Nonspecific responses in plant growth, yield, and root colonization of noncereal crop plants to inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense Cd

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1317-1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Bashan ◽  
Y. Ream ◽  
Hanna Levanony ◽  
A. Sade
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Response ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
High Yield

Inoculation of seven different crop plant species by Azospirillum brasilense Cd resulted in an increase in plant yield, as well as in changes in several other plant parameters, in tomato, eggplant, pepper, and cotton plants. Analysis of 56 different experiments revealed that the rate of success (positive plant response) ranged from 71 to 75 %. The dry weight of plants and yield responses ranged from significantly high yield increases to negligible or no response in similarly performed experiments. The average increases in yield in the positive response experiments were 30, 23, 18, and 16% for tomato, eggplant, pepper, and cotton, respectively. Significant earlier maturation was also detected in the four responding plant species. The response of other plant growth parameters varied between plant species. The level of root colonization by A. brasilense Cd was similar in all four plant species, i.e. root population size of 5 × 105 cfu/g fresh weight root. It is suggested that inoculation of noncereal crop plants by the cereal-root originate A. brasilense Cd is nonspecific with inconsistency in plant response to inoculation.

scholarly journals Aeration Criteria and Plant Response in Peat Substrate Amended with Six Sources of Organic Wastes

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 799D-799
Author(s):  
Nsalambi Nkongolo ◽  
Jean Caron ◽  
Fabienne Gauthier
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Plant Response ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
The Media

Increasing rates (5%, 10%, 25%, and 40%, v/v) of six sources of organic wastes were substituted for peat to assess changes on the physical properties of peat–perlite media and the subsequent plant response. Wastes were both fresh and composted bio-filter, sewage sludge, and de-inked paper sludge. Geranium plants (Pelagornium ×hortum `Orbit Hot Pink') were grown in the media. Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) and air-filled porosity (AFP) were successively measured with a Cote infiltrometer and by time-domain reflectometry. Pore space tortuosity (PST) and gas relative diffusivity (Dp/Do) were calculated. Both physical and plant growth parameters were significantly affected by the source and rate of application of waste. Ksat (P = 0.0001, r = 0.937), AFP (P = 0.001, r = 0.984), PST (P = 0.0001, r = 0.935), Dp/Do (P = 0.0001, r - 0.872) linearly increased as the rate of waste increased in the media. However, plant height (P = 0.0001, r = 0.856), root dry weight (P = 0.0001, r = 0.994), and shoot dry weight (P = 0.0001, r = 0.963) either linearly or quadratically decreased as the rate of waste increased. Decreases in plant growth parameters were most likely due to high salinity of organic wastes.

scholarly journals Phosphorus and Biofertilizer Application Effects on Growth Parameters, Yield and Chemical Constituents of Broccoli

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2210
Author(s):  
Mustafa H. M. Mohamed ◽  
Maha Ali ◽  
Rania S.M. Eid ◽  
Heba S. El-Desouky ◽  
Spyridon A. Petropoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Total Carbohydrate

Broccoli is a popular vegetable throughout the world and contains important nutritional features. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect the fertilization with different phosphorus sources (i.e., soil application of rock phosphate (RP) at 428 kg ha−1, calcium superphosphate (CSP) at 670 kg ha−1, phosphoric acid (PA) at 126 L ha−1 and monoammonium phosphate (MAP) at 334 kg ha−1) combined with biofertilizers (i.e., inoculation with phosphorin or mycorrhiza) on plant growth aspects, antioxidants enzyme activity, chemical constituents, yield and quality of broccoli leaves and heads (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck). The experiment was performed according to the randomized complete block design with three replications (n = 3), for two growing seasons (2018–2019) at the experimental farm of Benha University, Egypt. The obtained results showed that the highest values of plant height, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of leaves/plant, head weight and diameter, and the highest yield of heads ha-1 were recorded in plants that received MAP fertilizer and were inoculated with mycorrhiza. On the other hand, the highest value of head length, total carbohydrate and total soluble solids (TSS) content were observed in plants fertilized with PA and inoculated with mycorrhiza. The highest leaf nitrogen % and head ascorbic acid content, as well as the lowest head total phenol content were recorded in plants supplemented with MAP fertilizer and inoculated with mycorrhiza. Moreover, broccoli plants fertilized with PA and inoculated with mycorrhiza showed promising results in terms of phosphorus, potassium and total carbohydrate content, antioxidant activity and dehydrogenase activity. In conclusion, phosphorus may affect plant growth, yield and chemical parameters in broccoli plants depending on the fertilizer source, while inoculation with mycorrhiza may also have a beneficial impact on these parameters.

