scholarly journals Field Testing Bacterial Wilt-resistant Tomato Somaclones

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol A. Bobisud ◽  
Susan P. Martin ◽  
Terry T. Sekioka

`Healani' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) somaclones were tested in a bacterial wilt (Pseudomonas solanacearum E.F. Smith) infected field. Survival percentages of selected somaclonal lines were from 40% to 100%, while the original `Healani' had a survival rate of 0% and resistant `Kewalo' had 30%. Eighteen bacterial wilt resistant somaclonal lines were selected and tested for retention of horticultural characters in a noninfected field. `Healani' significantly outyielded all tested somaclonal lines in total fruit weight and total number of fruit per plant. `Healani' had greater fruit diameter than seven of the lines, greater width of the outer wall of the fruit pericarp than seventeen of the lines, and fewer locules in the fruit than seven of the lines.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. p289
Author(s):  
Fasikaw Belay ◽  
Berhanu Abate ◽  
Yemane Tsehaye

Hot pepper production in most areas of Ethiopia especially in Tigray region is constrained by shortage of varieties, the prevalence of fungal and bacterial as well as viral diseases. Sixty-four hot pepper genotypes were evaluated to obtain the extent of genetic variability, association among characters. The experiment was laid out using 8x8 simple lattice design at Axum Agricultural Research center in 2017/18. Data were collected for 19 agronomic characters and analysis of variance revealed significant differences (p<0.01) among the genotypes for all characters. Fruit yield ranged from 0.8 to 4.5 t ha-1 with a mean of 2.7 t ha-1. The genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) ranged from 3.57and 3.84 for days to maturity to 42.4 and 42.9% for average single fruit weight. All the traits had moderate to very high broad sense heritability while genetic advance as percent of mean (GAM) ranged from 8.34 for days to maturity to 85% for average single fruit weigh. High heritability coupled with high GAM was obtained for average single fruit weight, fruit length, dry fruit yield per plant, fruit diameter and thousand seed weight reflecting the presence of additive gene action for the expression of these traits and improvement of these characters could be done through selection. Fruit yield per hectare had positive and highly significant phenotypic and genotypic correlations with dry fruit yield per plant, average single fruit weight, fruit pericarp thickness, thousand seed weight, fruit diameter and fruit length, but it had negative and highly significant genotypic and phenotypic correlations with days to maturity. Estimates of genotypic and phenotypic direct and indirect effects of various characters on fruit yield showed that dry fruit yield per plant, fruit pericarp thickness had the highest positive direct contribution to fruit yield indicating that selection based on these characters will improve fruit yield. In conclusion, the research results showed the presence of significant variations among genotypes for agro-morphology traits. Therefore, it is recommended further evaluation of genotypes or hybrids that exhibited highest yield, quality and disease resistance in subsequent breeding programs to improve the productivity of the crop.


HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 268F-268
Author(s):  
R. Ssonkko ◽  
S.J. Locascio ◽  
R.E. Stall ◽  
D.N. Maynard

A single lime application of 5.4 t/ha per 20 cm increment of soil to a depth of 60 cm controlled bacterial wilt (Psendomonas solanacearum E. Smith) up to 2 years in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) growing in a naturally infested soil. `Sunny' with 64% disease incidence, was the most susceptible, `Capitan' (20%) was intermediate, and `Caraibo' (5%) and `Hawaii 7997' (2%) were the least susceptible. Incorporation of lime 40 to 60 cm deep reduced bacterial wilt incidence in 'Capitan' by 75%, and 60% in `Sunny'. The number of bacteria in the soil was not affected by lime treatment. Soil pH and total Caincreased linearly with time and with depth of lime incorporation. Bacterial wilt control in `Sunny' and `Capitan' was associated with an increase in pH. Liming to 40 or 60 cm generally increased leaf Ca and decreased Mn, Zn, and Cu. `Hawaii 7997' contained significantly higher concentrations of Ca, Mg, and K, and lower Cu compared to 'Sunny'. `Hawaii 7997' produced significantly higher yields than the other cultivars. Deep lime incorporation increased fruit weight of `Sunny' by 184% and 'Capitan' by 79% as compared with 0 lime.


HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 801A-801
Author(s):  
Francisco Radillo-Juárez*

In the world horticultural production, the tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) contributes with the 47% of the destined area. In Mexico, 10% of the area is cultivated under intensive systems, where is used one or more technologies for obtaining higher productivity and quality; however, the environmental conditions are determinant factors to produce red tomato in the dry tropic, influencing the adaptation and persistence in the market. The aim of this research was to evaluate the adaptation and yield performance of tomato hybrids in fresh production under mulching, fertilization and irrigation. The tomato cultivars used were: `Access', `Centurion', `Bishop', `Dean', and `Yaqui' (control). They were distributed under a Completely randomized blocks design with four replications. The experiment was carried out in Villa de Alvarez, Colima, México. `Yaqui' exhibited the highest plant height 98.8 cm, as web as the highest fruit diameter with 4.61 cm; `Bishop' produced the highest number with 154.5 fruits per plant, followed by `Yaqui', and `Centurion', with 91 fresh fruits. In the variable fruit weight, `Yaqui' showed 93.44 g. In total fresh fruit yield per plant, `Yaqui' produced the highest yield with 8.46 kg, followed by `Bishop' with 4.91 kg; and total yield of 117.5, and 68.2 t·ha-1, respectively. Yaqui' was the genotype with best adaptation and agronomic characteristics. We speculate that environment conditions in field are determinant factors in the introduction of new tomato introductions.


