Rivalry, Polycentricism, and Institutional Evolution

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Boettke ◽  
Rosolino Antonio Candela
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Evolution

Coach Education in Ireland: Observations and Considerations for High Performance

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunnhild Bertz ◽  
Laura Purdy
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Institutional Evolution ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Coach Education ◽  
Know How ◽  
Sources Of Knowledge ◽  
Performance Coaching ◽  
Formal Recognition

The high-performance sports system is a rapidly evolving and increasingly important element of the Irish sporting landscape reflected in public policy, the direction and level of spending, and organisational/institutional evolution – all signalling a formal recognition of the high-performance sector as central to sport in Ireland. While certain aspects of high-performance sport in Ireland are beginning to be reflected in research (e.g., Guerin et al. 2008), this is yet to be extended to high performance coaching. The education, development, and support of coaches are key areas of the Coaching Strategy for Ireland (2008-2012). An understanding of high-performance coach activities and needs will become increasingly vital in underpinning the effectiveness of resources directed at high-performance coaching as Ireland seeks to reposition itself within the world’s elite in sport. The purpose of this article is to better understand the development of high-performance coaches in Ireland and the key influences on this (e.g., exposure to different coaching environments, sources of knowledge, and preferred ways of learning). It aims to explore what high-performance coaches believe has been most important in developing and fostering their coaching ‘know-how,’1 and what this may imply for future educational interventions for high-performance coaches. This article brings to light insights generated through semi-structured interviews with 10 high-performance coaches currently and/or recently working in Irish sport.

The Textual Evolution of the Ottoman Şeyhülislams’ Fetvas: A Cross-Corpora Computational Analysis

Der Islam ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 516-545
Author(s):  
Boğaç Ergene ◽  
Atabey Kaygun
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Institutional Evolution ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Over Time

Abstract In this article, we use a mix of computational techniques to identify textual shifts in the Ottoman şeyhülislams’ fetvas between the sixteenth and twentieth centuries. Our analysis, supplemented by a close reading of these texts, indicates that the fetvas underwent multiple forms of transformation, a consequence of the institutional evolution of the şeyhülislam’s fetva office (fetvahane) that aimed to speed up and streamline the production of the fetvas: over time, the texts appropriated a more uniform character and came to contain shorter responses. In the compositions of the questions, we identified many “trigger terms” that facilitated reflexive responses independent of the fetvas’ jurisprudential contexts, a tendency that became stronger after the second half of the seventeenth century. In addition, we propose in the article a methodology that measures the relative strengths of textual and conceptual links among the fetva corpora of various Ottoman şeyhülislams. This analysis informs us about possible paths of long-term evolution of this genre of jurisprudential documents.

Blockchains and the economic institutions of capitalism

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
SINCLAIR DAVIDSON ◽  
PRIMAVERA DE FILIPPI ◽  
JASON POTTS
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Economic Institutions ◽  
Institutional Evolution ◽  
Network Computing ◽  
General Purpose Technology ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Peer To Peer Network

AbstractBlockchains are a new digital technology that combines peer-to-peer network computing and cryptography to create an immutable decentralised public ledger. Where the ledger records money, a blockchain is a cryptocurrency, such as Bitcoin; but ledger entries can record any data structure, including property titles, identity and certification, contracts, and so on. We argue that the economics of blockchains extend beyond analysis of a new general purpose technology and its disruptive Schumpeterian consequences to the broader idea that blockchains are an institutional technology. We consider several examples of blockchain-based economic coordination and governance. We claim that blockchains are an instance of institutional evolution.

scholarly journals INSTYTUCJONALNA I KOMPETENCYJNA EWOLUCJA BANKU CENTRALNEGO STANÓW ZJEDNOCZONYCH AMERYKI W XX WIEKU

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Wojciech Kwiatkowski
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Federal Reserve ◽  
The United States ◽  
Institutional Evolution ◽  
Federal Reserve System ◽  
Initial Shape ◽  
Treasury Department ◽  
Reserve System ◽  
The U.S

Institutional and Competence Evolution of the U.S. Central Bank in the Twentieth CenturySummary The article describes the initial shape of the U.S. central bank, i.e. the Federal Reserve System created under the federal act of 1913 as a “Federal Reserve”, as well as the reasons for its competence and institutional evolution mainly in the thirties of the twentieth century. The paper seeks to identify the consequences of the absence of statutory regulations – in many ways necessary for the proper functioning of the central bank in the United States as a confederation, which has become a major cause of the appropriation of powers by the representatives of the private sector at the central bank. In addition, by analyzing the agreement concluded by the representatives of the bank and the U.S. Treasury Department the article shows the consequences of the absence of constitutional guarantees for the central bank’s operational independence. The article also seeks to name and describe the laws passed in the twentieth century, which have contributed significantly to today’s field of competence of the Federal Reserve System and its present modus vivendi.

A Single Western State Model?

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Fabbrini
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The United States ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
Institutional Evolution ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Political World ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Democratic Nation

The article discusses political development in the paradigmatic cases of Western Europe and the United States, arguing that the building and consolidation of their democratic nation states follow different paths. Nevertheless, after two centuries of differential political and institutional evolution, at the end of the 20th century, Western Europe, with the deepening of the integration process, has moved in the direction of a supranational organization that has many similarities to the American compound republic. However, the different institutional histories, with their attendant path-dependency effects, will continue to condition the developments of Europe and America, rendering convergence toward uniformity highly unlikely. Notwithstanding institutional transformation occurring in the Western political world, plurality will continue to mark its future.

Alternative Pluralisms: Israeli and American Constitutionalism in Comparative Perspective

1989 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary J. Jacobsohn
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Free Speech ◽  
The United States ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Institutional Evolution ◽  
Bill Of Rights ◽  
Alternative Models ◽  
Legal Development ◽  
New Politics ◽  
American Model

Constitutional transplantation, the process by which the constitutional practice of one society becomes an important source for the legal development of another, has figured importantly in the institutional evolution of new politics. In this article, I examine the constitutional experience of Israel and the United States, two societies that share a language of jurisprudential discourse while differing significantly in a number of polically relevant ways. In particular, the fact that both societies can be described as pluralistic only conceals the fact that they represent alternative models of pluralism that may render problematic the the transferablity of constitutional outcomes from one place to another. Thus, the literature of modern constitutionalism, which has tended to emphasize the rights-based liberal ethic of individualism, is arguably more compatible with an American model in which the principles of the “procedural republic” are more unproblematically embraced. To pursue this question, I look at two issues—the advisability of adopting a bill of rights and the appropriate stance of the regime on the question of free speech—that allow us to reflect upon the limits and possibilities of constitutional transplantation.

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