scholarly journals Mineral Nutrient Uptake of Encore Azalea ‘Chiffon’ Affected by Nitrogen, Container, and Irrigation Frequency

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 2240-2248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongyin Li ◽  
Guihong Bi ◽  
Richard L. Harkess ◽  
Eugene K. Blythe
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Plastic Container ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
N Rates

Mineral nutrient uptake of Encore® azalea ‘Chiffon’ (Rhododendron sp.) affected by nitrogen (N) rate, container type, and irrigation frequency was investigated. One-year-old azalea plants were planted in two types of 1-gallon containers: a black plastic container or a biodegradable container (also referred to as a biocontainer) made from recycled paper. Azalea plants were fertilized with 250 mL of N-free fertilizer twice weekly plus N rates of 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20 mm from ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3). All plants were irrigated daily with the same amount of water through one or two irrigations. Plants fertilized without N had the lowest concentrations of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) averaged in the entire plant, which were at deficient levels for azalea species. High N rates of 15 or 20 mm resulted in the highest plant average concentrations of P, K, Ca, and Mg. Concentrations of micronutrients including iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and boron (B) showed varied trends affected by different treatments. With high N rates of 15 and 20 mm, paper biocontainers increased uptake of both macro- and micronutrients in terms of total nutrient content (mg or μg per plant) compared with plastic containers. One irrigation per day increased root concentrations of Cu and Zn and root contents of Fe, Zn, Cu, and B, but decreased leaf K concentration compared with two irrigations per day. The beneficial effects of high N rates and biocontainers on mineral nutrient uptake of Encore® azalea ‘Chiffon’ likely indirectly occurred through increasing plant growth.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Fertilization, Container Type, and Irrigation Frequency Affect Mineral Nutrient Uptake of Hydrangea

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1987
Author(s):  
Tongyin Li ◽  
Guihong Bi ◽  
Xiaojie Zhao ◽  
Richard L. Harkess ◽  
Carolyn Scagel
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Plastic Container ◽  
Container Type

Mineral nutrient uptake of Hydrangea macrophylla ‘Merritt’s Supreme’ affected by nitrogen (N) fertilization rate, container type, and irrigation frequency was investigated. Rooted liners of hydrangea plants were fertilized twice weekly with a N-free fertilizer plus five N rates including 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20 mM N from ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), irrigated once or twice daily with the same total irrigation volume, and grown in two types of one-gallon containers: a black plastic container and a biodegradable container (biocontainer), made from recycled paper. Concentrations of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) averaged in the entire plant, and iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in roots had increasing trends with increasing N rate. By comparison, increasing N rate had a dilution effect on root phosphorus (P), stem and root potassium (K), stem Ca and Mg, and leaf boron (B) concentrations. In general, nutrient content of each tested element increased with increasing N rate in each structure, or total in the plant. When there was a significant container type effect, plastic containers consistently had increased nutrient concentrations and content compared to biocontainers. One irrigation per day was beneficial in increasing nutrient concentrations of P, Ca, and zinc (Zn) in different plant structures.

Weed Management through Imidazolinones in Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar ◽  
A.K. Dhaka ◽  
Satish Kumar ◽  
Akshay Kumar Vats ◽  
Harender .
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Promising Result ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Pulse Crops ◽  
Net Returns

Background: Pulse crops are commonly known as poor man’s meat. Pigeon pea is second most important pulse crops of India after chickpea. Weeds are amongst prime biotic factors limiting pigeon pea yield and can cause seed yield losses up to 80 per cent. Promising result of weed control by pendimethalin was documented in pigeon pea. Also Imazethapyr is applied as pre and post emergence to control grasses and broad leaved weeds in other pulse crops but limited research was undertaken in pigeon pea. Therefore, current experiment focused to compare the effect of imidazolinones alone and in combination in pigeon pea. Methods: To control weeds in pigeon pea, pre and post-emergence of imidazolinones alone and in combination with pendimethalin was applied. Nutrient content, nutrient uptake, productivity and economics of pigeon pea were worked out.Conclusion: Among herbicidal treatments, the highest nutrient content, nutrient uptake, productivity, net returns and benefit cost ratio in pigeon pea were observed in the pre-emergence application of pendimethalin + imazethapyr @ 1000 + 75 g ha-1. Therefore, this treatment may be an effective and profitable alternative to the existing manual and costlier recommendation (two hoeing at 25 and 45 DAS) of weed control in pigeon pea in Haryana locality.

scholarly journals The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on Euterpe oleracea mart. (açaí) seedlings

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1018-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ying Chu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Infected Root ◽  
Black Plastic

