scholarly journals Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Compost Maturity Influence on Weed Seed Germination

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 577e-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Ozores-Hampton ◽  
Thomas A. Bewick ◽  
Peter Stoffella ◽  
Daniel J. Cantliffe ◽  
Thomas A. Obreza
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Compost Maturity ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge

The influence of compost (derived from MSW and biosolids) maturity on seed germination of several weed species was evaluated. A bioassay was developed by extracting 20 g of compost of different maturities with various volumes of water, then measuring germination percentage of ivyleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea) seeds placed on extract-saturated filter paper in a petri dish. A 20 g (dry weight) compost: 50 mL of water generated an extract that produced the widest percentage seed germination variation in response to composts of different maturity. Ivyleaf morningglory, barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli L.), purslane (Potulaca oleracea L.), and corn (Zea mays L) were selected as plant indicators to determine the compost maturity stage with maximum germination inhibition. Compost 8-week-old decreased percent germination, root growth, and germination index (combines germination rate and root growth), and increased mean days to germination (MDG) of each plant indicator. Immature 8 week-old compost extract effect on MDG and germination percent of 15 weed species was evaluated. Extract from 8-week-old compost inhibited germination in most weed species, except yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus). Compost extracts derided from immature (3-day, 4-, and 8-week-old) compost resulted in delayed and reduced germination percent of important economic weed species.

scholarly journals SEED GERMINATION OF GUNDELIA TOURNEFORTII L. UNDER DIFFERENT DORMANCY BREAKING TREATMENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (No 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vian Dler Ali ◽  
Farhad Hassan Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Breaking Seed Dormancy ◽  
Germination Value ◽  
Peak Value

Gundelia tournefortii L. is adapted to mountains area climate, and the germination of this plant is not easily. This research conducted to study the effect of different seed treatments in various treatment durations in two experiments in petri dish in the laboratory and in seedling tray in the lath house to breaking seed dormancy and germination stimulus. Results indicated that there is significant enhancement of germination by all treatments and the maximum germination percentage was obtained by seed freezing 99.17% in the laboratory and 93.33% in the lath house for all treatment durations 12, 14, 48 and 72 hours. The other parameters of seed germination like germination speed, peak value, mean daily germination, mean germination time, germination value, radicle length, radicle elongation velocity, plumule length, plumule elongation velocity, seedling fresh and dry weight escalated by seed freezing and seed soaking in tap water at all soaking durations 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Gundelia tournefortii L. germinated seed was an anatomically examined by paraffin method and calculated diploid number of chromosomes 2n=2x=18 by aceto-carmine squash methods

scholarly journals The Effect of Osmopriming on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Characteristics of Carum carvi L.

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Iman Mirmazloum ◽  
Attila Kiss ◽  
Éva Erdélyi ◽  
Márta Ladányi ◽  
Éva Zámboriné Németh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Carum Carvi ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Seedling Characteristics

Two experiments (in Petri dishes and in soil) were conducted to investigate the effects of osmopriming on seed germination and the early seedling characteristics of caraway (Carum carvi L. var. annua). The priming treatments in the Petri dish experiment were: polyethylene glycol (5%, 10% and 20%), KNO3 (0.5%, 1% and 2%) and KCL (1%, 2% and 4%) with three different soaking times (12, 24 and 36 h) along with control (non-primed seeds). Only polyethylene glycol and H2O were applied in the cell tray experiment, which were then compared with the non-primed seeds. In the Petri dish experiment, all three priming reagents significantly enhanced seedling length, with the most effective treatments being 5% PEG, 2% KNO3 and 1% KCL for 12 h. The plumule dry weights were also increased significantly after PEG (20% for 36 h), KNO3 (2% for 24 and 36 h) and KCL (1% for 12 h) treatments in comparison with the control. In the soil experiment, osmopriming with PEG significantly improved the germination rate (GR) and percentage, the plumule dry and fresh weights and the plumule length of caraway seedlings when compared with the control. A 23% higher germination percentage was recorded for the seeds treated with 5% PEG for 24 h as compared with the non-primed seeds. The PEG-primed seeds produced significantly longer seedlings when treated with 5% PEG for 24 h. All of the applied PEG treatments significantly enhanced the plumule fresh and dry weights, with the best outcomes being after 5% PEG (24 h) and 10% PEG (36 h) treatments, respectively. The 12-h hydro-priming also significantly enhanced all of the studied germination parameters when compared to the control. The results of the presented experiments show the significant positive effects of seed priming on caraway germination and how early seedling performance can easily be adopted by producers.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Posisi Skarifikasi Benih dan Perendaman Air Kelapa terhadap Perkecambahan Biji dan Pertumbuhan Bibit Sirsak (Annona muricata L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
Arya Agung Pranata ◽  
Asil Barus ◽  
Meiriani
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Germination And Growth

