scholarly journals Olive Seed Germination and Initial Seedling Vigor as Influenced by Stratification Treatment and the Female Parent

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1672-1678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Morales-Sillero ◽  
María Paz Suárez ◽  
María Rocío Jiménez ◽  
Laura Casanova ◽  
José Ordovás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
Empty Seed ◽  
Two Phases

The germination of seeds and the growth of the generated plant are two phases of great importance in an olive breeding program. In this work, three stratification treatments and five cultivars (Hojiblanca, Manzanilla Cacereña, Manzanilla de Sevilla, Toffahi, and Uovo di Piccione) used as female parents in a breeding program for table olive were evaluated along two years to improve germination protocols. The stratification treatments affected seed germination (percent seeds with radicle), radicle length, seedling emergence (percent emerged hypocotyls), and the average time of emergence. The cultivars have shown great variability with respect to the requirements of the seeds and seedling growth performance. None of the treatments with heat application (25 °C) after chill (14 °C) improved the percentage of germinated seeds and seedling emergence in any year compared with the control treatment (30 days at 14 °C). Cultivars such as Manzanilla de Sevilla and Toffahi seem to be a good choice of female progenitors to improve emergence rates and to obtain early vigorous progenies, a character that has been related to a shorter juvenile period of the seedlings. Moreover, in these progenies, a clear lower apical dominance was found from the first stages of seedling growth. The olive fruit and seed traits were also influenced by the female parent. In fact, ‘Hojiblanca’ and ‘Uovo di Piccione’ showed a higher number of empty seed fruits and double seed fruits compared with the other studied cultivars.

scholarly journals Effect of irrigation by saline magnetized water on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat Triticum aestivum

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Agricultural Improvement ◽  
Magnetized Water ◽  
Different Levels

The effect of saline magnetized water irrigation on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat cultivar Iraq were studied. Irrigation water was supplemented with different levels of Sodium chloride 6, 12 or 18 mmhos/ cm in addition control treatment, and passed through a proper magnetic felid with 1000, 1250, 1500 or 2000 gaus in addition control treatment. The results showed significantly stimulated shoot development and led to the increase of germination, seedling emergence, area leaf, length of shoot and root and fresh and dry weight compared to the controls. Results also showed significant interaction between saline water and magnetized water. So, using magnetic treatment of saline water could be a promising technique for Agricultural improvement.

scholarly journals Effect of magnetized salt water on seed germination and seedling growth of Alletiffia wheat cultivar Tritcium aestivum L.

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Ismail E. N. ◽  
Hassan S. M. ◽  
Mageed. D. M. ◽  
Rasheed. K. A. ◽  
Abd A. S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Magnetized Water

A Study was conducted the effect of saline water irrigation with different levels of NaCl (6, 12, 18) Decisemins/M in addition with the control treatment. The saline water magnetized through a proper magnetic field with (1000, 1250, 1500, 2000) gaus in addition control treatment. Seed germination, seedling emergence and seedling growth of Alletiffia wheat cultivar were investigated. The result indicated significant increasing in most character studies such as, seed germination, seedling emergence, shoot and root length, fresh and dry weight of shoot, root, and leaf area. On the other hand, all character studies were significantly decreased when used saline irrigation water. The result also showed significant interaction between the magnetized water and saline water which used in irrigation pots in most characters studies.

scholarly journals Effects of Sand Burial Depth on Xanthium Spinosum Seed Germination and Seedling Growth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
yuanyuan Tao ◽  
Tian-cui Sang ◽  
Jun-jie Yan ◽  
Yun-xia Hu ◽  
Yu Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Emergence Time ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Sand Burial ◽  
Emergence Rate

