ANALYSIS OF SURGERIES DUE TO PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN SIBERIAN AND FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICTS

Objective. To perform comparative analysis of parameters and structure of maternal mortality (MM) in the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) and Siberian Federal District (SFD) in 2014–2019. Materials and methods. The database for analysis was generated using map-based emergency notifications of maternal deaths (69 in FEFD and 180 in SFD). We used methods of descriptive statistics, Pearson's χ2-test, and calculated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results. Between 2014 and 2018, the dynamics of MM in the FEFD and SFD had a one-way trend: it decreased in 2014–2017, but dramatically increased in 2018 primarily due to social factors. In 2019, we observed a significant growth of MM in the FEFD, while the SFD demonstrated a reduction of MM. The most common cause of maternal death in both districts was extragenital diseases. However, there were some differences in the structure of obstetric causes: in FEFD, preeclampsia and obstetric hemorrhage were the most frequent obstetric causes of death, while in SFD, women primarily developed embolism and placental abruption. Conclusion. The dynamics and structure of MM in the FEFD and SFD require management decisions aimed at improving medical care with the consideration of clinical guidelines, organization of continuous audit, systematic development of practical teamwork skills both in simulation training centers and healthcare institutions. Key words: Far Eastern Federal District, maternal mortality, Siberian Federal District

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Analysis of the Operation of Gibrat’s Law in Cities of Russia

Regionalnaya ekonomika Yug Rossii ◽

10.15688/re.volsu.2020.3.5 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 49-66

Author(s):

Inna Manaeva

Keyword(s):

Federal District ◽

Annual Number ◽

Siberian Federal District ◽

Gibrat’S Law ◽

The North ◽

Gibrat's Law ◽

Federal Districts ◽

Far Eastern ◽

The City ◽

Average Annual Number

Foreign researchers are testing Gibrat’s law on the example of firms, regions and countries. The importance of empirical confirmation of this law lies in the fact that it allows us to determine whether the population of a city, region or country as a whole has a common growth path and whether there is single size dependence between them. The relevance of this study is determined by the need to expand the indicators to assess the growth of cities using Gibrat’s law in modern Russian conditions. The purpose of the article is to analyze the feasibility of Gibrat’s law in Russian cities by indicators: population of the city, population density in the city, average annual number of employees in enterprises in the city, average monthly wage in the city, number of enterprises and organizations in the city, as well as to determine the appropriateness of using this law for urban systems of Russia. In the Ural, Siberian and Far Eastern federal districts (2009–2016), in the North-Western, Volga, Siberian and Far Eastern federal districts (2016–2018), the growth rate of cities does not depend on their initial size. Gibrat’s law was confirmed for the following indicators: population density in a city in 2009–2016 in the Siberian Federal District, in 2016–2018 in all federal districts, except for the North Caucasian Federal District; average annual number of employees in a city in the Southern (2003–2009, 2009–2016), Ural (2009–2016), Siberian (2009–2016), Northwestern (2016–2018), North Caucasian (2016–2018) and Far Eastern (2016–2018) federal districts; average monthly salary in the cities of the Siberian Federal District (2009–2016), in the Central, Northwestern and Ural Federal Districts (2016–2018); number of enterprises and organizations in the city in the Southern Federal District (2009–2016), in the North Caucasian, Volga, Ural and Siberian federal districts (2016–2018).

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Parameters for evaluating the main indicators of coloproctological care in the adult population in the subjects of the far Eastern Federal District in 2016–2018

PHARMACOECONOMICS Modern pharmacoeconomics and pharmacoepidemiology ◽

10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2020.038 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 240-250

Author(s):