Effect of rhizobacteria strains on the induction of resistance in barley genotypes against Cochliobolus sativus

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Adam
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cochliobolus Sativus ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Barley Genotypes

SummaryEnhancement of the resistance level in plants by rhizobacteria has been proven in several pathosystems. This study investigated the ability of four rhizobacteria strains (Pseudomonas putida BTP1 and Bacillus subtilis Bs2500, Bs2504 and Bs2508) to promote the growth in three barley genotypes and protect them against Cochliobolus sativus. Our results demonstrated that all tested rhizobacteria strains had a protective effect on barley genotypes Arabi Abiad, Banteng and WI2291. However, P. putida BTP1 and B. subtilis Bs2508 strains were the most effective as they reduced disease incidence by 53 and 38% (mean effect), respectively. On the other hand, there were significant differences among the rhizobacteria-treated genotypes on plant growth parameters, such as wet weight, dry weight, plant height and number of leaves. Pseudomonas putida BTP1 strain was the most effective as it significantly increased plant growth by 15-32%. In addition, the susceptible genotypes Arabi Abiad and WI2291 were the most responsive to rhizobacteria. This means that these genotypes have a high potential for increase of their resistance against the pathogen and enhancement of plant growth after the application of rhizobacteria. Consequently, barley seed treatment with the tested rhizobacteria could be considered as an effective biocontrol method against C. sativus.

scholarly journals Agro-Nanotechnology as an Emerging Field: A Novel Sustainable Approach for Improving Plant Growth by Reducing Biotic Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2282
Author(s):  
Masudulla Khan ◽  
Azhar U. Khan ◽  
Mohd Abul Hasan ◽  
Krishna Kumar Yadav ◽  
Marina M. C. Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Plant Disease Management

In the present era, the global need for food is increasing rapidly; nanomaterials are a useful tool for improving crop production and yield. The application of nanomaterials can improve plant growth parameters. Biotic stress is induced by many microbes in crops and causes disease and high yield loss. Every year, approximately 20–40% of crop yield is lost due to plant diseases caused by various pests and pathogens. Current plant disease or biotic stress management mainly relies on toxic fungicides and pesticides that are potentially harmful to the environment. Nanotechnology emerged as an alternative for the sustainable and eco-friendly management of biotic stress induced by pests and pathogens on crops. In this review article, we assess the role and impact of different nanoparticles in plant disease management, and this review explores the direction in which nanoparticles can be utilized for improving plant growth and crop yield.

scholarly journals Applications of plant growth promoting bacteria and Trichoderma spp. for controlling Orobanche crenata in faba bean

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Ahmed Touny El-Dabaa ◽  
Hassan Abd-El-Khair
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Orobanche Crenata ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

Abstract Background Orobanche crenata is an obligate root parasite belonging to Orbanchaceae. Broomrape causes great damage to the faba bean. Several attempts were applied for controlling parasitic weeds. So, the aim of this work is to study the application of Trichoderma spp. as well as three rhizobacteria species in comparison to herbicidal effect of Glyphosate (Glialka 48% WSC) for controlling broomrape infesting faba bean (Vicia faba). Materials and methods Three pot experiments were carried out in the greenhouse of the National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt during two successive winter seasons. Trichoderma inocula were adjusted to 3.6 × 108 propagules/ml and the bacterium inocula were adjusted at 107–109 colony-forming unit (CFU)/ml. All treatments were applied, before 1 week of sowing, at rate of 50 ml per pot in experiments I and II, while 100 ml per pot in experiment III. Results Trichoderma spp. (T. harzianum, T. viride and T. vierns) as well as three rhizobacteria species (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus) enhanced the growth parameters in faba bean plants, i.e. shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight and leaf number in the first experiment when applied without O. crenata infection. In the second experiment, all bio-control could protect plants against O. crenata infection, where it had better juvenile number reduction, than glyphosate after 2 months of application. Both B. subtilis and B. pumilus had the highest reduction to juvenile fresh weight, while their effect was equal to herbicide for juvenile dry weight, respectively. The bio-control agents had high effects until the 4th month, but it was less than that of the herbicide. In experiment III, the bio-control agents could highly reduce the juvenile parameters after 2 months, as well as juvenile fresh weight and juvenile dry weight after 4 months, than the herbicide, respectively. The bio-control agents were effective until 6 months, but less than the herbicide effect. All bio-control treatments highly increased the plant growth parameters, than the herbicide. Conclusion The application of Trichoderma spp. as well as rhizobacteria species could play an important role in controlling broomrape in faba bean as a natural bioherbicide.

