scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF WATER ECONOMY OF CONTAINER-GROWN WOODY ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 274E-274
Author(s):  
E.C. Boehm ◽  
T.D. Davis ◽  
J.O. Kuti
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
South Texas ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Woody Ornamental ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ornamental Shrubs ◽  
Pittosporum Tobira

Relative water usage of four species of container-grown woody ornamental shrubs (Buxus japonica (Japenese boxwood), Leucophyllum frutescens (Texas sage), Ligustrum japonica (ligustrum) and Pittosporum tobira wheeleri (dwarf) pittosporurm)), normally used for home landscaping in south Texas, were evaluated by comparing water consumption and frequency of watering with growth rates and horticultural quality after six months growth in containers. Growth rates were determined by the difference in plant height and leaf area from the control unwatered plants and were used to characterize the suitability of ornamental shrubs for xeric landscapes. While frequency of watering had no significant effects on plant height, only ligustrum and dwarf pittosporum plants watered on weekly basis showed positive change in leaf area. There was considerable leaf regrowth in Texas sage plants after initial leaf loss. Of all the shrubs tested, dwarf pittosporum plants watered biweekly used less water to maintain their horticultural quality.

scholarly journals The Effects of Foliar Boron and Silica Through the Leaves on Soybean Growth and Yield

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Paul B Timotiwu ◽  
Agustiansyah . ◽  
Ermawati . ◽  
Suci Amalia
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Boron Concentration ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The University

This study was aimed to determine the effect of the increasing silica and boron concentration and their interaction on plant growth and soybean yield. This research was conducted from April-September 2017 in the integrated field of the experiment at the University Lampung. The treatments were 0 and 5 ppm Boron (B) fertilizer and Silica (Si) concentrations in 6 levels (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 ppm). The difference between the means of B were calculated by using Orthogonal Contrast and response of Si was used Polynomial at a 0.05. The results showed that application of 5 ppm of B foliarly produced higher of soybean growth and production than without B treatment through variables of the dry weight and grain weight. Application of up to 125 ppm of Si foliarly was improved of soybean growth and production through variables of plant height, number of leaf, leaf area, dry weight and number of productive branch, number of pods, filled pod, and grain weight, but it didn’t affect the percentage of empty pods. The response of soybean growth and production to the increasing Si didn’t depend on the foliar B which was showed in all variables.

scholarly journals Seed Priming Boost Adaptation in Pea Plants under Drought Stress

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2201
Author(s):  
Sally A. Arafa ◽  
Kotb A. Attia ◽  
Gniewko Niedbała ◽  
Magdalena Piekutowska ◽  
Salman Alamery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Carrot Extract

In the present investigation, we study the effect of Bacillus thuringiensis MH161336 (106–8 CFU/cm3), silicon (25 mL L−1), and carrot extract (75 mL L−1) as seed primers, individually or in combination, on morphological, physio-biochemical and yield components of drought-stressed pea plants (Master B) during 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 seasons. Our results indicated that drought causes a remarkable reduction in plant height, leaf area, number of leaves per plant, and number of flowers per plant in stressed pea plants during two seasons. Likewise, number of pods, pod length, seeds weight of 10 dried plants, and dry weight of 100 seeds were decreased significantly in drought-stressed pea plants. Nevertheless, seed priming with the individual treatments or in combination boosted the morphological, physio-biochemical, and yield characters of pea plants. The best results were obtained with the Bacillus thuringiensis + carrot extract treatment, which led to a remarkable increase in the number of leaves per plant, leaf area, plant height, and number of flowers per plant in stressed pea plants in both seasons. Moreover, pod length, number of seeds per pod, seeds weight of 10 dried plants, and dry weight of 100 seeds were significantly increased as well. Bacillus thuringiensis + carrot extract treatment led to improved biochemical and physiological characters, such as relative water content, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, regulated the up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes, increased seed yield, and decreased lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species, mainly superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, in drought-stressed pea plants.

scholarly journals Leaching of 2,4-d and atrazine herbicides in red-yellow latosol

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
S. P. Andrade ◽  
S. A. C. M. Arantes ◽  
E. A. Andrade ◽  
C. S. Pereira ◽  
M. Franceschi
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Indicator Plant ◽  
Leaching Potential ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Accumulated Rainfall ◽  
The Difference