Abstract different sand burial depths on seed germination, seedling emergence, growth and biomass allocation were studied to provide a scientific basis for further control of X. spinosum. Six sand burial depths (1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 9 cm) were established to explore the response of X. spinosum seed germination and seedling growth to sand burial. The first emergence time, peak emergence time, emergence rate, seedling growth height, biomass and biomass distribution of X. spinosum seeds had significant effects at different sand burial depths (P < 0.05). The X. spinosum seeds had the highest emergence rate (71.5%) at 1 cm sand burial and the maximum seedling height (7.1 cm). As sand burial depth increased, the emergence rate and seedling height gradually decreased, and the emergence rate (12.25%) and seedling height (2.9 cm) were lowest at 9 cm sand burial. The root length at 9 cm depth (13.6 cm) was significantly higher than that at other sand depths (P < 0.05). The sand burial depth affected the biomass accumulation and distribution of X. spinosum. As sand burial depth increased, the root biomass and rhizome ratio increased, and the most deeply buried seedlings allocated more biomass for root growth. The optimal sand burial depth for seed germination and seedling growth of X. spinosum was 1–3 cm, and high burial depth (5–9 cm) was not conducive to the germination and growth of X. spinosum seedlings. For prevention and control of X. spinosum, we suggest deeply ploughing crops before sowing to ensure X. spinosum seeds are ploughed into a deep soil layer.

scholarly journals Emergence rate of seedlings from hard okra seed coats and seedling growth of some genotypes of West African okra (Abelmoschus caillei)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
P.M. Jonah ◽  
G. K. Farauta ◽  
Y. M. Kwaga ◽  
H. E. Shehu ◽  
N. M. Fakuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
West African ◽  
Permeability Barrier ◽  
State University ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Emergence Rate ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Seed Coats

Abstract. In 2017 and 2018 cropping season, field experiment was conducted at the Food and Agricultural Organization and Tree Crop Plantation, Department of Crop Science, Adamawa State University, Mubi using fifteen genotypes of West African okra. The study was undertaken to study the emergence rate of seedlings from hard okra seed coats, seedling growth and their development. The seeds of the genotypes were soaked in NaCl solution for 24 hours to accelerate the breaking of seed dormancy and to ease seed germination. Tough seed coat usually impairs seed germination by establishing a permeability barrier which can interrupt water uptake required for imbibition, radicle and seedling emergence. The combined analysis results revealed a highly significant (P≤0.01) difference among these genotypes with respect to days to first and 50% flowering including days to first harvest. Furthermore, accession 3 (NG/SA/DEC/07/0448) and accession 11 (Yar kwadon) flowered earlier, had shortest days to first harvest, recorded the highest number of seedlings and emergence percentage than the other genotypes studied.

Germination Ecology of Milkweedvine (Morrenia odorata)

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 781-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megh Singh ◽  
Nagi Reddy Achhireddy
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Planting Depth ◽  
Germination Ecology ◽  
Optimum Ph

The germination of milkweedvine (Morrenia odorataLindl. ♯3MONOD) seed at 20 or 25 C was unaffected by a 12-h photoperiod. The 12-h photoperiod, however, decreased germination by 50% at 15 C. No germination occurred at 35 C regardless of photoperiod. By alternating 35 C for 12 h with 20 C for 12 h, the germination percentage was 57%. Seedling growth was maximum at alternating temperatures of 30/20 C. Optimum pH for germination and seedling growth was 7 and germination did not occur at pH levels below 6. Seed germination declined steadily at osmotic stress below −0.12 MPa; no germination occurred at −0.5 MPa. Seedling growth was not influenced by osmotic stress down to −0.18 MPa. Germination percentages of seeds kept under aerated water and nonaerated water were similar, but the seedling growth was greater in aerated water. Seedling emergence was maximum from depths of 0.5 to 2.5 cm, but no seedling emerged from 0 or 10 cm. Planting depth was negatively correlated (r = −0.7) with shoot growth but positively correlated (r = +0.98) to root growth.

scholarly journals Use of seaweed-based biostimulant (Ascophyllum nodosum) on ornamental sunflower seed germination and seedling growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Luan Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
Alessandro Reinaldo Zabotto ◽  
Half Weinberg Corrêa Jordão ◽  
Roberto Lyra Villas Boas ◽  
Fernando Broetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass

