990, unpruned vines had a lower percent fruit set and berries contained less anthocyanin than pruned vines. Annual pruning with conventional systems in use decreases yield.

scholarly journals N RATE AND TIMING AFFECT ON CRANBERRY YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1148b-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Hart ◽  
Arthur Poole ◽  
Kris L. Wilder ◽  
B. C. Strik
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Vaccinium Macrocarpon ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Agronomic Crops ◽  
Vine Growth ◽  
Berry Size ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

Cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) require low rates of N fertilizer compared to many horticultural and agronomic crops. Excess N promotes vegetative growth at the expense of yield. Growers desire information about N fertilization to achieve optimum yields without overgrowth, Little information has been published about N rate and timing influence on cranberries in south coastal Oregon. An N rate and timing field experiment with Crowley and Stevens cultivars was established to answer grower questions. N was applied at 0, 18, 36 and 54 kg/ha in various combinations at popcorn (white bud), hook, fruitset, early bud, and late bud. Yield, yield components, (fruit set, number of flowering and total uprights, berry size, flowers per upright and the proportion of uprights that flower), vegetative growth and anthocyanin content were measured. After 2 years of treatments, N rate or timing had little influence on yield or yield components in the previously heavily fertilized Crowley bed. In the previously lightly fertilized Stevens bed, N rate increased yield, vine growth, and the number of flowering uprights, N timing also influenced the number of flowering uprights. The total number of uprights was influenced by the interaction of N rate and timing.

scholarly journals Effects of Stem Cutting Time and Height on Yield Components and Yield of Rice Ratun System (Oryza sativa L.)

Vegetalika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicky Silvia Nuzul
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Stem Cutting ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Optimum Cutting ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Generative Phase ◽  
Cutting Height ◽  
Plot Design

Ratun is the ability of the rice plant to regenerate new tillers after harvest, so it can be increased rice productivity. The aim of this research was to compare the yield components and yield between rice ratun with the parent rice, to analyze influence of stem cutting time and height on yield components and yield of rice ratun system and also to determine optimum cutting time and height for the yield components and yield of rice ratun. This research was heald in Pusat Inovasi Agroteknologi (PIAT) of  Gadjah Mada University, Kalitirto, Berbah, Sleman, Yogyakarta on March to June 2017.  The experiment used split-plot design with cutting time as the main plot and cutting height as sub plot with 3 blocks as replication. The cutting time consisted of 3 levels i.e. at harvest time, 7 days after harvest time, and 14 days after harvest time.  Meanwhile, cutting height consisted of 4 levels i.e. 3 cm, 13 cm, 23 cm, and 33 cm above the ground.The research showed that the yield components and yield of rice ratun lower than the parent rice. Cutting time at harvest time, 7, 14 days after harvest time with the cutting height close to the ground increase yield component and yield of rice ratun but delay the generative phase. The highest yield components and yield of rice ratun achieved at harvest time cutting time with cutting height 3 cm above the ground.

scholarly journals SEASONAL CHANGES IN NONSTRUCTURAL CARBOHYDRATES IN CRANBERRY

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1066f-1066
Author(s):  
Teryl R. Roper ◽  
Marianna Hagidimitriou
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Vaccinium Macrocarpon ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Nonstructural Carbohydrates ◽  
Carbohydrate Concentration

Carbohydrate concentration may be important for flower initiation and fruit set in cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.). Fruit set has been shown to be a major limiting factor in yield component analysis. The objective of this research was to identify carbohydrate concentrations in cranberry tissues at various stages of development under field conditions. Samples of two cranberry cultivars, `Stevens' and `Searles' were collected during the 1989 season using a 13 cm diameter probe. Samples were divided into fruit, uprights, woody stems and roots. Carbohydrates were quantified by HPLC. Nonstructural carbohydrates were primarily sucrose, glucose, fructose and starch. Soluble carbohydrate concentration was stable throughout the season in tissues analyzed, while starch content was high early in the season then decreased during blossom and fruit set. This work shows that starch reserves in leaves and stems apparently are remobilized to support fruit set in cranberry.

