scholarly journals The Effect of Substrate pH on the Rooting of Rhododendron with Subirrigation

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 447A-447
Author(s):  
Thomas Holt ◽  
Brian K. Maynard ◽  
William A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Suitable Method ◽  
Root Initiation ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Average Displacement ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Substrate Ph ◽  
Different Levels

Subirrigation is a viable alternative to mist for the cutting propagation of many woody and herbaceous plants. However, poor success has been reported with rhododendron cuttings. This study evaluated the rooting of two Rhododendron cultivars in a subirrigation system maintained at two different levels of substrate pH. Stem cuttings of Rhododendron `PJM' and R. `Catawbiense album' were wounded, treated with Dip `n Grow (1:10 dilution), and rooted in subirrigated perlite subirrigated with tap water (pH 7.5), or tap water adjusted to pH 4.5 with weak sulfuric acid (1N H2SO4). Percent rooting and root ball displacement were recorded after 7 weeks. The pH of the subirrigation system dramatically affected root initiation and development. At pH 4.5 `PJM' cuttings rooted 100% with an average displacement of 7.6 ml; cuttings of `Catawbiense Album' rooted 88% with an average displacement of 12.1 ml. At pH 7.5, `PJM' cuttings rooted 52.5%, with an average displacement of 0.8 ml, while `Catawbiense album' rooted 73% with an average displacement of 2.5 ml. A root ball displacement of ≥3 ml was judged to be commercially acceptable for rooted cuttings of `PJM' rhododendron, ≥4.5 ml for `Catawbiense album'. At pH 7.5 only 15% of the `Catawbiense album' cuttings and none of the `PJM' cuttings produced commercially acceptable rooted cuttings. At pH 4.5, 83% of the `Catawbiense album' cuttings and 93% of the `PJM' cuttings were commercially acceptable. Subirrigation is a suitable method of irrigating rhododendron cuttings during rooting if a low substrate pH is maintained.

scholarly journals Rooting of healthy and CVC-affected 'Valência' sweet orange stem cuttings, through the use of plant regulators

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Habermann ◽  
Rita de Cássia Félix Alvarez ◽  
Júnior Cesar Modesto ◽  
Andréa Maria Teixeira Fortes ◽  
João Domingos Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Root Initiation ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Hormone Imbalance ◽  
Gibberellic Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Rooting Capacity

Citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) is a disease caused by Xylella fastidiosa. Using different concentrations of plant regulators, such as auxins (indole-3-butyric acid) and gibberellic acid biosynthesis-inhibitor (paclobutrazol), physiological rooting capacity of healthy and CVC-affected stem cuttings were evaluated in order to investigate the importance of plant hormone imbalance and xylem occlusion in plants with CVC. The percentages of dead, alive and rooted cuttings, cuttings with callus and mean number of roots per cuttings did not show statistical differences in response to the distinct concentrations of synthetic plant regulators. There were differences only between healthy and CVC-affected cuttings. This showed the importance of xylem occlusion and diffusive disturbances in diseased plants, in relation to root initiation capacity and hormonal translocation in the plant tissue.

scholarly journals The acidified drinking water-induced changes in the behavior and gut microbiota of wild-type mice depend on the acidification mode

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Whipple ◽  
Jennifer Agar ◽  
Jing Zhao ◽  
David A. Pearce ◽  
Attila D. Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microflora ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Rotarod Test ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Taxonomic Level ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Induced Changes

AbstractAcidification of drinking water to a pH between 2.5 and 3.0 is widely used to prevent the spread of bacterial diseases in animal colonies. Besides hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is also used to acidify drinking water. Here we examined the effects of H2SO4-acidified drinking water (pH = 2.8) received from weaning (postnatal day 21) on the behavior and gut microflora of 129S6/SvEv mice, a mouse strain commonly used in transgenic studies. In contrast to HCl-acidified water, H2SO4-acidified water only temporarily impaired the pole-descending ability of mice (at 3 months of age), and did not change the performance in an accelerating rotarod test. As compared to 129S6/SvEv mice receiving non-acidified or HCl-acidified drinking water, the gut microbiota of 129S6/SvEv mice on H2SO4-acidified water displayed significant alterations at every taxonomic level especially at 6 months of age. Our results demonstrate that the effects of acidified drinking water on the behavior and gut microbiota of 129S6/SvEv mice depends on the acid used for acidification. To shed some light on how acidified drinking water affects the physiology of 129S6/SvEv mice, we analyzed the serum and fecal metabolomes and found remarkable, acidified water-induced alterations.

scholarly journals Submist is Effective for Propagation of Korean Lilac and Inkberry by Stem Cuttings

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-381
Author(s):  
Bryan J. Peterson ◽  
Stephanie E. Burnett ◽  
Olivia Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Potassium Salt ◽  
Foliar Nutrients ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Soilless Substrate

