scholarly journals Correlation Between L*a*b* Color Space Values and Carotenoid Content in Pumpkins and Squash (Cucurbita spp.)

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Itle ◽  
Eileen A. Kabelka
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Reproducible Method ◽  
Color Value

Carotenoids play an important role in human health by acting as sources of provitamin A or as protective antioxidants. Pumpkins and squash (Cucurbita spp.) are excellent dietary sources of carotenoids. The diversity and range of carotenoid types and concentrations within pumpkins and squash provide a means to increase the nutritional value of this crop through plant breeding. Breeding requires reliable estimates of carotenoid types and concentrations to distinguish differences among breeding material. One method used for carotenoid identification and quantification is high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It is a highly sensitive and reproducible method but expensive and time-consuming. In contrast, colorimeters objectively describing visible color are relatively inexpensive and easy to use. The objective of this research was to determine if the carotenoid content within pumpkin and squash measured by HPLC was correlated with colorimeter L*a*b* color space values. Cultigens (cultivars, heirlooms, and PIs) representing white, yellow, and orange flesh color were grown at multiple locations using a randomized complete block design with two replicates at each location. Fruit flesh of each cultigen was evaluated using HPLC and colorimetric analysis. Strong correlations were found between color value a* and total carotenoids (r = 0.91) and color value b* and chroma with lutein (r = 0.87). Regression equations based on these correlations will be useful for estimating carotenoid type and concentrations. These close associations will also assure that breeding for enhanced carotenoid content within pumpkins and squash can be achieved using an easy-to-use and inexpensive method.

scholarly journals Carotenoid Content in Cherry Tomatoes Correlated to the Color Space Values L*, a*, b*: A Non-destructive Method of Estimation

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Shilpa Pandurangaiah ◽  
Sadashiva A T ◽  
Shivashankar K S ◽  
SudhakarRao D V ◽  
Ravishankar K V
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Cherry Tomatoes

Cherry tomatoes are rich sources of carotenoids. The carotenoids are known to be precursors of vitamin A and also act as an antioxidant. It is important to visually judge the tomato surface color for higher β carotene content since this is the major provitamin AA carotenoid. Estimation of carotenoids by HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) and spectrophotometric methods in tomatoes are very expensive and time consuming. Therefore, colorimeters can be used to describe the color and determine the carotenoid content in a relatively easy and inexpensive manner. The objective of this study was to determine, if the carotenoid content within cherry tomatoes measured by conventional method could correlate with colorimetric CIE (Commission International del’Eclairage) L*, a*, b* color space values. Strong correlations were found between color surface value a* and total carotenoids (0.82) and lycopene content (0.87). We also observed positive correlation for the b* color value with β carotene (0.86). The L* value was negatively correlated (-0.78) with an increase in carotenoids. These close associations between color space values L*, a*, b* and carotenoids will help the breeders to quickly screen large germplasm/ breeding lines in their breeding program for improvement in carotenoid content through this time saving, inexpensive and nondestructive method at fully ripe stage.

scholarly journals Southern New Mexico Dietary Practices and Impacts on Carotenoid Content of Traditional Mexican Meals (P06-115-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Lucero ◽  
Calen McKenzie ◽  
Brigit O'Donnell ◽  
Lois Stanford ◽  
Ivette Guzman
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Vice President ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
New Mexican ◽  
Community Health Educators

Abstract Objectives Identify and measure beta-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin and total carotenoids within traditional Southern New Mexican meals. Methods Three traditional New Mexican meals, red chile enchiladas, squash calabacitas, and red chile posole were chosen based on their inclusion of carotenoid containing vegetables. Seven community health educators, promotoras, were recruited from the La Semilla Food Center (Anthony, NM, USA) to prepare each meal, as commonly consumed with traditional Mexican practices and ingredients, on two separate cooking days. The red chile enchilada meal included Spanish rice, pinto beans and a side salad with tomatoes and orange bell peppers. Calabacitas were served with panela cheese and a corn tortilla and the posole, a red chile pork stew with hominy, was topped with cabbage and avocado. Once prepared, one plate (approximately 240 g) of each meal was blended and frozen in liquid nitrogen for carotenoid analysis. Carotenoid extractions were performed with 10 g samples in duplicate for each meal and analyzed against beta-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin standards via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Carotenoid content for the entire portion of each meal was calculated and remaining samples of the meals were saved for future in vitro digestions to determine carotenoid micellar efficiencies. Results Beta-carotene and zeaxanthin were found in all three meals from both cooking days, whereas lutein was predominately found in calabacitas. The enchilada plate prepared on the second cooking day contained the highest total carotenoid amount with approximately 6.11 ug/g (1.47 mg/plate) and the highest beta-carotene and zeaxanthin amounts with 1.68 ug/g (403.2 ug/plate) and 0.55 ug/g (132 ug/plate), respectively. Lutein content in calabacitas was approximately 0.47 ug/g or 112.8 ug/plate. Conclusions Carotenoid content within each complex food matrix varied between cooking days indicating that minor differences in preparation practices and ingredients impact nutrient content. Future work including in vitro digestions of the meals will provide a basis for determining bioavailability of health-promoting carotenoids from traditional Southern New Mexican meals. Funding Sources New Mexico State University Vice President for Research Grant.