scholarly journals Breaking Dormancy and Effects of Shade Level and NPK Fertilizer Rates on Yield of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith (Lempoyang)

Agriculture ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Goh ◽  
Thohirah Lee Abdullah ◽  
Siti Hassan ◽  
Johnson Stanslas
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Zingiber Zerumbet ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith, known as Lempoyang in Malaysia, belongs to the family Zingiberaceae. Previous studies on Lempoyang mainly focused on the chemical properties and biological activities of the rhizome extracts of this plant. Despite the tremendous demand for the rhizomes of Z. zerumbet, there is a lack of information on cultivation practices and a scarcity of planting materials. By using the pre-soaked technique, the challenges posed by Z. zerumbet dormancy can be overcome, obtaining good quality and uniform planting material throughout the year. Besides that, it is also crucial to determine the optimum shade level and NPK fertilizer rates to obtain a high yield and good quality rhizomes of Lempoyang. Six concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP, 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg/L) and ethephon (0, 150, 300, 450, 600, and 750 mg/L) were tested to evaluate their effects on breaking rhizome dormancy. Three different shade levels (full sun, 30%, and 50% shade levels) and four combinations of Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer at different rates were evaluated to study their effects on plant growth and yield performance. The results showed that BAP at 100 mg/L and ethephon at 300 mg/L performed better than the other compound concentrations tested in promoting the breaking of bud dormancy. A significant interaction effect was observed between shade levels and NPK fertilizer rates in all the growth parameters examined, except for the number of tillers per plant. Plants grown under 30% shade with NPK 4 produced the highest rhizome fresh weight, dry weight, and yield, but plants grown under 50% shade with NPK 4 showed the highest plant height and number of tillers per plant.

scholarly journals Determination of the Effect of Humic Acid on Growth and Development Parameters of Parsley (Petroselinum sativum Hoffm.) Grown in Boron Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuncay TURSUN ◽  
Sener AKINCI ◽  
Esin BOZKURT
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Growth Analyses ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

Boron is an important micronutrient, required for all plant growth, and critical for high yield and quality of crops. The aim of the present research was to determine the effects of boron on pot-grown parsley (Petroselinum sativum Hoffm.). The experimental design consisted of four treatments using Hoagland-Arnon (1950) nutrient solutions with two different boron concentrations (B1 - 15 ppm and B2 - 150 ppm), each with and without 10 ml humic acid addition (HB1 and HB2), and controls with full strength Hoagland-Arnon solutions. Growth analyses of the parsley revealed that 15 ppm boron application caused an increase in root length leaf fresh and dry weight root fresh and dry weight and leaf area compared to control values. 150 ppm B (B2) concentration decreased all growth parameters compared to controls. The two humic acid treatments (HB1 and HB2) did not increase any of those growth parameters either in controls (C) or in the two boron (B1 and B2) concentrations. Analysis by (ICP-MS) revealed that B content in the leaves increased gradually in B1 and B2, as well as in both humic treatments where in HB2 it increased to 99.38% compared to B1. In the leaves, Mn, Zn and Fe contents behaved the same as B, increasing in all treatments, with the amounts in HB2 being significantly greater than in C, B1 and B2 leaves.

scholarly journals The Effect of Biochars and Endophytic Bacteria on Growth and Root Rot Disease Incidence of Fusarium Infested Narrow-Leafed Lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 496
Author(s):  
Dilfuza Egamberdieva ◽  
Vyacheslav Shurigin ◽  
Burak Alaylar ◽  
Hua Ma ◽  
Marina E. H. Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Rot Disease

The effects of biochar on plant growth vary depending on the applied biochar type, study site environmental conditions, microbial species, and plant–microbial interactions. The objectives of the present study were therefore to assess 1) the response of growth parameters of lupin and root disease incidence to the application of three biochar types in a loamy sandy soil, and 2) the role of endophytic bacteria in biological control of root rot disease incidence in lupin after the amendment of soil with different biochar types. As biochar types we tested (i) hydrochar (HTC) from maize silage, (ii) pyrolysis char from maize (MBC), and (iii) pyrolysis char from wood (WBC) at three different concentrations (1%, 2%, and 3% of char as soil amendments). There were no significant effects in lupin shoot and root growth in soils amended with WBC at any of the concentrations. MBC did not affect plant growth except for root dry weight at 2% MBC. HTC char at 2% concentration, significantly increased the root dry weight of lupin by 54–75%, and shoot dry weight by 21–25%. Lupin plants grown in soil amended with 2% and 3% WBC and MBC chars showed 40–50% and 10–20% disease symptoms, respectively. Plants grown in soil without biochar and with HTC char were healthy, and no disease incidence occurred. Pseudomonas putida L2 and Stenotrophomonas pavanii L8 isolates demonstrated a disease reduction compared to un-inoculated plants under MBC and WBC amended soil that was infested with Fusarium solani.