scholarly journals Leaf Removal and Terminal Bud Size Affect the Fruiting Habits of Cranberry

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 997-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.D. Patten ◽  
J. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Vaccinium Macrocarpon ◽  
Leaf Removal ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Bud Formation ◽  
Terminal Bud ◽  
Bud Size ◽  
Flower Bud Formation

Percentage of fruiting uprights, fruit set, number of fruit per upright, and flower bud formation of `McFarlin' and `Stevens' cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) were reduced by removal of old leaves, new leaves, or both on the upright. Results varied slightly, based on which leaves were removed, time of removal, cultivar, year, and bog site. Percentage of fruiting uprights, flowers and fruit per upright, and fruit set were higher on uprights with a terminal bud size >1 mm in diameter in September than for those <1 mm in diameter. Effects were cultivar and site dependent. Terminal bud size of `McFarlin' was negatively related to the subtending number of fruit and positively related to leaf fresh weight of the upright.

scholarly journals SPUNBONDED FABRIC COVERS ALTER EARLY SEASON GROWTH AND FRUIT SET IN CRANBERRY

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1105c-1105
Author(s):  
Elden J. Stang ◽  
John Klueh
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Vaccinium Macrocarpon ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Polypropylene Fabric ◽  
Soil Temperatures

Spunbonded polypropylene fabric covers were applied over mature `Searles' cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. in the field during dormancy in 1989. Covers were selectively removed at 3 week intervals in April, May and early June after onset of growth. Plant canopy air temperatures under fabric were 5 to 6C higher than in exposed controls. Temperature differences up to 17C were measured in early June. Soil temperatures did not differ from the control until late May. Earlier greening of leaf tissue resulted in increased photosynthetic rates earlier in the growing season under fabric covers. Subsequent shoot dry weight was increased 5%; leaf size was not affected. A trend to increased fruit set (4 to 6%) with fabric cover treatments was observed when covers were applied for 6 or 9 weeks. Total fruit yield and anthocyanin content were not appreciably influenced by fabric covers.

scholarly journals Characterization of phytochemicals and yield components in various okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 2323-2328
Author(s):  
MUHARAMA YORA ◽  
MUHAMAD SYUKUR ◽  
SOBIR SOBIR
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents

Yora M, Syukur M, Sobir. 2018. Characterization of phytochemicals and yield components in various okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) genotypes. Biodiversitas 19: 2323-2328. Okra is a group of vegetable and medicinal plants possessing various health benefits. This plant has different shapes, colors and nutritional content. In Indonesia, this plant has not been widely cultivated, because the socialization and information of okra benefits to the Indonesian people are still limited. The aims of this study were to analyze phytochemicals, anthocyanins and carotene content, and to analyze the correlation among okra genotypes based on their morphological characters. This study was conducted from September 2017 to January 2018, using Complete Randomized Group Design with three replications and 13 genotypes namely PB01Nai, PB02Zah, PB03Clem, PB04Stri, PB13-293, PB05-291, PB06-004, PB07-127, PB08P1, PB09P2, PB10-MC, PB11-069, and PB12-OR. The observation was made on the variables of phythochemical, anthocyanin, carotene, chlorophyll and yield components on okra fruit. The results showed that all okra fruits have steroid phytochemical content and some of them had phytochemical content of Saponin and Tanin. Based on the carotene and chlorophyll analysis of 13 okra fruit genotypes, it showed that PB11-069 genotype contained the highest carotene and chlorophyll contents. While okra fruit having the highest anthocyanin content was PB05-291. The results of cluster analysis showed that okra was clustered into three color groups. The anthocyanin content found in okra fruit does not correlated with the yield component variable. Chlorophyll-α, β, and total chlorophyll are positively correlated to carotene in okra fruit and variable number of fruits. The character of number and weight per plant greatly influences the determination of the selection process. Accordingly, the characters can be used as a selection character so as to produce a high yield okra containing high chlorophyll and carotene contents.

scholarly journals Pola Hubungan Nutrisi Tajuk, Morfologi Tajuk, Komponen Tandan dan Komponen Hasil Kelapa Sawit pada Lahan Gambut di Kalimantan Tengah