The problem of generative propagation of soursop is its seeds take a long time to germinate which are caused by the hard seed coat. The solution to solve that problem is scarification and coconut water soaking to simply the process of imbibition and seed germination and also stimulate the growth of shoot. This objective of the research was to determine the effect of the scarification position and the soaking with various concentrations of coconut water on seed germination and growth of soursop seedling. This research was held at the Faculty of Agriculture field, the University of Sumatera Utara in March - July 2017. The research used a factorial randomized block design with two factors and three replication. The first factor is the scarification position (without scarification, stomach scarification, top scarification) and the second factor is coconut water soaking (0%; 25%; 50%; 75 %). The result of the research showed that the germination rate parameter, germination percentage, crop height, number of leaves, root volume and dry weight of crop significantly higher on without scarification treatment than with scarification treatment. The interaction between the scarification position and soaking with various coconut water concentrations was not significantly affecting the seed germination and growth of soursop seedling.

scholarly journals Effect of salinity on seed germination of some tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) varieties

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Getachew Shumye Adilu ◽  
Yohannes Gedamu Gebre
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
And Control

Salinity adversely affects 20-30% of the irrigated area in the world. Tomato is sensitive to salinity. It is one of the most severe abiotic factors of many agricultural crops and it becoming the main problem in Ethiopia. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different salinity levels on the seed germination parameters of tomato varieties. It was laid out in a completely randomized design with three replicates. The treatment included four tomato varieties (Sirinka, Weyno, ARP D2, and Roma VF) and five salinity levels (1 dS m-1, 2 dS m-1, 3 dS m-1, 4 dS m-1, and control). Fifty seeds were placed in a Petri dish over a moistened germination paper for germination and seedlings and allowed to grow for 14 days. The germination rate, speed and energy of tomato seeds were significantly (p < 0.001) affected by the combined effect of variety and salinity. The shortest mean germination time, the highest mean germination rate, and the highest speed of germination were recorded in the ARP D2 variety in the control treatment. The lowest first and last days of germination, and the uncertainty of germination were recorded from ARP D2. However, an increase in the days of germination and in the uncertainty of germination, and a decrease in the germination index and total germination percentage trends were observed with increasing salinity levels. The highest level of salinity (4 dS m-1) affected the germination of tomato varieties. Among the four tested tomato varieties, ARP D2 and Roma VF were tolerant to salinity.

scholarly journals Potensi Ekstrak Kulit Buah Naga untuk Mitigasi Cekaman Salinitas pada Perkecambahan Benih Kedelai

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Maman Suryaman ◽  
Ida Hodiyah ◽  
Neng Inten
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Peel Extract