Abstract Seaweed extracts are employed as biostimulants due to their beneficial effects on crop growth and yield. Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extract aid to improve seedling growth and development, and decrease seedlings production costs; however, the correct concentration must be used in order to maximize the biostimulant effects. Consequently, this study aimed to analyze the effects of different concentrations of a seaweed-based (Ascophyllum nodosum) biostimulant on ornamental sunflower seed germination and seedling growth. Seeds of ornamental sunflower cv. “Sol Pleno” were sown in polyethylene trays containing commercial substrate. The treatments consisted of dairy spraying 60 mL of the solutions 0 (control), 5, 10 or 15 mL L-1 biostimulant on substrate. The experimental design was completely randomized with 4 treatments (concentrations of biostimulant) and 4 replicates (10 seeds replicate-1). The evaluated variables were percentage, index and time averages of germination, seedling height, fresh and dry mass of shoot and roots, and root system morphology (WinRhizo). The increase of the biostimulant concentration enhances seed germination and seedlings development. The concentration 15 mL L-1 biostimulant showed the best results for percentage and index of germination and the lowest mean germination time and increase plant height and fresh and dry mass of shoots in relation to the control treatment. Accordingly, 15 mL L-1 biostimulant (Ascophyllum nodosum) is recommended for ornamental sunflower “Sol Pleno” seed germination and seedlings growth.

scholarly journals Contrasting Effects of NaCl and NaHCO3 Stresses on Seed Germination, Seedling Growth, Photosynthesis, and Osmoregulators of the Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 409
Author(s):  
Yu ◽  
Yu ◽  
Hou ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Alkaline Salt ◽  
The Common

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), the most important food legume for human nutrition globally, contributes greatly to the improvement of soil fertility in semi-dry lands where most of the soil is already salinized or alkalized, such as in the Songnen Plain of China. In this study, we investigated the effects of salt stress (neutral and alkaline) on the salt-tolerant common bean. Seed germination, seedling growth, photosynthesis, and osmotic adjustment were assessed. Neutral and alkaline salt growth environments were simulated using NaCl and NaHCO3, respectively. The results indicated that at ≥60 mmol·L−1, both NaCl and NaHCO3 caused significant delays in seedling emergence and decreased seedling emergence rates. NaHCO3 stress suppressed seedling survival regardless of concentration; however, only NaCl concentrations >60 mmol·L−1 had the same effect. Alkaline salt stress remarkably suppressed photosynthesis and seedling establishment. The common bean compensated for the increase in inorganic anion concentration (influx of Na+) by synthesizing more organic acids and soluble sugars. This adaptive mechanism enabled the common bean to balance the large inflow of cations for maintaining a stable cell pH environment under alkaline salt stress.

scholarly journals Priming improves germination and seed reserve utilization, growth, antioxidant responses and membrane stability at early seedling stage of Saudi sorghum varieties under drought stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 938-953
Author(s):  
Taieb TOUNEKTI ◽  
Mosbah MAHDHI ◽  
Zarraq AL-FAIFI ◽  
Habib KHEMIRA
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Water Stress Condition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Early Seedling

Seeds of three sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.) varieties from Southwest Saudi Arabia were used to investigate the potential of osmopriming with polyethylene glycol (PEG 8000) to improve germination performance, seed reserve utilization and early seedling growth and drought stress tolerance. The primed (PS) and unprimed (UPS) seeds of the three sorghum varieties were germinated for 8 days under increasing PEG-induced osmotic stress. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design, in a factorial arrangement, with three sorghum cultivars (‘Zaydia’, ‘Shahbi’ and ‘Ahmar’) and four osmotic potentials (0.0; -0.4; -0.8 and -1.2 MPa) with four replicates of 50 seeds each. The results showed that drought stress affected seed germination and seedling emergence and establishment, but increased the activity of the antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT). The strongest inhibition of germination and growth occurred at the highest PEG concentration and a significant difference was noticeable between the studied varieties. We confirmed also that seed osmopriming improved seed germination performance, seedling growth and enhanced the CAT activities while reduced malonyldialdehyde (MDA) accumulation and electrolyte leakage (EL) in the drought-stressed seedlings. Seed priming have enhanced also the α-amylase and total proteases activities in all varieties. The largest increase of these hydrolysing enzymes was shown in ‘Ahmar’. Furthermore, the PEG priming lead to improvement of the weight of utilized (mobilized) seed reserve (WUSR), seed reserve depletion percentage (SRDP) and total seedling dry weight (SLDW) of sorghum seedlings under water stress conditions. Still, the highest values or all three parameters were found in the ‘Ahmar’ variety. Under increasing drought stress conditions, ‘Ahmar’ showed the highest yield stability index (YSI) and the least EL and MDA contents in comparison to the other two varieties during the seedling establishment stage. Therefore, the former variety can tolerate better a rigorous water stress condition. ‘Zaydia’ appears to be the most vulnerable to drought stress. Thus, the use of species or varieties with eminent seed metabolic quality is an advantageous trait in drought-prone regions.