scholarly journals Quali-Quantitative Profile of Native Carotenoids in Kumquat from Brazil by HPLC-DAD-APCI/MS

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Maria Pinheiro-Sant’Ana ◽  
Pamella Cristine Anunciação ◽  
Clarice Silva e Souza ◽  
Galdino Xavier de Paula Filho ◽  
Andrea Salvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Total Carotenoid Content ◽  
Pressure Chemical Ionization

In this study the native carotenoids composition in kumquat (Fortunella margarita) (peel + pulp) from Brazil was determined for the first time by a HPLC-DAD-APCI/MS (high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization/mass spectrometry), methodology. Eleven carotenoids were successfully identified and quantified in kumquat: four carotenoids in the free form and seven carotenoids in the esterified form. β-citraurin-laurate was the carotenoid found in the highest content (607.33 µg/100 g fresh matter), followed by β-cryptoxanthin-laurate (552.59 µg/100 g). The different esterified forms of β-citraurin and β-cryptoxanthin represented 84.34% of the carotenoids found, which demonstrates the importance of esterification in natural fruits. β-carotene and free xanthophylls (β-cryptoxanthin, lutein and zeaxanthin) represented 5.50% and 14.96%, respectively, of total carotenoids in kumquat. The total carotenoid content of kumquat from Brazil was very high (2185.16 µg/100 g), suggesting that this fruit could contribute significantly to the intake of important bioactive compounds by the population.

scholarly journals Variability in Prolificacy, Total Carotenoids, Lutein, and Zeaxanthin of Yellow Small-Ear Waxy Corn Germplasm

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Supaporn Sukto ◽  
Khomsorn Lomthaisong ◽  
Jirawat Sanitchon ◽  
Sompong Chankaew ◽  
Marvin P. Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Gxe Interaction ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Waxy Corn ◽  
High Level

Waxy corn is a popular, alternative staple food in most Asian countries including Thailand. The availability of small-ear waxy corn genotypes with prolific ears and a high level of carotenoids is expected to benefit growers and consumers. Integrated evaluation among source germplasm is essential before performing further breeding efforts for enhancing prolific ears and high-carotenoid content. Thus, the present study explored the variability of ear prolificacy, total carotenoids, lutein, zeaxanthin, and beta-carotene among yellow small-ear waxy corn accessions. About 44 corn accessions and 4 check varieties were evaluated for agronomic traits and yield components under multienvironment trials in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The immature seed sample of these genotypes was analyzed to quantify the content of total carotenoids and some carotenoid fractions. All traits showed that low GXE interaction and significant genotypic diversity existed among all tested accessions with the predominant contribution of genotype to total phenotypic variation and beta-carotene. Accessions were clustered into four major groups based on the similarity of multiple carotenoids profiles. Three selected accessions (UT121001, KKU-WX112087, and KKU-WX212001) had higher values of total carotenoids, lutein, zeaxanthin, and beta-carotene than those of all check varieties. High and positive correlations among second-emerged ears, marketable second-emerged ears, and total ear number indicate that a higher chance of secondary ears becomes marketable ears with an increase of total ears per plant per hectare. Lutein and zeaxanthin had positive, strong correlations with total carotenoids. The implications and breeding strategies are discussed prior to promoting yellow small-ear waxy corn as a biofortified crop.

scholarly journals Variation in β-Carotene and Total Carotenoid Content in Fruits of Capsicum

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 746-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa M. Wall ◽  
Cynthia A. Waddell ◽  
Paul W. Bosland
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Total Carotenoid ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
New Mexican ◽  
Total Carotenoid Content ◽  
Β Carotene