With the objective of verifying the response of Euterpe oleracea seedlings to seven arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi species, an experimental trial was carried out under greenhouse conditions. Seeds of E. oleracea were sown in carbonized rice husk. Germinating seeds were initially transferred to plastic cups, containing fumigated Reddish Yellow Quartz Sand and inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Two months later, seedlings were transferred to 2 kg black plastic bags, containing the same soil without fumigation. Plant growth and mineral nutrients were evaluated nine months after mycorrhizal inoculation. Differential effects were observed among the species tested, with Scutellispora gilmorei being the most effective ones in promoting growth and nutrient content of E. oleracea seedlings. The increment resulted from inoculation with S. gilmorei were 92% in total plant height, 116% in stem diameter, 361% in dry matter production, 191% in N, 664% in P, 46% in K, 562% in Ca, 363% in Mg and 350% in Zn contents, comparing to uninoculated controls. Infected root length was positively correlated to nutrient content and plant growth. It was concluded that growth and nutrient uptake of E. oleracea seedlings could be significantly improved by inoculation of effective arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.

scholarly journals Karabuğday (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)’da Farklı Azotlu Gübre Formlarının Etkinliği

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burhan Kara ◽  
Fatoş Güllü Çelebi ◽  
Nimet Kara ◽  
Bekir Atar
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
First Year ◽  
Nitrogen Forms ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench ◽  
Positive Effect

The research was carried out with aim to determination the efficient of nitrogen forms (ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and urea) on nitrogen use efficient for buckwheat in Isparta during 2014 and 2015 years. All the examined characteristics were determined higher values in applied nitrogen forms according to non-nitrogen parcel. In compared to nitrogen forms, the highest grain yield (1456 and 1325 kg ha-1), biological yield (4873 and 4512 kg ha-1), 1000 grain weight (24.9 and 24.8 g), agronomic efficient (24.96% and 24.25%), recycling efficient (0.24% and 0.22%) and utilization efficient (0.25% and 0.18%) were obtained from ammonium sulfate, the highest protein content (11.37% and 12.44%) and agro-physiological efficient (0.27% and 0.24%) from ammonium nitrate in both years. Among the nitrogen forms weren’t significant differently in physiological efficient in both years, recycling and utilization efficient in the first year. The mineral nutrient content varied according to nitrogen forms. Generally, ammonium sulfate was positive effect to yield and some quality parameters.

scholarly journals Effect of Fertilizers on Nutrient Content and Uptake of Aromatic Local Transplant Aman Rice Varieties in Acid Soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Kamrun Nahar Mousomi ◽  
Mohammad Noor Hossain Miah ◽  
Md. Abul Kashem ◽  
Imtiaz Miah
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nutrient Analyses

A pot experiment was conducted at the experimental net house of the Department of Soil Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh to observe the effect of fertilizers on yield and nutrient uptake of local aromatic rice varieties during the Aman season of 2015. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Five local aromatic rice varieties (Kalizira: V1, Muktasail: V2, Nagrasail: V3, Maloti: V4 and Chinigura: V5) and four packages of fertilizers (F1:  Recommended package i.e. 45-10-20-10-0.5 kg ha-1 of N-P-K-S-Zn, F2: 2/3rd of recommended package, F3: 1/3rd of recommended package, and F4: Control) were used. Urea, TSP, MoP, gypsum and ZnSO4 were used as N, P, K, S and Zn source, respectively. According to the treatment, all fertilizers were applied as basal during final pot preparation while urea was applied in two equal splits (one half as basal and another half at 40 DAT). Nutrient content and uptake of the aromatic rice varieties were significantly affected by the application of different fertilizer packages (with few exceptions). Mostly Kalizira (1.10-0.44-2.31-0.67-13.75 g pot-1 of N-P-K-S-Zn) and/or Nagrasail (1.15-0.46-2.70-0.62-11.74 g pot-1 of N-P-K-S-Zn) varieties showed the highest nutrient uptake in grain and straw with recommended package of fertilizers. While in maximum cases Chinigura (0.41-0.16-0.76-0.197-3.17 g pot-1 of N-P-K-S-Zn) was observed to have the lowest with control treatment. In case of post harvest soil nutrient analyses, Kalizira and/or Chinigura variety associated with recommended package of fertilizers showed the highest nutrient status.

scholarly journals Micronutrient Availability from Steel Slag Amendment in Pine Bark Substrates

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
James E. Altland ◽  
James C. Locke ◽  
Wendy L. Zellner
Keyword(s):  
Plant Uptake ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Micronutrient Availability ◽  
Base Substrate