A. V. Veselov ◽

V. V. Omelyanosvkiy ◽

Yu. A. Shelygin ◽

A. V. Vitko ◽

V. N. Kashnikov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adult Population ◽

Federal District ◽

Threshold Parameter ◽

Outpatient Consultation ◽

Federal Districts ◽

Far Eastern ◽

Further Development ◽

Staff Number ◽

Objective Tool ◽

Total Average

Aim. To work out the unified model for description of coloproctological service at the level of federal district.Material and methods. The study is the summary analysis of data from the annual statistical observation “The Report of the Chief Coloproctologist of the Russian Federal District” in 2016–2018. The analysis included the following stages: the estimation of staff situation; the assessment of the main parameters of out- and inpatient coloproctological care in 2018 in the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) and in its federal subjects.Results. Staff number of doctors in federal subjects of the FEFD did not change significantly in 2016-2018, it was 0.7 per 100 thousand population. An extremely low availability of outpatient consultation of coloproctologist in all federal subjects of FEFD was found (550.2 per 100 thousand population vs 3000 per 100 thousand population in Russian Federation). The incidence of colonoscopy is the lowest among all Federal Districts of Russia as well – 5.5%. A mean number of endoscopists is above 7.0 per 100 thousand population, which can be considered as the minimal threshold parameter. The total average staffing of endoscopists in the far Eastern Federal district was 86.0% in 2016, 87.3% – in 2017, 85.8% – in 2018. The staffing situation improved in Khabarovsk Territory and in Sakhalin Region while other federal subjects showed negative trend.Conclusion. The analyzed parameters can be considered as an objective tool for the assessment of coloproctological care efficacy. In the FEFD it needs further development.

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METHODS OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL STATISTIC PROCESSING OF DATA APPLIED TO FIND REGULARITIES IN THE COURSE OF TUBERCULOSIS IN SIBERIAN AND FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICTS

Tuberculosis and lung diseases ◽

10.21292/2075-1230-2018-96-6-30-37 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 96 (6) ◽

pp. 30-37

Author(s):

I. O. Meshkov ◽

O. V. Revyakina ◽

V. A. Krasnov ◽

Ya. Sh. Shvarts ◽

T. I. Petrenko

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Distance Matrix ◽

Medical Personnel ◽

Tuberculosis Control ◽

Principal Coordinates Analysis ◽

Principal Coordinates ◽

Federal Districts ◽

Main Factors ◽

Far Eastern

The article presents results of multi-dimensional analysis of 83 rates, calculated on the basis of federal and sectoral reports on tuberculosis in 21 regions of Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts, which were collected from 2006 to 2016. For statistic processing of data, a distance matrix was used with its consecutive analysis by principal coordinates analysis, which allowed detecting the closest correlations between rates. It has been proved that main factors of successful tuberculosis control are the following: improvement of the organizational quality of treatment and diagnostics, provision with qualified medical personnel, early detection through expansion of coverage of population with fluorography screening. The principal coordinates method also allowed performing a multilateral evaluation of epidemic situation in all regions and defining the ones with the most favorable tuberculosis situation.

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Public-Private Partnership as an Instrument for Developing Reclamation Parks

Regionalnaya ekonomika Yug Rossii ◽

10.15688/re.volsu.2019.2.14 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 135-145

Author(s):

Lidiya Voyevodina ◽

Lyudmila Medvedeva

Keyword(s):

Payback Period ◽

Agent Based ◽

Bureau Of Reclamation ◽

Public Investments ◽

The Us ◽

Federal Districts ◽

Reclamation Project ◽

The Difference ◽

Definition Of ◽

Far Eastern

The aim of the paper is to study the prerequisites for creating reclamation parks taking into account Russian and foreign experience in developing park structures, to identify the difference of reclamation parks from the existing forms of infrastructural entities and to suggest the mechanism of budgetary investment refunding with the use of the agent-based modeling method. The paper studies the main provisions of the concept of creating reclamation parks. They are considered as a new form of the interaction between farmers on reclaimed lands which is designed to increase the area of reclaimed lands and to ensure higher productivity of the crops grown on these lands and sustainability of agriculture on the basis of soil fertility preservation and increase. The article proposes a new definition of “reclamation water park” term. The paper analyzes the types of reclamation parks taking into account the specificity of the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts. The authors propose variants of budgetary investment refunding using the experience of the US Bureau of Reclamation in budgetary refund of water supply projects implemented by this organization. According to the developed conception of reclamation parks there may be several options for refunding public investments. Using the assumptions made in the paper, the payback period for a water reclamation project at different levels of budget investment refunding was calculated. The payback period without deferral of refunds at the discount rate of 8 % was as follows. It was the longer than 50 years at 10 % profit per year; 14 years at 15 % profit per year; 9 years at 20 % profit per year, and 6 years at 30 % profit per year. When the period of the deferral of refunds was 5 years, the payback period was longer than 50 years, 48, 22, and 14 years respectively for every case.