The β-carotene and total carotenoid content of either fresh or dried tissue of fruits of a total of 57 cultivars of six Capsicum species were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). β-Carotene levels in ripe fruit varied from 0 to 166 μg·g-1 fresh weight, and carotenoid levels were from 1 to 896 μg·g-1 in ripe fruit in 1996. The range of values for β-carotene was similar in 1997, but that for total carotenoids was wider (4 to 1173 μg·g-1 fresh weight). Fresh fruit of the cultivars Greenleaf Tabasco, Pulla, Guajillo, NuMex Conquistador, Ring-O-Fire, and Thai Dragon contained greater amounts of β-carotene per 100 g fresh weight than the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for vitamin A for the average adult. For dried Capsicum entries, New Mexican, aji, pasilla, and ancho types had the highest levels of β-carotene. In 1996, β-carotene levels among the dried Capsicum germplasm ranged from 2 to 739 μg·g-1 dry weight, and carotenoid levels from 111 to 6226 μg·g-1. Values were higher in 1997, ranging from 24 to 1198 μg·g-1 dry weight for β-carotene and from 187 to 10,121 μg·g-1 for total carotenoids. A pasilla type (C. annuum L.) had the highest total carotenoid content among the dried entries in both years.

scholarly journals Carotenoid content of pandanus fruit cultivars and other foods of the Republic of Kiribati

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 631-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lois Englberger ◽  
William Aalbersberg ◽  
Usaia Dolodolotawake ◽  
Joseph Schierle ◽  
Julia Humphries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Provitamin A ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Indigenous Foods

AbstractBackgroundKiribati, a remote atoll island country of the Pacific, has serious problems of vitamin A deficiency (VAD). Thus, it is important to identify locally grown acceptable foods that might be promoted to alleviate this problem. Pandanus fruit (Pandanus tectorius) is a well-liked indigenous Kiribati food with many cultivars that have orange/yellow flesh, indicative of carotenoid content. Few have been previously analysed.AimThis study was conducted to identify cultivars of pandanus and other foods that could be promoted to alleviate VAD in Kiribati.MethodEthnography was used to select foods and assess acceptability factors. Pandanus and other foods were analysed for β- and α-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, lycopene and total carotenoids using high-performance liquid chromatography.ResultsOf the nine pandanus cultivars investigated there was a great range of provitamin A carotenoid levels (from 62 to 19 086 μg β-carotene/100 g), generally with higher levels in those more deeply coloured. Seven pandanus cultivars, one giant swamp taro (Cyrtosperma chamissonis) cultivar and native fig (Ficus tinctoria) had significant provitamin A carotenoid content, meeting all or half of estimated daily vitamin A requirements within normal consumption patterns. Analyses in different laboratories confirmed high carotenoid levels in pandanus but showed that there are still questions as to how high the levels might be, owing to variation arising from different handling/preparation/analytical techniques.ConclusionsThese carotenoid-rich acceptable foods should be promoted for alleviating VAD in Kiribati and possibly other Pacific contexts where these foods are important. Further research in the Pacific is needed to identify additional indigenous foods with potential health benefits.

scholarly journals Prediction of Ratoon Sugarcane Family Yield and Selection Using Remote Imagery

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1273
Author(s):  
James Todd ◽  
Richard Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Systems ◽  
Family Selection ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
Color Indices

Remote sensing techniques and the use of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) have simplified the estimation of yield and plant health in many crops. Family selection in sugarcane breeding programs relies on weighed plots at harvest, which is a labor-intensive process. In this study, we utilized UAS-based remote sensing imagery of plant-cane and first ratoon crops to estimate family yields for a second ratoon crop. Multiple families from the commercial breeding program were planted in a randomized complete block design by family. Standard red, green, and blue imagery was acquired with a commercially available UAS equipped with a Red–Green–Blue (RGB) camera. Color indices using the CIELab color space model were estimated from the imagery for each plot. The cane was mechanically harvested with a sugarcane combine harvester and plot weights were obtained (kg) with a field wagon equipped with load cells. Stepwise regression, correlations, and variance inflation factors were used to identify the best multiple linear regression model to estimate the second ratoon cane yield (kg). A multiple regression model, which included family, and five different color indices produced a significant R2 of 0.88. This indicates that it is possible to make family selection predictions of cane weight without collecting plot weights. The adoption of this technology has the potential to decrease labor requirements and increase breeding efficiency.

Ultraviolet light-emitting diode-assisted highly sensitive room temperature NO2 gas sensor for low-temperature solution-processed ZnO/TiO2 nanorods decorated with plasmonic Au nanoparticles

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon-Hwan Kwon ◽  
Tae-Hyeon Kim ◽  
Sang-Min Kim ◽  
Semi Oh ◽  
Kyoung-Kook Kim
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensors ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Au Nanoparticles ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
No2 Gas Sensor ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Temperature Solution ◽  
Semiconducting Metal Oxides

Nanostructured semiconducting metal oxides such as SnO2, ZnO, TiO2, and CuO have been widely used to fabricate high performance gas sensors. To improve the sensitivity and stability of gas sensors,...

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