scholarly journals Protection of Tomato Seedlings against Infection by Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato by Using the Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterium Azospirillum brasilense

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 2637-2643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoav Bashan ◽  
Luz E. de-Bashan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Bacterial Speck ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Bacterial Speck Disease ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Mist Chamber

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, the causal agent of bacterial speck of tomato, and the plant growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense were inoculated onto tomato plants, either alone, as a mixed culture, or consecutively. The population dynamics in the rhizosphere and foliage, the development of bacterial speck disease, and their effects on plant growth were monitored. When inoculated onto separate plants, the A. brasilense population in the rhizosphere of tomato plants was 2 orders of magnitude greater than the population of P. syringae pv. tomato (107 versus 105 CFU/g [dry weight] of root). Under mist chamber conditions, the leaf population of P. syringae pv. tomato was 1 order of magnitude greater than that of A. brasilense (107 versus 106 CFU/g [dry weight] of leaf). Inoculation of seeds with a mixed culture of the two bacterial strains resulted in a reduction of the pathogen population in the rhizosphere, an increase in the A. brasilense population, the prevention of bacterial speck disease development, and improved plant growth. Inoculation of leaves with the mixed bacterial culture under mist conditions significantly reduced the P. syringae pv. tomato population and significantly decreased disease severity. Challenge with P. syringae pv. tomato after A. brasilense was established in the leaves further reduced both the population of P. syringae pv. tomato and disease severity and significantly enhanced plant development. Both bacteria maintained a large population in the rhizosphere for 45 days when each was inoculated separately onto tomato seeds (105 to 106 CFU/g [dry weight] of root). However, P. syringae pv. tomato did not survive in the rhizosphere in the presence of A. brasilense. Foliar inoculation of A. brasilense after P. syringae pv. tomato was established on the leaves did not alleviate bacterial speck disease, and A. brasilense did not survive well in the phyllosphere under these conditions, even in a mist chamber. Several applications of a low concentration of buffered malic acid significantly enhanced the leaf population of A. brasilense (>108 CFU/g [dry weight] of leaf), decreased the population of P. syringae pv. tomato to almost undetectable levels, almost eliminated disease development, and improved plant growth to the level of uninoculated healthy control plants. Based on our results, we propose that A. brasilense be used in prevention programs to combat the foliar bacterial speck disease caused by P. syringae pv. tomato.

scholarly journals Vermiconversion of paper industry waste for recycling the nutrients usig earthworm eudrilus eugeniae kingberg on growth of cluster bean (cymopsis tetragonoloba)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
P. Sivakumar ◽  
R. Chithra
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Eudrilus Eugeniae ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Cluster Bean ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Physico Chemical

Objective: To preparation of vermicompost from paper industry waste for recycling the nutrients using earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae kingberg. To analyze the physico chemical parameters of vermicompost, vermiwash and vermicompost extract, enumeration of microorganism from vermicompost, growth parameters and biochemical characteristics of Cluster bean (Cymopsis tetragonoloba) were studied.Methods: The paper industry wastes washed for two times with preparing the predecompost and it kept in 30 days. For preparing the vermicompost, the predecomposition was directly mixed with cowdung in the ratio of 1:2 on dry weight basis in same tank. Seventy number of healthy, clitellate Eudrilus eugeniae kingberg were introduced in the same tank. After 45 days the trial tank compost were sieved and collected for paper industry waste vermicompost.Results: The physico chemical parameters of vermicompost vermiwash and vermicompost extract were studied, the growth parameters and biochemical characteristics were higher in treatments 5 and 6 of Cluster bean were using various concentration of vermicompost, vermiwash and vermicompost extract.Conclusion: Present study was concluded that the Eudrilus eugeniae kingberg is more efficient in bioconversion of paper industry waste vermicompost, vermiwash and vermicompost extract were using various concentration of pot culture study of brinjal was higher growth and high yield and vermicompost act as an excellent biofertilizer of crop plants.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document