scholarly journals Effects of Fertilization, Arbuscular Mycorrhiza, and Salinity on Growth, Yield, and Bioactive Compounds of Two Aloe Species

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 568-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariateresa Cardarelli ◽  
Youssef Rouphael ◽  
Elvira Rea ◽  
Luigi Lucini ◽  
Marco Pellizzoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Aloe Barbadensis

Three greenhouse experiments were carried out to compare the responses of Aloe arborescens and Aloe barbadensis with organic fertilization (standard or reduced fertilization level), arbuscular mycorrhiza [with AM (+AM) or without AM (–AM)], and salinity (1 or 80 mm NaCl) in terms of plant growth, leaf yield, mineral composition, and nutraceutical value. In all experiments, the yield of fresh leaves was significantly higher by 320%, 252%, and 72%, respectively, in A. barbadensis in comparison with A. arborescens. Doubling the fertilizer dose, plant growth parameters increased, but the bioactive compounds were negatively affected. The highest antioxidant activity was recorded with A. barbadensis using both fertilization regimes, whereas the highest values of anthraquinones aloin were observed in A. barbadensis using a reduced fertilization regime and when plants were inoculated with AM fungi. β-polysaccharide concentration was significantly higher in A. barbadensis in comparison with A. arborescens and was increased by 33% when plants were inoculated with AM fungi. In both Aloe species, increasing the salinity decreased the leaf fresh weight and total dry biomass but increased the aloin and β-polysaccharides content by 66% and 21%, respectively. The results suggest that cultural practices such as organic fertilization, inoculation with AM fungi, and irrigation with saline water can represent effective tools to achieve a more favorable phytochemical profile.

Plant growth, yield and bioactive compounds of two culinary herbs as affected by substrate type

2019 ◽  
Vol 243 ◽  
pp. 464-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesham Abdel-Razzak Saleh ◽  
Yasser Ismail El-Nashar ◽  
Mohamed Fekry Serag-El-Din ◽  
Yaser Hassan Dewir
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Substrate Type ◽  
Culinary Herbs

scholarly journals The Effects of Root Temperature on Growth, Physiology, and Accumulation of Bioactive Compounds of Agastache rugosa

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Vu Phong Lam ◽  
Sung Jin Kim ◽  
Gwon Jeong Bok ◽  
Jong Won Lee ◽  
Jong Seok Park
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Agastache Rugosa ◽  
Root Temperature ◽  
Root Zone Temperature

Plants respond to root temperature stresses by producing antioxidants as a defense mechanism. Since a number of these are phytochemicals with enhancing effects on human health, we examined the effects of 4 root-zone temperature (RZT) treatments (10, 20, 28, and 36 °C) on plant growth and the main bioactive compound concentrations in each organ of Agastache rugosa plants. We aimed to determine the optimal RZT treatment to increase bioactive compound concentrations with no deleterious effects on plant growth. Four-week-old seedlings were grown in a plant factory for 32 days. Nine plant growth parameters, namely, shoot and root fresh weights, stem and root lengths, leaf length and leaf width, leaf area, and shoot and root dry weights were significantly decreased at 10 and 36 °C compared with other treatments. A similar pattern was observed for the chlorophyll content and leaf gas exchange parameters. Of all the RZT treatments, RZT at 28 °C produced the significantly greatest accumulation of two major bioactive compounds, namely, rosmarinic acid (RA) and tilianin contents per the A. rugosa plant, and had no adverse effects on the overall growth of A. rugosa. This supports the use of 28 °C RZT to successfully improve the bioactive compounds with no adverse influence on plant growth or yield.

Influence of Saline Water on Plant Growth, Yield and Quality of Sunflower Hybrid

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 3266-3271
Author(s):  
Long Wang ◽  
Pei Ling Yang ◽  
Shu Mei Ren ◽  
Hao Liang Yu ◽  
Xin He
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Leaf Water Status ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Salinity Levels

Sunflower is an important oil crop, which is tolerant to water and salt stress and can be planted in vast areas of China. In our studies, four salinity levels of irrigation were used to irrigate one kind of sunflower (TO01244) under two irrigation low limits (65%FC and 75%FC). Plant growth, Soil salinity and leaf water status, yield and quality were researched. The results showed the means of plant heights under 2g/L, 3.5g/L and 5g/L irrigation water were 9.07%, 12.45% and 18.35% lower than the tap water respectively. In soil salinization the means of ECe increased by 271.13%, 173.22%, 132.98% and 4.73% respectively under irrigation water of four salinity levels. It can be found that the seed under 3.5g/L irrigation water had more linoleic acid, which is healthy to human and contribute to address the cardiovascnlar and cerebrovascular diseases as an important part of the sunflower oil. Facing the increasingly serious lack of fresh water resources, development and utilization of underground saline water would play an important role in agricultural production.

