scholarly journals Using Soybean Oil as a Pesticide on Nursery Stock

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 493E-493
Author(s):  
D.E. Deyton ◽  
C.E. Sams ◽  
D.C. Fare ◽  
R.E. Moran ◽  
C.D. Pless
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Nursery Stock ◽  
Mite Control ◽  
Mite Infestations ◽  
Petroleum Oil

Our research has previously shown that soybean oil can substitute for petroleum oil for controlling insects on fruit trees. Soybean oil may also be a safe, environmentally friendly pesticide to use on nursery stock. The objectives of these experiments were to evaluate phytotoxicity of soybean oil to nursery stock and efficacy for mite control. Four replications of container-grown plants of `Alberta' spruce, `Emerald' arborvitae, `Leyland' cypress, Canadian hemlock, and `Andorra' juniper were sprayed on 26 Mar. with 0%, 1.0%, 2.0%, or 3.0% soybean oil; or 2.0% petroleum oil. None of the oil treatments caused phytotoxicity. The same plants were sprayed on 1 Aug. with 0%, 1.0%, 2.0%, or 3.0% soybean oil. Application of 1% or 2% soybean oil appeared to be non-phytotoxic to spruce, but 3% soybean oil caused slight terminal necrosis. Arborvitae, cypress, hemlock, and juniper were not injured by spraying 1% to 3% soybean oil in the summer. Container-grown burning bush plants with mite infestations were sprayed on 20 Sept. with 0%, 1.0%, 2.0%, or 3.0% soybean oil; or with 1.0% SunSpray petroleum oil. Container-grown mite-infested `Andorra' juniper plants received the same treatments, except for the 3% soybean oil. Application of 1% or 2% soybean oil to burning bush or to juniper shrubs resulted in >97% and 87% control of mites 7 and 14 days, respectively, after treatment.

Soybean Oil Used as an Alternative Pesticide on Nursery Stock

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 485d-485
Author(s):  
A.L. Lancaster ◽  
D.E. Deyton ◽  
C.E. Sams ◽  
C.D. Pless ◽  
D.C. Fare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Water Control ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Blue Star ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Japanese Garden ◽  
Nursery Stock ◽  
Fine Spray ◽  
Petroleum Oil

Research was conducted to determine if soybean oil sprays may substitute for petroleum oil for control of insects on nursery crops. Dormant field-grown `Globe' arborvitae shrubs infested with Fletcher scale were sprayed on 9 Mar. 1997 with 0%, 2%, 3%, or 4% soybean oil. One hundred scales per plant were evaluated on 4 Apr. 1997. Spraying 2% to 4% soybean oil on dormant arborvitae caused ≥97% mortality of Fletcher scale compared to only 7% mortality on untreated plants. of white pine, viburnum, `Anthony Waterer' spirea, `Green Beauty' boxwood, western red cedar, `Blue Star' juniper, `Blue Pacific' juniper, `Japanese Garden' juniper, and arborvitae plants in trade gallon pots and `Densiformus' yew and dwarf `Alberta' spruce in trade quart pots were sprayed with 0% (water control), 1%, or 2% soybean oil (emulsified with Latron B-1956) or 2% SunSpray Ultra-Fine Spray oil on 26 Aug. 1997 for phytotoxicity evaluation. No phytotoxicity occurred on western cedar, spirea, boxwood, yew, arborvitae, or viburnum. Spraying Sunspray or soybean oil caused initial loss of blue color on blue junipers and white pine. Spraying 1 or 2% soybean oil or 2% SunSpray caused phytotoxicity to `Blue Star' juniper. The `Blue Pacific' juniper, `Japanese Garden' juniper, and Alberta spruce were slightly damaged by 2% but not by 1% soybean oil.

scholarly journals Net CO2 Assimilation of Apple following Application of Soybean Oil

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 531C-531
Author(s):  
R.E. Moran ◽  
D.E. Deyton ◽  
C.E. Sams ◽  
J. Cummins ◽  
C.D. Pless
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Net Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Separate Treatment ◽  
Oil Residue ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Petroleum Oil

Soybean oil can be used as an alternative pesticide for fruit trees. Two separate studies were conducted to determine the effects of oil concentration on leaf phytotoxicity and net CO2 assimilation (ACO2). In one study, concentrations of 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% soybean oil in water were applied to individual shoots with a hand-held mist bottle. In the second study, 0%, 1.0%, and 1.5% were applied to whole trees with an airblast sprayer. Petroleum oil was applied as a separate treatment. Net CO2 assimilation was measured on single leaves. Oil residue was removed from the leaf with chloroform, dried, and weighed. Chlorosis and defoliation occurred with applications of 4% and 6% soybean oil. No visible phytotoxicity occurred with 2% or less oil. Net CO2 assimilation decreased as the rate of soybean oil increased from 0% to 4% oil, but there was no difference between 4% and 6%. Net CO2 assimilation decreased with increasing oil concentration from 0% to 1.5% and recovered to the rate of the control on day 7. Net CO2 assimilation was negatively related to oil residue. At an equivalent oil residue, there was no difference in ACO2 between petroleum and soybean oil. Below a residue of 0.15 mg·cm–2, foliar phytoxicity did not occur. Reductions in ACO2 were small and did not last longer than 7 days if residues were ≤0.10 mg·cm–2.