The intensive use of herbicides has increased the possibility of environmental contamination and the accumulation of pesticide residues in soil and water. This work aimed to evaluate the leaching potential of 2,4-D and atrazine herbicides in red yellow Latosol with a clayey texture. The experimental design was entirely randomized, in factorial 5x3 (five doses of each herbicide for three soil depths). The doses used were 1.25, 2.50, 6.25 and 12.50 L ha-1 for the 2.4-D herbicide and 2.25, 4.50, 11.25 and 22.50 L ha-1 for the atrazine herbicide (plus absolute witnesses). The herbicides were applied in buried pvc tubes to the soil and after accumulated rainfall of 87 mm, cucumber was grown as a bio indicator plant. The plant phytotoxicity, plant height, dry mass accumulation and leaf area where the evaluations were performed at 21 days after the sowing of the cucumber were analyzed. The 2.4-D herbicide didn`t present significant difference between treatments for the plant phytotoxicity variable, however, there was difference between treatments for plant height and dry mass. For leaf area, the difference was observed only for soil depths. Atrazine herbicide also showed no difference between treatments for plant phytotoxicity, but there was a difference between treatments and soil depths for the other variables. Under the conditions evaluated, 2,4-D and atrazine herbicides can leach into clayey soil regardless of the dose used and can reach up to 30 cm depth.

Determining the Performance of Five Ornamental Grasses under Reduced Moisture Conditions

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 491a-491
Author(s):  
James T. Cole ◽  
Janet C. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
Potential Transpiration

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of five ornamental grass species under reduced moisture. This experiment was conducted in the greenhouse with three water treatments for each species: 1) Well-watered plants were irrigated daily throughout the experiment, 2) acclimated-plants were exposed to four drought cycles prior to a final drought period in which measurements were taken, and 3) non-acclimated plants received daily irrigation until undergoing a drought cycle in which measurements were taken. A drought cycle was defined as the time from irrigation until Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) measured 0 (zero). Preliminary observations determined the plants to be under severe stress, but capable of recovering at TDR measurements of 0. All plants were established from tillers of a single parent for each species. Two plants of each species for the three treatments were established in five blocks. Leaf water potential, osmotic potential, transpiration, stomatal resistance, and relative water content were measured during the drought cycle. At the end of the experiment the leaf area and root and shoot dry weights were determined, root to shoot ratio and leaf area ratio were calculated, and the plants were analyzed for macronutrient and micronutrient contents.

Effects of turbidity on prey consumption and growth in brook trout and implications for bioenergetics modeling

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 386-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A Sweka ◽  
Kyle J Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Foraging Strategies ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Specific Growth Rates

Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) were held in an artificial stream to observe the influence of turbidity on mean daily consumption and specific growth rates. Treatment turbidity levels ranged from clear (<3.0 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU)) to very turbid water (> 40 NTU). Observed mean daily specific consumption rates were standardized to the mean weight of all brook trout tested. Turbidity had no significant effect on mean daily consumption, but specific growth rates decreased significantly as turbidity increased. Brook trout in turbid water became more active and switched foraging strategies from drift feeding to active searching. This switch was energetically costly and resulted in lower specific growth rates in turbid water as compared with clear water. Bioenergetics simulations were run to compare observed growth with that predicted by the model. Observed growth values fell below those predicted by the model and the difference increased as turbidity increased. Abiotic factors, such as turbidity, which bring about changes in the activity rates of fish, can have implications for the accuracy of predicted growth by bioenergetics models.

scholarly journals Rapid determination of leaf area and plant height by using light curtain arrays in four species with contrasting shoot architecture

Plant Methods ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Fanourakis ◽  
Christoph Briese ◽  
Johannes FJ Max ◽  
Silke Kleinen ◽  
Alexander Putz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Shoot Architecture

scholarly journals Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Coefficient Studies in Elephant Foot Yam (Amorphophallus campanulatus Bl.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Paul ◽  
M. A. B. Miah
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Elephant Foot Yam ◽  
Positive Direct