2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1529-1535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weizu Wang ◽  
Huazhong Lu ◽  
Changki Mo ◽  
Zhou Yang ◽  
Cameron Jay Hohimer ◽  
...  

Abstract. This article presents a fruiting branch shaker designed for litchi ( Sonn.) harvesting and field testing results of the mechanical shaker with abscission chemical treatment. During the mature litchi season, mechanical harvesting experiments were conducted on Feizixiao litchi trees with and without applying the abscission chemical (Ethrel, 2-chloroethyl phosphoric acid). Fruit detachment force (FDF) and fruit weight (W) were measured to determine the effect of chemical treatment on the FDF/W ratio. Fruits harvested by different methods were transported to the laboratory in Guangzhou city and stored at 6°C. Testing results showed that more than 88% of litchi fruits untreated with the chemical were removed at a frequency of 26 or 32 Hz and that the harvesting rate was roughly 3.5 times greater than that of hand harvesting. Application of the abscission chemical increased the removal percentage and harvesting rate of litchi fruits by about 10% while showing a decreased damage rate. Storage tests also indicated no significantly different characteristics between untreated fruits harvested by the shaker and by hand. However, there were significant differences between treated fruits and untreated fruit in browning index and total soluble solids content. Keywords: Abscission chemical, Detachment force, Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.), Mechanical harvest, Multi-finger branch shaking.


2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
NICOLE TREVISANI ◽  
RITA CAROLINA DE MELO ◽  
MAURO PORTO COLLI ◽  
JEFFERSON LUÍS MEIRELLES COIMBRA ◽  
ALTAMIR FREDERICO GUIDOLIN

ABSTRACT Knowledge about associations between traits is fundamental for plant breeding, since indirect selection can accelerate the development of promising genotypes. This study assessed the magnitude of associations between agronomically important traits in fisális (Physalis peruviana L). The experiment was conducted in Lages, Santa Catarina, and the treatments consisted of six fisális populations. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design, with two replications and seven plants per plot. The correlations between traits were estimated based on the Pearson correlation coefficients and partitioned into direct and indirect effects through path analysis. Fruit weight was positively correlated with number of seeds (0.874), equatorial fruit diameter (0.738) and polar fruit diameter (0.672). By path analysis, number of seeds was identified as the trait with the highest direct contribution to fruit weight. The high phenotypic correlations between the equatorial and polar fruit diameters with fruit weight were mainly due to the indirect effect via number of seeds (0.505 and 0.459). The selection for heavier fisális fruits was strongly influenced by number of seeds, i.e., this trait should be taken into account for selection.


Author(s):  
Tanzina Baby ◽  
Banalata Das ◽  
Anjuman Ara ◽  
Shormin Choudhury ◽  
Jasim Uddain

The experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University's Horticulture Farm, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, to determine the effect of pruning and GA3 on squash growth and yield over the period from November 2017 to February 2018 Three levels of pruning as P0 = No pruning (control), P1 = 1st pruning at 20 DAT (1st and 2nd leaves) and P2 = 2nd pruning at 30 DAT (3rd and 4th leaves) and four levels of GA3foliar application as G0 = No GA3 (control), G1 = 100 ppm GA3, G2 = 200 ppm GA3 and G3 = 400 ppm GA3 considered for the present study. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Considering growth parameters, pruning treatment had a significant effect on growth, yield contributing parameters and yield of squash except for stem base diameter and individual fruit weight. Regarding GA3 treatments, growth and yield parameters were significantly influenced except fruit diameter. In terms of the combined effect of pruning and GA3 treatments, all the studied growth and yield parameters were significantly influenced. The highest stem length (64.73 cm), number of leaves plant-1 (23.59), stem base diameter (2.09 cm), number of male flower plant-1 (8.69), number of female flower plant-1 (7.52), total number of fruits plant-1 (5.74), fruit length (22.42 cm), fruit diameter (6.15 cm), individual fruit weight (507.66 g), dry weight of fruit (6.61%), weight of fruits plant-1 (2914.33 g) and fruit yield ha-1 (29.14 t) were also found from the treatment combination of P1G1 compared to the other treatment combination. Hence, we can summarize that 1st pruning at 20 DAT (1st and 2nd leaves) with 100 ppm GA3 given the maximum output in terms of yield compared to other treatments.


Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Juniomar Schmidt ◽  
Caroline Merlo Meneghelli ◽  
Marcelo Rodrigo Krause ◽  
Marcos Vinícius Hell ◽  
Milson Lopes de Oliveira ◽  
...  