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Demographic changes in the Russian Siberia and the Far East in 1989-2019

Review of Nationalities ◽

10.2478/pn-2019-0017 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 223-236

Author(s):

Tadeusz Dmochowski

Keyword(s):

Far East ◽

Federal District ◽

European Russia ◽

Demographic Changes ◽

Siberian Federal District ◽

The Far East ◽

Federal Districts ◽

Far Eastern

AbstractDemographically, Siberia has been a remote and sparsely populated base of European Russia. The population of the Ural Federal District between 1989 and 2010 (within the borders of 2002) decreased by 0.45 million, Siberian Federal District by 4.90 million people and the Far Eastern Federal District by 1.65 million people. That is, the population of three federal districts decreased by 6.99 million people in just 21 years.In the years 2010-2019, the number of inhabitants of the Ural Federal District increased slightly from 12.08 million to 12.35 million people, i.e. by 0.27 million people. The population of the Siberian Federal District (within the borders of 2019) in the years 2010-2019 decreased by 0.004 million people. The number of inhabitants of the Far Eastern Federal District (within the borders of 2019) in the period 2010-2019 decreased by 0.18 million people.In total, in the years 2010-2019, the population of the three federal districts recorded a slight increase of 0.082 million people.

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Explorable and economically attractive mineral deposits in the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts of Russia

Mining of Mineral Deposits ◽

10.15407/mining12.01.109 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 109-114

Author(s):

G Boyarko ◽

Keyword(s):

Mineral Deposits ◽

Federal Districts ◽

Far Eastern

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Theoretical foundations of the poaching study: problems of legal regulation

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/937/2/022031 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 937 (2) ◽

pp. 022031

Author(s):

I L Tretyakov ◽

Yu B Shubnikov ◽

E D Guseinova ◽

G A Agayev

Keyword(s):

Russian Federation ◽

International Organizations ◽

Statistical Data ◽

State Level ◽

Legal Regulation ◽

Federal Districts ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Far Eastern ◽

Illicit Trafficking ◽

Theoretical Foundations

Abstract The paper is concerned with theoretical and practical aspects of the poaching phenomenon as national and transnational environmental crime. It critically examines Russian legislation on the use of biological resources in general and countering poaching in particular and presents a review of research con-ducted internationally and in Russia as well as statistical data provided by international organizations and state bodies of the Russian Federation. It also defines the concept of poaching and its legal characteristics, highlights key challenges to countering poaching both within Russia and at the transnational level. Particular emphasis is placed on poaching across the Russia-China border adjacent to the Far Eastern and Siberian Federal Districts which ac-count for the rarest flora and fauna species in Russia. The paper outlines challenges to regulating federal anti-poaching legislation and current pitfalls in combating illicit trafficking of species at the state level. It considers op-posing viewpoints of researchers engaged in this field, their strengths and weaknesses, and suggests possible solutions to the identified problems. The paper concludes that methods of combating poaching are still underdeveloped and require certain legislative improvements at the level of national legislation and international cooperation.л.