Agrikultura ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saiful Afif Almatholib ◽  
Cucu Suherman ◽  
Meddy Rachmadi
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Plant Samples ◽  
Relationship Model

ABSTRACTRelationship models of canopy nutrition, canopy morphology, bunch and yield components of oil palm on peat soil in Central KalimantanThe study was conducted in oil palm plantations with ten years old plant samples, located in Rungun Estate, Kotawaringin Barat, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The aim of this study was to determine several factors that affect the variables of canopy nutrition, canopy morphology, bunch and yield components in oil palm and also to determine the relationship between those variables. Observations were conducted on 40 oil palm plant samples at Histosols soil. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Smart PLS 3.0 software. The results showed that some factors of leaf Ca, rachis Ca, leaf B and leaf Cu affected canopy nutrition variable, number and length of leaflet affected the canopy morphology, while fruit set, stalk weight and stalk thickness for bunch component variable. The obtained relationship model was yield component affected by canopy nutrition through canopy morphology and bunch component.Keywords: Oil palm, Histosols soil, Relationship model, Plant componentABSTRAKPenelitian dilakukan di perkebunan kelapa sawit dengan tanaman berumur sepuluh tahun yang berlokasi di Rungun Estate, Kotawaringin Barat, Kalimantan Tengah, Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperoleh faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi variabel nutrisi tajuk, morfologi tajuk, komponen tandan, dan komponen hasil kelapa sawit serta memperoleh pola hubungan antar variabel tersebut pada tanah Histosols. Hasil penelitian ini digunakan sebagai dasar analisis faktor pembatas produksi sesuai dengan jenis tanahnya. Pengamatan dilakukan pada kelompok tanaman yang berjumlah 40 tanaman di tanah gambut (Histosols). Data dianalisis menggunakan model persamaan struktural (Structural Equation Model) dengan software Smart PLS 3.0. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruh variabel berupa Ca daun, Ca rachis, B daun, dan Cu daun (pada nutrisi tajuk), fruit set, tebal bonggol, dan lebar bonggol (komponen tandan), jumlah anak daun dan panjang anak daun (morfologi tajuk). Pola hubungan yang diperoleh adalah komponen hasil dipengaruhi nutrisi tajuk melalui morfologi tajuk dan komponen tandan.Kata Kunci: Kelapa sawit, Pola hubungan, Komponen tanaman

scholarly journals Influence of flowers per cluster, fruit-set and berry weight on cluster weight in Verdejo grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)

OENO One ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Santiago López-Miranda ◽  
Jesús Yuste
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Berry Weight ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
The Future

<p style="text-align: justify;">Estimation of yield has always been one of the greatest concerns in the wine-making industry, which is why researchers have attempted to create models and methods that make accurate predictions. However, the variability of the yield components, which depends on the environmental factors, like light and temperature, and on cultural and natural factors which affect vigor, water status, photosynthetic and hormonal activity and the accumulation of reserve substances, make the prediction of the future harvest very difficult to calculate. In certain situations, fertility expressed as the number of bunches, tends to display very stable values from one harvest to the next. The weight of the cluster is the performance factor that has the greatest variability and mostly causes the variations in production. In this report, we analyze the influence of the number of flowers per cluster, the fruit-set percentage, the number of berries per cluster and the berry weight in the variability of the cluster weight of the Verdejo variety (<em>Vitis vinifera</em> L.). The cluster weight and its components have been determined along canes of 6 and 10 buds, in the harvests of 1999, 2000 and 2001. The yield component upon which cluster weight variation fundamentally depends has been the number of berries it contains, whereas the berry weight has had much less of an effect. The number of berries per cluster is mainly determined by the number of flowers per inflorescence, a yield component which has gone so far as to explain, by itself, an average of 75%of the variability in the number of berries per cluster and 70 % of the variability of the cluster weight. Despite the possible influence that the fruit-set percentage may have on the variability in the number of berries per cluster, measuring the number of flowers per inflorescence would make it possible to know, to a reasonable level of accuracy, the future number of berries per cluster long before the harvest date. At the same time, if a yield estimate is not needed far in advance, prediction of the future cluster weight can be determined by measuring the number of berries per cluster 15 or 20 days after fruit-set time, when the falling of small fruits is right minimal. In any case, whether by using the number of flowers per inflorescence or the number of berries per cluster, the berry weight on the harvest date would be the only yield component that would require estimation, which is usually much easier to achieve due to the lesser variability seen in this parameter.</p>

scholarly journals Endogenous Free Polyamines of Mangos in Relation to Development and Ripening