scholarly journals Control of San Jose Scale, Terrapin Scale, and European Red Mite on Dormant Fruit Trees with Soybean Oil

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.D. Pless ◽  
D.E. Deyton ◽  
C.E. Sams
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
San Jose Scale ◽  
Petroleum Oil

Emulsions of degummed soybean (Glycine max L.) oil were compared to a petroleum oil emulsion for efficacy against winter populations of San Jose scale [Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock); Homoptera: Diaspididae] and European red mite [Panonychus ulmi (Koch); Acari: Tetranychidae] on dormant apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees and terrapin scale [Mesolecanium nigrofasciatum (Pergande); Homoptera: Coccidae] on dormant peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.] trees. In laboratory tests, more than 94% of San Jose scale was killed on stems dipped for 1 second in 5.0% or 7.5% soybean oil or 5.0% petroleum oil. Mortality of terrapin scale exceeded 93% on peach stems dipped for 1 second in 7.5% soybean oil or 5.0% petroleum oil. No European red mite eggs survived on apple stems dipped for 1 second in 2.5%, 5.0%, or 7.5% soybean oil, or 5.0% petroleum oil. In field tests, >95% of San Jose scale died on apple trees sprayed with one application of 2.5% petroleum oil or 5.0% soybean oil; two applications of these treatments or 2.5% soybean oil killed all San Jose scales. One or two applications of 2.5% petroleum oil or 5.0% soybean oil killed 85% and 98%, respectively, of the terrapin scales on peach trees. Soybean oil shows promise as a substitute for petroleum oil for winter control of three very destructive fruit tree pests.

scholarly journals Mites affecting hen egg production: some considerations for Brazilian farms

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1230-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro do Carmo Rezende ◽  
Lucas Maciel Cunha ◽  
Cristina Mara Teixeira ◽  
Paulo Roberto de Oliveira ◽  
Nelson Rodrigo da Silva Martins
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Poultry Industry ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Mite Control ◽  
Mite Infestations ◽  
And Control

The poultry industry is characterized for its constant search for productivity and profitability, which are based on flock health status. Brazilian Commercial laying hens (Gallus gallus domesticus) have been impacted significantly by mite infestations. This review aims to compile the literature on the occurrence, economic losses, biology, epidemiology and control of mite species considered important for the Brazilian laying poultry industry. The national experience was compared with practices of other countries and a scarcity of studies on this subject in Brazil was evident. The poultry industry has prioritized the use of pesticides to control infestations with little regard for the adverse effects. In this context, the integrated control programs using several strategies simultaneously constitute the best alternative to mite control. Integrated control programs involve measures of chemical, physical and biological nature, as well as attention to cultural aspects. However, studies should be performed aiming at the development of new control methods, evaluating the adequacy of practices developed in other countries to the national reality.

scholarly journals On-farm orchards of fruit trees

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S65-S69
Author(s):  
F. Paprštein ◽  
J. Sedlák ◽  
V. Holubec
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
On Farm Conservation ◽  
Nursery Stock ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
On Farm ◽  
The Given

Four on-farm plantations (KRNAP Vrchlabí, the Orchard of Reconciliation in Neratov, Podyjí National Park, and Šumava National Park) were successfully established in a traditional form, with large orchard trees on seedling rootstocks. Certain accessions (cultivars) for on-farm conservation in the given locality were selected, according to the incidence and presentation of genotypes in these particular areas. This information was obtained by localization of fruit trees <I>in situ </I>and the determination of certain cultivars. Nursery stock production for onfarm plantations is described. Because of the longevity of the plantation, seedling rootstocks were used for the production of planting materials for the on-farm plantations. Techniques of on-farm plantation establishment and orchard management are stated within the paper. Four established on-farm plantations have ensured the long-term preservation of landraces in their original areas.

scholarly journals Sustainable, Renewable and Environmental-Friendly Insulation Systems for High Voltages Applications

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (17) ◽  
pp. 3901
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rafiq ◽  
Muhammad Shafique ◽  
Anam Azam ◽  
Muhammad Ateeq ◽  
Israr Ahmad Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Market Place ◽  
Insulating Materials ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Insulation Systems ◽  
Petroleum Oil