An investigation has been made to characterize the local accessions of Elephant foot yam collected from thirteen aroid growing districts and in-depth study on genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient for plant height, petiole length, petiole breadth, leaf area index, corm length, corm breadth, corm weight, cormel number, cormel length, cormel breadth, cormel weight and yield per plant has also been carried out. Genotypic variances and coefficient of variation for most of the characters were remarkably higher than their corresponding environmental variances, which also indicate the existence of variation in genotypic origin. High heritability with high genetic advance in percentage of mean was also observed for all characters. In the correlation study plant height, leaf area index, corm length, corm breadth, corm weight, cormel number, cormel length, cormel breath showed positive correlation with yield per plant in genotypic and phenotypic level. Leaf area index, cormel number in phenotypically and cormel number in genotypic level showed relatively high positive direct effect on yield per plant.Keywords: Amorphophallus; Genetic variability; Correlation; Path coefficient.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i2.13853        J. Sci. Res. 5 (2), 371-381 (2013)

scholarly journals Differential Growth Responses of Wheat Seedlings to Elevated CO2

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza ESHGHIZADEH ◽  
Morteza ZAHEDI ◽  
Samaneh MOHAMMADI
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Differential Growth ◽  
Wheat Seedlings

Intraspecific variations in wheat growth responses to elevated CO2 was evaluated using 20 Iranian bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. The plants were grown in the modified Hoagland nutrient solution at a greenhouse until 35 days of age using two levels of CO2 (~380 and 700 µmol mol–1). The shoot and root dry weights of the wheat cultivars exhibited average enhancements of 17% and 36%, respectively, under elevated CO2. This increase was associated with higher levels of chlorophyll a (25%), chlorophyll b (21%), carotenoid (30%), leaf area (54%) and plant height (49.9%). The leaf area (r = 0.69**), shoot N content (r = 0.62**), plant height (r = 0.60**) and root volume (r = 0.53*) were found to have important roles in dry matter accumulation of tested wheat cultivars under elevated CO2 concentration. However, responses to elevated CO2 were considerably cultivar-dependent. Based on the stress susceptibility index (SSI) and stress tolerance index (STI), the wheat cultivars exhibiting the best response to elevated CO2 content were ‘Sistan’, ‘Navid’, ‘Shiraz’, ‘Sepahan’ and ‘Bahar’, while the ones with poor responses were ‘Omid’, ‘Marun’, ‘Sorkhtokhm’ and ‘Tajan’. The findings from the present experiment showed significant variation among the Iranian wheat cultivars in terms of their responses to elevated air CO2, providing the opportunity to select the most efficient ones for breeding purposes.

scholarly journals Broccoli production depending on the seed production system and organic and mineral fertilizer

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Lopes ◽  
Janaína Mauri ◽  
Adésio Ferreira ◽  
Rodrigo S Alexandre ◽  
Allan R de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Production System ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass ◽  
Espirito Santo

The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, in Alegre, Espirito Santo state, Brazil, to evaluate the broccoli production depending on the seed production system and organic and mineral fertilization. Seeds of the broccoli cultivar Ramoso Piracicaba were originated from lots of seed obtained in an organic and conventional production system. The experimental design was of randomized blocks, with four replications in a factorial arrangement combination of the lots, 2x5 (organic and mineral fertilized seeds) and substrates [S1 (soil + sand + manure), S2 (soil + sand + manure + NPK), S3 (soil + sand + manure + Fertium® 10 g L-1), S4 (soil + sand + manure + Fertium® 30 g L-1) and S5 (soil + sand + manure + Fertium® 50 g L-1]. The analyzed variables were emergency, fresh and dry mass of aerial part, emergency speed and height of seedlings after 28 days of sowing, and plant diameter, leaf area, number of leaves, fresh and dry mass of aerial part, plant height, root volume, fresh and dry root mass, absolute and relative growth rates and increment to leaf area and plant height after 104 days. The emergency was similar in the different substrates; great vigor occurred on conventional seeds; the mineral fertilization increased the production of fresh mass of aerial part; the use of substrate containing soil, sand soil conditioner Fertium (30 to 50 g L-1) increased the volume, fresh and dry mass of roots and rate of increase in these variables.

The kinetics of Ge lateral overgrowth on SiO2

MRS Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (23) ◽  
pp. 1703-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yako ◽  
N. J. Kawai ◽  
Y. Mizuno ◽  
K. Wada
Keyword(s):  
Growth Kinetics ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Lateral Overgrowth ◽  
Flat Film ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Kinetics Of

ABSTRACTThe kinetics of Ge lateral overgrowth on SiO2 with line-shaped Si seeds is examined. The growth process is described by the difference between the growth rates of Ge on (100) planes (GR100) and <311> facets (GR311). The theoretical calculations well reproduce the growth kinetics. It is shown that narrowing the line-seeds helps Ge coalescence and flat film formation.

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