scholarly journals Seed germination and seedling growth of two Pseudobombax species (Malvaceae) with contrasting habitats from Brazilian Cerrado

2018 ◽  
pp. 1915-1925
Author(s):  
Clesnan Mendes-Rodrigues ◽  
Paulo Eugênio Oliveira ◽  
Marli Aparecida Ranal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Underground Structure ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Underground Structures ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Contrasting Habitats

Pseudobombax tomentosum and P. longiflorum are common trees in the Cerrado region, but the former species is more common in forest edges while the later is present in open cerrado areas. This work aimed to investigate differences in seed germination and seedling growth in these species, from seed collected from Cerrado areas in Central Brazil. For this, a seed germination experiment was designed and included four replicates with 25 seeds per species; seeds were randomly distributed in the germination chamber. To evaluate initial seedling growth, seedlings height was measured up to 67 days after seedling emergence; besides, some of these seedlings were grown for biomass evaluation during nine months. Results showed that seeds of the two species had the same germinability (near 100%) and mean germination time (ca. 12 days). However, P. longiflorum showed a more spread seed germination through time, with higher values of coefficient of variation in germination time and uncertainty index; and lower values of synchronization than P. tomentosum. The two species showed basically the same growth pattern, but lower values for height of apical meristem, diameter of underground structures (mostly roots), dry mass of shoots, underground structure and total mass of seedlings in P. tomentosum were obtained, compared to P. longiflorum. Both species allocated more dry mass to underground structures in detriment of shoot. This probably allows resprouting behavior which prevents hydric stress and detrimental fire action typical of the open Cerrado areas.

Effects of plant extracts of Bothriochloa pertusa and Urochloa mosambicensis on seed germination and seedling growth of Stylosanthes hamata cv. Verano and Stylosanthes scabra cv. Seca

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. D. Hu ◽  
R. J. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Stylosanthes Hamata ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

Effects of osmotic stress and of aqueous plant extracts from 4 pasture species on seed germination and seedling growth of the tropical legumes S. hamata (L.) Taub cv. Verano and S. scabra Vog. cv. Seca were investigated. Allelopathic effects of plant extracts from B. pertusa (L.) A. Camus were measured on S. scabra cv. Seca in terms of lower germination (35%) and shorter root length (35%). Extracts from Urochloa mosambicensis(Hack.) Dandy cv. Nixon had no adverse effect on Seca germination, but also reduced Seca root length. There was no evidence to support the hypothesis that B. pertusa had allelopathic effects on Verano germination or seedling growth. Extracts from Verano and Seca also reduced germination, seedling weight, and root length of Seca as well as root length of Verano. Root length was more sensitive than seedling length for ascertaining allelopathic effects, as there was no osmotic potential effect on root length up to 300 mmol/kg, whereas seedling weight and shoot length declined linearly with increasing osmotic potential (r = -0·92 and -0·99, respectively). Germination responses of Verano and Seca in solutions of both mannitol and polyethylene glycol-600 (PEG) were similar up to 300 mmol/kg, but at 600 mmol/kg Verano had a significantly higher germination in mannitol. Since the osmotic potential of the plant extracts did not exceed 78 mmol/kg, the use of osmotically adjusted control treatments had little effect on the conclusions drawn from using a distilled water control treatment.

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