With the inception of high voltage (HV), requisites on the insulating permanence of HV equipment is becoming increasingly crucial. Mineral/synthetic oil liquid insulation—together with solid insulation materials (paper, pressboard)—is the fundamental insulation constituent in HV apparatuses; their insulation attributes perform a substantial part in a reliable and steady performance. Meanwhile, implications on the environment, scarcity of petroleum oil supplies and discarding complications with waste oil have stimulated investigators to steer their attention towards sustainable, renewable, biodegradable and environmentally friendly insulating substances. The contemporary insulating constituent’s evolution is driven by numerous dynamics—in particular, environmental obligations and other security and economic issues. Consequently, HV equipment manufacturers must address novel specifications concerning to these new standards. Renewable, sustainable and environmentally friendly insulating materials are continuously substituting conventional insulating items in the market place. These are favorable to traditional insulating materials, due to their superior functionality. The also offer explicit security and eco-friendly advantages. This article discusses cutting-edge technology of environmentally friendly insulating materials, including their fabrication, processing and characterization. The new renewable, insulating systems used in HV equipment are submitted and their fundamental gains stated in comparison with conventional insulating materials. Several experimental efforts carried out in various parts of the world are presented, offering an outline of the existing research conducted on renewable insulating systems. The significance of this article lies in summarizing prior investigations, classifying research essence, inducements and predicting forthcoming research trends. Furthermore, opportunities and constraints being experienced in the field of exploration are evidently reported. Last but not least, imminent research proposals and applications are recommended.

Absorption and Translocation of Sethoxydim with Additives

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Nalewaja ◽  
Grzegorz A. Skrzypczak
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Foliar Absorption ◽  
Oil Percentage ◽  
Petroleum Oil ◽  
Emulsifier Concentration

Experiments were conducted to determine14C absorption and translocation by oat (Avena sativaL. ‘Lyon’) foliarly treated with14C-sethoxydim {(2-[1-(ethoxyimino)butyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one)} and various additives. Safflower (Carthamus tinctoriusL.), soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.], linseed (Linum usitatissimumL.), and sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.) oil all similarly increased foliar absorption and translocation of14C more than palm oil (Elaeis quineensisJacq.) but less than petroleum oil, when applied without an emulsifier. An emulsifier in the oil additive tended to enhance14C absorption and translocation more in soybean oil than petroleum oil so that14C absorption and translocation were similar with both oils containing emulsifiers. Absorption and translocation of14C tended to increase more with an increase in emulsifier concentration in soybean oil than in petroleum oil but not beyond 15% with either oil. Percentage of14C absorbed and translocated from14C-sethoxydim applied to oats increased as the amount of soybean oil applied increased from 2.3 to 4.6 L/ha, but the increase was less for sethoxydim at 0.87 kg ai/ha than at 0.03 or 0.17 kg ai/ha.

scholarly journals Chemical Blossom Thinining on Prunus in New York

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 995B-995
Author(s):  
Jason L. Osborne ◽  
Terence L. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Thinning Effect ◽  
Petroleum Oil

In 2004, we conducted a chemical thinning field study in Appleton, N.Y., on 5-year-old `Rising Star' peach trees on Lovell rootstock. Treatments included soybean oil or petroleum oil applied at 8% about 30 days before budbreak. Ammonium thio-sulfate (ATS) 3.5 gal/acre, ATS 5.0 gal/acre, lime sulfur (1%, 3%) plus Crockers fish oil 2 gal/acre, and Wilthin 6 pt/acre were applied at FB; and the grower standard hand-thinning treatment at 45 DAFB. Trees treated with thinning agents were not given supplemental hand thinning. The high rate of ATS, 5.0 gal/acre and Wilthin 6 pt/acre had the greatest thinning effect and reduced fruit set by 55% and 61%, respectively, compared to the untreated control. The high rate of ATS also increased fruit size 25%, but reduced yield by 45%. Soybean and petroleum oil treatments did not significantly reduce fruit set. Lime sulfur plus fish oil treatments 1% and 3% also did not significantly reduce fruit set. Although a significant reduction in yield was observed in the high rate ATS and Wilthin treatments, a greater proportion of the crop was in the larger size categories. In 2005, treatments included soybean oil 8% plus Latron B 1956 applied 18 days and 25 days before FB, Lime sulfur (2%, 4%) plus Crockers fish oil (2%) applied at FB, Ammonium thio-sulfate (ATS) 3.5%, 5.0%, Wilthin 1.9, 2.8 L (Entek, Inc.), plus Regulaid 473 mL per 935 L/ha applied at FB, Entry 1.5, 3.0%, Tergitol TMN-6 0.75, 1.5%, hand-thin flowers to a crop load of seven fruits per cm2 at FB and hand-thin fruit to 7 fruits per cm2 applied 45 days after FB.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document