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a viabilidade agroeconômica do tomateiro em sistema de tutoramento vertical em espiral conduzido com uma ou duas hastes por planta. O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 3x2, com quatro repetições, sendo avaliados três métodos de tutoramento: espiral, mexicano e estacas de bambu individuais na vertical e dois sistemas de condução: com uma haste e duas hastes por planta. Avaliou-se a produção de frutos por planta, diâmetro dos frutos, distribuição do número de frutos por classe de tamanho, altura das plantas e de inserção do primeiro cacho e o custo de produção. O método de tutoramento em espiral apresentou produção de frutos por planta semelhante ao método com bambu e superior ao mexicano. Quando as plantas foram conduzidas com uma haste, o diâmetro de frutos obtido no método em espiral foi superior ao método mexicano, entretanto, não diferiu do método com bambu. A receita líquida obtida no método em espiral foi superior à do método mexicano e inferior a do método com bambu. O tutoramento bambu vertical apresenta maior rentabilidade econômica quando comparado aos métodos espiral e mexicano. O tutoramento em espiral pode substituir o tutoramento mexicano, pois apresenta maior rentabilidade, credenciando-se como um novo método de tutoramento para o cultivo de tomate de crescimento indeterminado.Palavras-chave: Lycopersicon esculentum Mill, sistema de condução, crescimento indeterminado. TOMATO PERFORMANCE IN VERTICAL TUNA SYSTEM IN SPIRAL CONDUCTED WITH ONE OR TWO HASTES ABSTRACT:The current study aims to evaluate the agroeconomic viability of the tomato in a spiral vertical steerage system conducted with one or two stems per plant. The experimental design was in a randomized block with a 3x2 factorial, with four replications, and three tutoring methods were evaluated: spiral, Mexican and individual bamboo stakes vertically and two systems of conduction: with oneortwo stems per plant. Fruit production per plant, fruit diameter, number of fruits per size class, height of plants and insertion of the first cluster and the cost of production were evaluated. The spiral tutoring method showed fruit production per plant similar to the method with bamboo and superior to the Mexican one. When the plants were conducted with a stem, the fruit diameter obtained in the spiral method was superior to the Mexican method, however, did not differ from the method with bamboo. The net revenue obtained in the spiral method was higher than the Mexican method and lower than the method with bamboo. The vertical bamboo tufting presents greater economic profitability when compared to the spiral and Mexican methods. The spiral tutoring can replace the Mexican tutoring, since it presents greater profitability, being accredited as a new method of tutoring for the cultivation of undetermined growth tomato.Keywords: Lycopersicon esculentum Mill, driving system, indeterminate growth.


Author(s):  
Nusrat Jahan ◽  
Md. Ashabul Hoque ◽  
Md. Rasal-Monir ◽  
Sumya Fatima ◽  
Mohammad Nurul Islam ◽  
...  

The study was carried out to find out the effect of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) on growth and yield of okra (BARI Dherosh 1). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments of the experiment were, T0 (without Zn or B), T1 (20 kg Zn ha-1), T2 (30 kg Zn ha-1), T3 (10 kg B ha-1), T4 (20 kg B ha-1), T5 (20 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1), T6 (20 kg Zn ha-1 + 20 kg B ha-1), T7 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1) and T8 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 20 kg B ha-1) were undertaken to evaluate the best results of the study. The highest plant height was found in T8 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 20 kg B ha-1) but the highest number of leaves plant-1 was recorded from T7 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1). On the other hand, the maximum leaf area index, SPAD value, mean fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit dry matter (%), number of fruits plant-1, fresh fruit weight plant-1 , fruit yield plot-1 and fruit yield ha-1 were found in T7 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1), while the control (T0) showed lowest performance for the respected parameters. It is strongly concluded that 30 kg Zn ha-1 with 10 kg B ha-1 combination may be helpful for okra cultivation in the field level to increase okra production.


Agrivet ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ery Anggono ◽  
Endah Budi Irawati ◽  
Darban Haryanto

This research aims to find out the influence of toping on each melon tree towards the yield of melon, and the influence of the use of various growing media compositions towards the yield of melon. This research is conducted in green house at Kaliurang Street km 16.3, Umbulmartani, Pakem, Sleman Regency, the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The research was held when august to October 2017. The research method used is Field Trial which is arranged by using Complete Randomized Design with two treatment factors and is repeated three times. The first factor is the use of growing media in the form of husk charcoal and zeolite (100% : 0%), (85% : 15 %), (70% : 30%), and (55% : 45%). The second factors are performing toping and not performing toping. Based on the analysis, it is shown that there is no interaction between growing media composition and toping treatment based on growing parameters or yield. The growing media composition with husk charcoal and zeolite (85% : 15%) shows a good result in affecting the parameters of fruit weight and fruit diameter. Toping treatment gives a good result for the parameters of fruit weigh, fruit diameter, brix, and flesh thickness.Keywords: melon, toping, growing media composition, hydroponic drip system


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