Although overhead mist revolutionized the propagation industry, it does suffer from potential drawbacks that include the application of large volumes of water, potentially unsanitary conditions, irregular misting coverage, and leaching of foliar nutrients. We explored the feasibility of submist as an alternative as it might avoid these problems by applying water exclusively from below the cutting, which is inserted basally into an enclosed rooting chamber. We propagated cuttings of korean lilac (Syringa pubescens ssp. patula) and inkberry (Ilex glabra) using both overhead mist and submist to compare effectiveness of the systems. Cuttings of korean lilac were wounded and dipped basally into 8000 mg·L−1 of the potassium salt of indole-3-butyric acid (K-IBA), and those in the overhead mist systems were inserted into coarse perlite. Cuttings of inkberry were wounded and treated with 5000 mg·L−1 K-IBA, and those in the overhead mist systems were inserted into 50:50 peat:perlite (by vol). Cuttings of korean lilac in the submist systems produced more than twice as many roots as cuttings in the overhead mist systems, with roots more than 2.6 times the length. Similarly, cuttings of inkberry in the submist systems produced more than three times the root counts and root lengths as cuttings in the overhead mist systems. For korean lilac, root dry weights averaged 58 mg for cuttings in the submist system, compared with only 18 mg among cuttings receiving overhead mist. Likewise, root dry weights averaged 70 and 7 mg for cuttings of inkberry propagated by submist and overhead mist, respectively. Rooted cuttings of korean lilac transplanted well into a soilless substrate, where they more than tripled their root biomass to 218 mg (vs. 59 mg for cuttings transplanted from overhead mist). We did not evaluate transplant performance of inkberry. Our results show that submist systems might merit consideration for the propagation of woody plants by leafy stem cuttings.

scholarly journals Sexual and Vegetative Propagation of Hypericum empetrifolium Willd. subsp. empetrifolium

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-287
Author(s):  
Anastasia AKOUMIANAKI-IOANNIDOU ◽  
Ekaterini GERASIMIDOU ◽  
Alexandra SALTA ◽  
Ioannis ROUSSIS ◽  
Dimitrios BILALIS
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Asexual Propagation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pharmaceutical Properties

Hypericum empetrifolium Willd. subsp. empetrifolium is an evergreen small shrub with small elongated decorative leaves and small yellow flowers in inflorescences, characterized for several pharmaceutical properties. In the present study, a first approach on the sexual and asexual propagation of this species was performed. Seeds, subjected to different types of pre-treatments [soaked in tap water; 50, 100 or 150 mg L-1 GA3 for 30 min and no treatment (control)], cultured for germination in petri dishes at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C. Seed germination was only affected by temperature and the best result was obtained at 15 °C (71.2%). A significant interaction was found between pre-treatments and incubation temperature with the highest germination percentage (82%) occurred when the seeds soaked in 100 mg L-1 GA3 solution for 30 min and incubated at 20 °C constant temperature. Moreover, the germination speed was fastest from 20 to 25 °C (T50= 9.84 and 9.56 days for 20 and 25 °C, respectively). For asexual propagation, apical stem cuttings were taken at four different periods (4 seasons) and treated with IBA at concentrations of 0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 mg L-1. The cuttings were planted in a peat/perlite mixture 1:1 v/v in plastic square plug trays in order to study the rooting percentage. Winter was the most appropriate season for cuttings collection (100% rooting percentage) and dipping in 1000 or 2000 mg L-1 IBA (72% and 73%, respectively) was the best rooting hormone treatment.

scholarly journals The-Proof-of-Concept of Biochar Floating Cover Influence on Water pH

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanibek Meiirkhanuly ◽  
Jacek A. Koziel ◽  
Andrzej Białowiec ◽  
Chumki Banik ◽  
Robert C. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Inorganic Contaminants ◽  
Ph Indicator ◽  
Ph Change ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
Water Ph

Studies have shown that biochar has the potential to remove organic and inorganic contaminants from wastewater. pH is known to have a crucial role in the transformation of pollutants. In this research, we explore the feasibility of using biochars properties to control the pH near the water–air interface, so the gaseous emissions from water (or wastewater) could be mitigated. This study aimed to test the effects of a thin layer biochar addition on the spatial and temporal variation of water pH. Two types of biochar and water were tested. Highly alkaline porous (HAP; pH 9.2) biochars made of corn stover and red oak (RO; pH 7.5) were applied surficially to tap (pH 9.5) and deionized water (DI) (pH 5.4). The spatial pH of solutions was measured every 1 mm of depth on days 0, 2, and 4 after biochar application. The results showed that HAP biochar increased the pH of both tap and DI water, while RO decreased tap water pH and increased DI water pH. On day 0, there was no effect on tap water pH, while a pH change in DI water was observed due to its lower buffer capacity. In addition, the pH (temporal) migration from topically applied biochar into an aqueous solution was visualized using a colorimetric pH indicator and corn starch to increase viscosity (to prevent biochars from sinking). The results prove that the surficial application of biochar to water was able to change both the pH near the water–air interface and the pH of the solution with time. The pH change was dependent on the biochar pH and water buffer capacity. These results warrant further research into the floatability of biochars and into designing biochars with specific pH, which could be a factor influencing gaseous emissions from liquids that are sensitive to pH.