2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aman Ullah Malik ◽  
Zora Singh
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Free Polyamines

Changes in endogenous free polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, spermine) were monitored from fruit set (fruit diameter 4.6 ± 0.5 mm, wt 0.09 ± 0.05 g) until 1 week before the expected harvest time in `Kensington Pride' and `Glen' to examine their role during mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit development. Polyamines (PAs) in the pericarp tissues (exocarp and mesocarp) were estimated throughout the fruit development period, while estimations from growing ovules were started from 41 days after fruit set (DAFS). During fruit ripening, ethylene production and endogenous free PAs in skin and pulp of `Kensington Pride' mango were also monitored. PA contents of pericarp declined between fruit set and maturity from 788 to 101 nmol·g-1 fresh weight (FW) in `Kensington Pride' and from 736.6 to 89.6 nmol·g-1 FW in `Glen' during fruit development. Spermidine (SPD) and spermine (SPM) were higher than putrescine (PUT) during the initial phase of fruit growth. The highest levels of free PAs, especially SPD and SPM, at the initial stages of fruit growth suggest a potential role during the cell division phase and not in subsequent fruit development. Ovule seems to be a rich source of PAs as evident from 2.3- and 2.7-fold higher total PAs than pericarp tissues in `Kensington Pride' and `Glen', respectively. During fruit ripening of `Kensington Pride', total PAs increased in skin and pulp tissues along with the climacteric rise of ethylene, and reached maximum levels (skin 796, pulp 314 nmol·g-1 FW) on day 4 of ripening. Skin exhibited 55.8% higher mean free PAs than the pulp. PUT dominated both in skin and pulp tissues. The simultaneous increase of ethylene and free PAs during fruit ripening suggests that their biosynthesis may not be competitive, and free PAs may have evolved as a response to increased biosynthesis of ethylene.

scholarly journals Morphological and Biochemical Diversity in Fruits of Unsprayed Rosa canina and Rosa dumalis Ecotypes Found in Different Agroecological Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 8060
Author(s):  
Mehmet Ramazan Bozhuyuk ◽  
Sezai Ercisli ◽  
Neva Karatas ◽  
Halina Ekiert ◽  
Hosam O. Elansary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Rosa Canina

The Rosa is one of the most diverse genera in the plant kingdom and, in particular, its fruits have been used for multiple purposes in different parts of the world for centuries. Within the genus, Rosa canina and Rosa dumalis are, economically, the most important species and dominate Rosa fruit production. In this study, some important fruit and shrub traits of ten Rosa canina and ten Rosa dumalis ecotypes collected from rural areas of Kars province, located in the east Anatolia region of Turkey were investigated. We found significant differences among ecotypes in most of the morphological and biochemical traits. The ecotypes were found between 1446–2210 m altitude. Fruit weight and fruit flesh ratio ranged from 2.95 g to 4.72 g and 62.55% to 74.42%, respectively. SSC (Soluble Solid Content), Vitamin C, total phenolic, total flavonoid, total carotenoid, and total anthocyanin content of the ecotypes ranged from 16.9–22.7%, 430–690 mg per 100 g FW (fresh weight), 390–532 mg gallic acid equivalent per 100 g FW, 0.88–2.04 mg per g FW, 6.83–15.17 mg per g FW and 3.62–7.81 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent per kg, respectively. Antioxidant activity was determined to be between 19.7–34.7 mg ascorbic acid equivalent per g fresh weight. Rosa ecotypes contained chlorogenic acid and rutin the most as phenolic compound. Our results indicated great diversity within both R. canina and R. dumalis fruits.

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