<p>Salinity stress has negative effect on seed germination; therefore, it is necessary to find technology to mitigate it. The research was conducted to study the potency of peel extract of dragon fruit to mitigate salinity stress on soybean seed germination. This research used a randomized block design with factorial patterns and three replications. The first factor was the level of salinity of NaCl (C), consisted of 3 levels (c<sub>0</sub> = 0%, c<sub>1</sub>=0.5%, c<sub>2</sub>=1%), The second factor was peel extract of dragon fruit (I), consisted of 3 levels (i<sub>0</sub> = 0% (control), i<sub>1 </sub>= 1%, and i<sub>2</sub>=2%). The parameters analyzed were germination percentage, germination rate, root length, epicotyl length, electric conductivity, and dry weight of sprout. The data were analyzed with ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test at α = 5 %. The result showed no interaction between salinity stress and peel extract of dragon fruit on soybean seed germination. Salinity stress significantly decreased sprout vigor with the highest decrease was shown at 1% salinity; on contrarily peel extract of dragon fruit could maintain sprout vigor. Peel extract of dragon fruit 2% was the potential to mitigate salinity stress.</p>

Effects of Na2CO3 on seed germination, seed reserve utilizationand seedling growth in bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Sepehri ◽  
Maryam Saman ◽  
Somayeh Bayat
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Alkaline Soils ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Bitter Vetch

Alkalinity is one of the main limiting factors of seed germination in alkaline soils. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Na2CO3 levels (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mM) on seed germination, seed reserve utilization and seedling vigour of three local bitter vetch cultivars (Buinzahra, Shahreza and Tarom). The results indicated that increasing Na2CO3 concentrations caused a decrease in germination percentage (GP), germination rate (GR), seedling length, seedling dry weight (SLDW) and seed reserve utilization efficiency (SRUE). The rate of reduction in shoot length in comparison with the control in different concentrations of Na2CO3 was detected from Buinzahra as 30-92%, Shahreza 39-97% and Tarom 13-83%. Decrease in root length was more than shoot length in all the cultivars at each Na2CO3 level, as compared to the control. The weight of mobilized seed reserve (WMSR) and seed reserve depletion percentage (SRDP) decreased with increasing Na2CO3 levels up to 10 mM in Buinzahra and Tarom cultivars and up to 15 mM in Shahreza. WMSR and SRDP then rapidly raised with higher alkalinity levels. These results suggest that reduction of seed germination and decline in seedling dry weight in response to alkalinity stress is a consequence of decline in seed reserve utilization efficiency.

scholarly journals Bokashi leachate as a biopriming on Basella rubra L. seed germination and root development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phooi Chooi Lin ◽  
Elisa Azura Azman ◽  
Roslan Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Improve Seed Germination

Abstract Basella rubra L. is a type of spinach, which is edible with high nutrient composition. It is also known to be an antioxidant. However, initial germination and root growth remain an issue due to hard exterior seed coating. Thus, some may germinate within 10 to 21 days, and some may not work at all. Inhibited growth may lead to vegetative propagation and micropropagation, which fundamentally reduce the growth and yield. Basella seed treated with Bokashi leachate was found to improve seed germination and root growth. A study was conducted using food waste EM Bokashi leachate (0:1, 1:1500, 1:1000, 1:500) with biopriming duration (6 and 12 hours). The experiment was conducted in a completely random design (CRD) with 3 replications of 100 seeds, with 24 experimental units. Based on the results, a short biopriming duration (6 hours) significantly enhanced the mean germination rate, germination speed accumulated, and coefficient of germination velocity. However, germination percentage had no significant improvement by leachate. Long priming duration significantly reduced the root development due to the seed may loss of desiccation tolerance. The concentration of leachate and priming duration had no significant interaction. In order to improve the germination and root growth performance, 6 hours of seeds priming duration or 1:500 (0.2%) of food waste Bokashi leachate was recommended to soak the Basella rubra seeds.

scholarly journals Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Seed Germination of Crop Plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 280-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainab Almutairi ◽  
Amjad Alharbi
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Plant Diseases