A MODIFIED BEAN ROOT INITIATION TEST FOR AUXINS AND INHIBITORS

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Poapst ◽  
A. B. Durkee ◽  
S. H. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Cotyledonary Node ◽  
Root Initiation ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Growth Inhibitors ◽  
Bean Root

Removal of tissues above the cotyledonary node from leafy stem cuttings of Contender beans, after imbibition and prior to potting in root initiation tests, increased the sensitivity to growth inhibitors, and reduced the variation in control plants. Response to small amounts of auxin increased slightly and declined for larger amounts.

EFFECTS OF POTASSIUM ACID PHOSPHATE, CANE SUGAR, ETHYL MERCURIC BROMIDE, AND INDOLYLACETIC ACID IN A TALC CARRIER ON THE ROOTING OF STEM CUTTINGS

1941 ◽  
Vol 19c (4) ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
N. H. Grace
Keyword(s):  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Organic Mercury ◽  
Acid Phosphate ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Indolylacetic Acid ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Plant Stem

Greenwood cuttings of Deutzia Lemoinei, Symphoricarpus albus, and Weigela rosea and dormant cuttings of Lonicera tatarica were treated with a series of 32 talc dusts containing potassium acid phosphate at concentrations of 0, 0.1, 1.0, and 10%, in combination with 0 and 10% cane sugar, 0 and 50 p.p.m. ethyl mercuric bromide, and 0 and 1000 p.p.m. indolylacetic acid. The lower concentrations of phosphate tended to increase rooting and reduce mortality of two of the species of greenwood cuttings whereas the 10% concentration was ineffective or injurious. However, this concentration was favourable to the rooting of dormant cuttings. Indolylacetic acid treatment increased the number of rooted cuttings and the number and length of roots. Beneficial effects were indicated for organic mercury and cane sugar treatments. However, these were attributed largely to the combinations with phosphate and indolylacetic acid. The results indicate that the effectiveness of dusts containing indolylacetic acid in the treatment of plant stem cuttings may be increased by the addition of nutrient and disinfectant chemicals.

Light inhibition of rooting in Norway spruce (Picea abies) cuttings

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 1314-1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars-Helge Strömquist ◽  
Lennart Eliasson
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Irradiance Level ◽  
Light Inhibition ◽  
Lower Irradiance

Stem cuttings from 3-year-old seedlings of Picea abies L. (Karst.) (Norway spruce) were rooted in tap water in a growth chamber. The effect of two levels of irradiance given to either the upper two thirds of the cuttings or to the whole cutting was investigated. When only the upper two thirds of the cuttings were irradiated, the number of cuttings which rooted was lower at the higher irradiance level (40 W m−2) as compared with the number rooting at the lower irradiance level (8 W m−2). Rooting was inhibited almost completely at either of the irradiances if the base of the cutting was also irradiated.

scholarly journals Response of Jatropha integerrima Plants Irrigated with Different Levels of Saline Water to Nano Silicon and Gypsum

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashour, H. A. ◽  
Abdel Wahab M. Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Nano Silicon ◽  
Different Levels

An open field experiment was carried out during 2015 and 2016 seasons at the experimental nursery of the Ornamental Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt. The purpose of present research was to investigate the effect of foliar application of nano silicon with different concentrations and gypsum soil application on growth, flowering and chemical constituents of Jatropha integerrima plants irrigated with different levels of saline water. The concentrations of saline water were (1000, 2000 and 4000 ppm), in addition to tap water (270 ppm) as a control, simultaneously plants were received monthly foliar application of nano silicon 1 and 2 mM or soil application of gypsum at 20 g/plant, either applied individually or in combination.The results showed that, elevating salt concentration in irrigation water decreased vegetative growth characteristics, flowering traits, leaves anatomy and chemical constituents. In contrast, increasing salinity of irrigation water boosted contents of proline, Ca%, Na%, Cl%, total phenolic and flavonoids. On the other hand, foliar application of nano silicon and soil addition of gypsum treatments either individually or in combination had favorable effects on enhancing vegetative parameters and chemical constitutes, meanwhile decreasing accumulation of Na%, Cl%, total phenolic and flavonoids in leaves. It can be concluded that, foliar spray of nano silicon combined with soil addition of gypsum was the best effective and economic treatment recommended for mitigating the harmful effect of salinity stress on Jatropha plants irrigated with saline water at concentration up to 4000 ppm.

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