Steel slag is a byproduct of the steel industry that can be used as a liming agent, but also has a high mineral nutrient content. While micronutrients are present in steel slag, it is not known if the mineral form of the micronutrients would render them available for plant uptake. The objective of this research was to determine if steel slag could be used as the sole micronutrient source for container-grown nursery crops. Butterfly bush (Buddleja davidii ‘Pink Delight’) and rose (Rosa ‘Radrazz’) were grown in #3 (3 gal) containers in a base substrate composed of pine bark and peatmoss (80:20, by vol). The base substrate was amended with the following treatments: with a complete controlled release fertilizer (CRF) including micronutrients (C-control), a substrate amended with a different CRF containing only N, P, and K along with a granular micronutrient package (M-control), and three additional treatments amended with the CRF (N, P, and K only) and either 1.2, 2.4, or 4.8 kg·m−3 (2, 4, and 8 lb·yd−3) of steel slag. Plants were harvested at 2 and 4 months after potting (MAP). None of the plants displayed any sign of nutrient deficiency or toxicity throughout the experiment. However, plants grown in the substrate amended with the highest slag rate [4.8 kg·m−3 (8 lb·yd−3)] had lower shoot dry weight (SDW) than both control groups. Substrate pH increased with increasing slag rate, which may have affected micronutrient availability in those substrates. Among the micronutrients analyzed, only Copper (Cu) was consistently deficient in both the substrate and foliar tissue of slag-amended treatments. Steel slag either does not provide a sufficient quantity of Cu or the concomitant increase in pH with increasing rates of steel slag renders Cu unavailable for plant uptake. Steel slag should not be used as the sole source of micronutrients for shrubs grown in pine bark-based substrates.

scholarly journals Herd Homes: nutrient management and farmer perceptions of performance

2006 ◽  
pp. 309-313
Author(s):  
R.D.Longhurst J. Luo ◽  
M.B. O'Connor ◽  
T. Pow
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wood Shavings ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
The Media

The recent invention of Herd Homes has presented NZ dairy farmers with a flexible facility for feeding and standing-off stock especially during wet periods. Herd Homes are a combination of feeding platform, stand-off facility and animal shelter comprising a "greenhouse" type roof over slatted concrete floors with an underfloor manure bunker. The prototype Herd Home built in Northland for 230 cows was closely monitored during its initial year (2002/03). Different bunker media were evaluated for their ability to absorb and retain manure nutrients. The media tested were natural materials (soil, wood shavings and a combination of soil/wood shavings) that were all effective at capturing nutrients (N and S) from the bunker manure. Benefits of media amendments are greater nutrient enrichment of the final bunker manure making it more useful for subsequent land application. Use of soil as a bunker medium appears to be the most viable and cost effective option. In early 2006, manure samples were collected from Herd Home bunkers from four geographically diverse areas of NZ and analysed for nutrient content. Nutrient concentrations found reflected variability in cow numbers, usage and feed inputs. In November 2004, 10 existing Herd Home owners were surveyed as to their reasons for purchase. The farmers reported ease of farm management, "on-off" grazing, reduced pugging damage, and improved stock condition and production were some of the beneficial effects of Herd Homes. Keywords: Herd Homes, winter management, wintering system, stand off, feed pad, manure management, bunker manure

scholarly journals Impact of organic manure and combination of N P K S, on yield, fruit quality and fruit mineral content of Khenazi date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivar

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Elsadig Hassan Elsadig ◽  
Hameed Jasim Aljuburi ◽  
Ali Hamad Bashir Elamin ◽  
Mohamed Osman Gafar
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera L

This study was carried out during three successive seasons 2011, 2012 and 2013 at a private orchard located in Al- Hello in Ajman Emirate (UAE). The experiment was designed to study the effect of organic manure and NPKS as soil application on yield, fruit quality, and fruit mineral nutrient content of Khenazi date palm cultivar grown in sandy soil. Fertilization treatments consisted of N1, 600g or N2, 1000g (urea 46%N), P 800g (triple superphosphate, 48% P2O5), K 1200g (potassium sulphate, 50% K2SO4) and S 700g sulphur (90% granular S), in addition to organic manure. Al experimental trees received 100g mixture of micronutrients, with the exception of the control. The results showed that combination treatments and organic manure significantly affected fruit weight, flesh weight, fruit volume, moisture content and fruit TSS. Application of different fertilization treatments significantly affected yield components of fruit, number of fruits/strand, fruit number/bunch, fruit set percent and total fruit yield / palm. The study revealed that combination of fertilizers improved fruit nutrient content of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu. Moisture and TSS% content, number of fruits/strand, number of fruits/bunch, fruit nutrients content of Fe, Mn and Zn were significantly different due to the application of N1+K+S.

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