Engineered nanomaterials have increased for their positive impact in improving many sectors of economy including agriculture. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been implicated nowadays to enhance seed germination, plant growth, improvement of photosynthetic quantum efficiency and as antimicrobial agents to manage plant diseases. In this study, we examined effect of AgNPs dosage on seed germination of three plant species; corn (Zea mays L.), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai) and zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.). Therefore, this experiment designed to study the effect of AgNPs on germination percentage, germination rate, mean germination time, root length, fresh and dry weight of seedling for the three spices. Seven concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 mg/L) of AgNPs were examined at seed germination stage. The results showed that the three spices revealed different dosage response to AgNPs on germination percentage and the measured growth characters. Germination rate values were enhanced for the three plants in response to AgNPs. Significant enhancement in germination percentage values for watermelon and zucchini plants were observed by treatment with AgNPs in comparison with nontreated seeds. AgNPs showed toxic effect on corn roots elongation whereas watermelon and zucchini seedling growth were positively affected by certain concentration of AgNPs. This study showed that exposure to AgNPs caused both positive and negative effects on plant growth and germination.

Effect of Zinc on Seed Germination, Coleoptile Growth and Root Elongation of Six Pulses

2014 ◽  
Vol 618 ◽  
pp. 339-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Tao ◽  
Mei Ying Guo ◽  
Dan Xu ◽  
Jun Ren
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Lathyrus Odoratus ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Different Levels

The ecotoxicological effects of Zn2+ on germination and early seedling growth of six pulses were investigated. Seeds of these plants were exposed to seven different concentrations of Zn (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2, and 6.4 mM). The results indicated that root growth and shoot elongation of six pulse plants were more sensitive than seed germination and dry weight for measurement of the toxic of Zn2+ pollutions. Different species show different levels of tolerance to Zn2+ pollution. Vigna radiate and Lathyrus odoratus are the most sensitive to Zn2+, their germination percentage, root growth, shoot elongation and dry weight were significantly lower than other tested species, by contrast, Glycine max and Dumasia villosa are the most resist species, their germination and seedling growth almost were not influenced by Zn2+ pollution significantly comparing the control. There were significantly negatively correlations between seedling growth and increasing concentration of Zn2+ for Glycine max, Lathyrus odoratus and Dumasia villosa. The significantly negative correlations between germination and increasing concentration of Zn2+ were show for Lathyrus odoratus.

scholarly journals Germination and Seedling Growth Response of Sprouts and Leafy Vegetables after Applying Oxygen Nanobubble Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 609-617
Author(s):  
Seo Youn Lee ◽  
Seo Hee Jung ◽  
Ah Ram Cho ◽  
Myung Syun Shim ◽  
You Kyung Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Plot ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Pak Choi

Background and objective: The nanobubbles remain stable in water, and it increased dissolved oxygen (DO) in the water that promotes the seed germination and the plant growth. We evaluated the seed germination and growth of sprouts (radish, wheat, and barley) and leafy vegetables (red mustard and pak choi) when irrigated with various DO of nanobubble water (NB).Methods: The oxygen NB was generated by surface friction and treated in 4 levels: NB 0% (control, DO 9.21 mg·L-1), NB 20% (DO 15.40 mg·L-1), NB 33% (DO 20.93 mg·L-1), and NB 100% (DO 39.29 mg·L-1).Results: The root length of radish and wheat increased more in NB 33% than the control plot. The fresh weight increased in NB 33% compared to the control plot in radish and wheat, and both fresh and dry weight increased more in NB 20%, NB 33%, and NB 100% than the control plot of barley. The leaf length and width of red mustard decreased more in NB 33% and NB 100% than the control plot and NB 20%, which indicated the leaf compactness. The fresh and dry weight of shoot and root increased more in NB 100% than the control plot in red mustard. In pak choi, the shoot fresh weight increased more in NB 100% than the control plot. In leafy vegetables, the germination rate of red mustard in NB 100% was higher than the control plot, however, it was not significantly different between oxygen NB plots in sprout vegetables.Conclusion: The results showed that the root growth and biomass increased after applying NB 33% in sprout vegetables. The leaf growth properties as the number of leaves and leaf size were not significantly different or decreased in NB treatments compared to control plots, but NB 100% (DO 39.29 mg·L-1) effectively increased the root growth and plant biomass in leafy vegetables.

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