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A methodology for region differentiation by change in the number of university faculty members

Economic Analysis Theory and Practice ◽

10.24891/ea.20.9.1731 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (9) ◽

pp. 1731-1755

Author(s):

Svetlana V. AVILKINA

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

System Development ◽

Regional Differentiation ◽

Teaching Staff ◽

Competitive Advantages ◽

Higher Education System ◽

Federal Districts ◽

Theoretical Generalization ◽

University Lecturers ◽

Far Eastern

Subject. The article considers differentiation of regions, based on trends in the development of higher education. Objectives. The aim is to elaborate methodological approaches to the study of regional differentiation, based on the analysis of the number of university lecturers. Methods. The study employs methods of theoretical generalization, statistical analysis, and structural grouping. Results. I describe modern approaches to identifying the role of teaching staff in creating competitive advantages of universities and regions. I also unveil that the trend towards reduction of teaching staff of universities exists in all federal districts; it is most pronounced in the Ural, Far Eastern and North Caucasian Federal Districts. From 2010 to 2019, significant inequalities between regions were recorded in terms of relative changes in the number of university lecturers. The paper offers a differentiation of the subjects of the Central and Siberian Federal Districts, based on various grounds, including the dynamics of the number of teachers at different timescales Conclusions. To monitor the higher education system development from a regional perspective, it is advisable to use the analysis of relative changes in the number of faculty staff of universities located in the subject of the Russian Federation, followed by the selection of groups of regions that are similar in the given parameters. Revealing the inequality between regions can be used to justify the development of compensatory measures. The materials of the study can be applied in the process of further research on scientific and practical problems of regional divergence.

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Problems of restoration of lands disturbed during the development of mineral deposits

News of the Ural State Mining University ◽

10.21440/2307-2091-2020-4-218-227 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 218-227

Author(s):

Andrey Nikolaevich IVANOV ◽

◽

Margarita Nikolaevna IGNAT’EVA ◽

Vera Vasil’evna YURAK ◽

Natal’ya Georgievna PUSTOKHINA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Renewable Resources ◽

Federal District ◽

Mineral Deposits ◽

Land Resources ◽

Land Disturbance ◽

Similar Region ◽

Disturbed Land ◽

Federal Districts ◽

Far Eastern

Relevance of the study. One of the criteria for sustainable development, focused on the preservation of renewable natural resources, requires equal volumes of use of renewable resources and their renewal, or even an excess of renewable resources over use. In the context of mining enterprises, this criterion is directly related to land resources that are disturbed during the operation of mineral deposits and are restored at the end of the development of deposits. The effectiveness of reclamation works requires an analysis of their implementation and identification of reasons for non-compliance with the required ratio in the use and restoration of disturbed lands. The purpose of the study is to assess the state of reclamation work at the level of countries and regions and to identify “bottlenecks”, the elimination of which allows fulfilling the criterion condition for sustainable development. Methods of research. In the course of the study, the methods of generalization, grouping, statistical analysis, comparison and analogies were used. Results. In the process of research, the relevance of restoration of land resources in the development of subsoil resources was confirmed. The identified trends related to the production of reclamation in the 1980s and now are manifested in a constant lag in the rate of reclamation from the rate of violation of land resources. In general, about 50% of disturbed land is reclaimed annually in the Russian Federation. The share of reclamation does not remain constant; for 2018, for example, it increases to 64.11%. Comparison by federal districts made it possible to identify leaders in terms of disturbance and reclamation of land resources. The largest volume of land disturbance is typical for the Ural, Siberian, and Far Eastern districts; these regions also account for large areas of reclamation (more than 65% of the total amount of reclaimed areas). At the same time, in percentage terms, the situation is not so favorable. From the comparison of the current volumes of disturbance and reclamation performed for the period 2015–2018, it follows that in the Ural and Siberian districts these indicators are the lowest, in particular in the Ural district (20.97–55.86%). A similar region-wise analysis performed for the Ural Federal District showed that the lowest rates are typical for the Tyumen region, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District. The Kurgan region is in the best position; the average indicators are in the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions. In general, a negative trend is observed in the Ural Federal District: in 2015 – 55.86%, in 2018 – 34.61%, and in 2016-2017 – 20.97-24.66%. Conclusions. Reclamation works are primarily associated with the development of mineral deposits, which requires improving the organizational and economic mechanism of this process in the conditions of subsoil use: solving the problem of financing these works, tightening control over their implementation, increasing the responsibility of performers, improving the regulatory framework.

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