Nonspecific responses in plant growth, yield, and root colonization of noncereal crop plants to inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense Cd

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1317-1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Bashan ◽  
Y. Ream ◽  
Hanna Levanony ◽  
A. Sade
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Response ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
High Yield

Inoculation of seven different crop plant species by Azospirillum brasilense Cd resulted in an increase in plant yield, as well as in changes in several other plant parameters, in tomato, eggplant, pepper, and cotton plants. Analysis of 56 different experiments revealed that the rate of success (positive plant response) ranged from 71 to 75 %. The dry weight of plants and yield responses ranged from significantly high yield increases to negligible or no response in similarly performed experiments. The average increases in yield in the positive response experiments were 30, 23, 18, and 16% for tomato, eggplant, pepper, and cotton, respectively. Significant earlier maturation was also detected in the four responding plant species. The response of other plant growth parameters varied between plant species. The level of root colonization by A. brasilense Cd was similar in all four plant species, i.e. root population size of 5 × 105 cfu/g fresh weight root. It is suggested that inoculation of noncereal crop plants by the cereal-root originate A. brasilense Cd is nonspecific with inconsistency in plant response to inoculation.

scholarly journals Improving Growth, Yield, and Quality of Tomato Plants (Solanum lycopersicum L) by the Application of Moroccan Seaweed-Based Biostimulants under Greenhouse Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1373
Author(s):  
Abir Mzibra ◽  
Abderrahim Aasfar ◽  
Mehdi Khouloud ◽  
Youssef Farrie ◽  
Rachid Boulif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality

Background: Seaweed-derived extracts have gained popularity in agriculture as bioproducts with phytostimulatory effects on plant growth and development. Methods: This study assessed the effect of polysaccharide-enriched extracts (PEEs) derived from six Moroccan seaweeds on tomato growth, yield, and fruit quality. PPEs were applied to tomato plants as soil drench in a greenhouse experiment. Growth parameters including plant height (cm) and number of leaves, flowers, and flower buds were recorded every 15 days. Yield and quality parameters of the harvested fruits were also recorded after each harvest. Results: The obtained results showed that all PEEs improved the growth, yield, and fruit quality of treated tomato plants. According to principal component analysis, the presence of SO4, galactose, glucose, and maltose in the characterized polysaccharides was closely associated with their effect on plant growth, yield, and fruit quality parameters. Conclusions: PEEs obtained from Gelidium crinale,Schizymenia dubyi, Fucus spiralis, and Bifurcaria bifurcata exhibited the highest biostimulant effects and could be used as bioproducts for improved tomato yield and fruit nutritional quality.

scholarly journals Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract Enhanced Growth, Yield, and Silybin Content While Mitigating Salt-Induced Adverse Effects on the Growth of Silybum marianum

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2500
Author(s):  
Yun-Kiam Yap ◽  
Fadia El-Sherif ◽  
Eman S. Habib ◽  
Salah Khattab
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Silybum Marianum

Silybin A and B are two major hepatoprotective flavonolignans produced predominantly in Silybum marianum fruits. Similar to other plant secondary metabolites, silybin production is enhanced by biotic or abiotic stresses under the expanse of plant growth and yield. In this study, a novel strategy for enhancing silybin production was investigated by applying a natural plant growth enhancer, moringa leaf extract (MLE), to the S. marianum plants cultivated under salinity abiotic stress. The experiment was conducted using a split-plot design with salinity as the main factor and MLE concentrations as the sub-factor. The individual and combined effects of salinity and MLE on the growth, yield, and silybin content of S. marianum were recorded. The MLE at concentrations of 5 g/L or 10 g/L was applied as foliar spray to S. marianum plants, which were irrigated with either tap water or saline (2000 ppm or 4000 ppm). Our results revealed that 10 g/L MLE effectively enhances the growth, yield, and silybin (A + B) content in S. marianum plants not exposed to salinity stress. On the other hand, for plants that were exposed to 4000 ppm salinity, the application of MLE was able to alleviate the salinity-induced adverse effects on some of the plant growth parameters but did not significantly increase their silybin (A + B) compositions. The current study also indicated that the increase in silybin contents was accompanied by the upregulation of the chalcone synthase 1 and 3 genes, which have been implicated in the synthesis of silybin.

scholarly journals Responses of different quality parameters of Chia to arbuscular mycorrhiza and plant growth regulator

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossam Ahmed Ashour ◽  
Sanaa E.A. Esmail ◽  
Asmaa El- Attar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Nutritional Values

Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) and foliar spray of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and their interaction on vegetative growth, seed yield and yield attributes and some biochemical criteria of chia (Salvia hispanica L.), in a split plot design with three replications. Plants grown in absence or presence of AMF were sprayed every 2 weeks with benzyl adenine (BA), CPPU [N-(2-chloro-4-pyridinyl)-N’-phenylurea], common name forchlorfenuron, and Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at 50, 20 and 50 ppm respectively, while control plants were sprayed with tap water. The results revealed that, inoculation with AMF generally caused significant augmentation in all studied growth, yield and yield attributes, total chlorophylls and carbohydrates content in leaves, augmentation in nutritional values of seeds like carbohydrates %, macronutrient, micronutrients, proteins %, total flavonoids, oil % compared to non-inoculated plants. In absence or presence of AMF, application of PGRs generally caused significant increases in the studied parameters compared to control. The interaction between NAA and AMF was more effective since gave higher increases in the studied parameters. It can be concluded that, cultivation of chia plant in presence of mycorrhiza with foliar application of NAA at 50 ppm is recommended for enhancing growth, and nutritional values of seed yield.

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