The Reciprocal Relationship Between Unemployment and Social Isolation in Contemporary Japan: A Longitudinal Approach Using the Japanese Life Course Panel Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Ishida ◽  
Jacques Wels
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Longitudinal Approach

scholarly journals Frailty and Social Isolation: Comparing the Relationship between Frailty and Unidimensional and Multifactorial Models of Social Isolation

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1297-1308
Author(s):  
John Maltby ◽  
Sarah A. Hunt ◽  
Asako Ohinata ◽  
Emma Palmer ◽  
Simon Conroy
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Multidimensional Models ◽  
Over Time

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare uni- and multidimensional models of social isolation to improve the specificity of determining associations between social isolation and frailty. Methods: The study included participants aged ≥60 years from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing assessed for social isolation and frailty (frailty index and Fried phenotype) over a 4-year period. Factor analysis assessed whether social isolation was multidimensional. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess specificity in associations between social isolation and frailty over time. Results: Social isolation comprises social isolation from nuclear family, other immediate family, and wider social networks. Over time, social isolation from a wider social network predicted higher frailty index levels, and higher frailty index and Fried phenotype levels predicted greater social isolation from a wider social network. Discussion: Social isolation is multidimensional. The reciprocal relationship between social isolation from wider social networks and accumulating frailty deficits, and frailty as a clinical syndrome influencing social isolation from social networks is discussed.

The Transition to Adulthood among Japanese Youths

2013 ◽  
Vol 646 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Ishida
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Opposite Sex

This study examines courtship and activities leading to courtship among Japanese youths. Courtship is an important topic because it influences the chances of eventual marriage. The analyses of the Japanese Life Course Panel Survey show 42 percent of young unmarried people without a partner actively sought a dating partner during the past year. The most popular activity among both men and women was asking friends for introductions. Men tended to engage in partner-search activities when they were highly educated, had a full-time job, intended to get married, and had opportunities to meet the opposite sex. Among women, the intention to marry was the key factor in predicting the likelihood of partner-search activities, in addition to family assets. The effect of the partner search on the chances of finding a partner appears to be greatest for the men and women least likely to engage in partner searches.

scholarly journals Spiral of Political Learning: The Reciprocal Relationship of News Media Use and Political Knowledge Among Adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1078-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Moeller ◽  
Claes de Vreese
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Political Knowledge ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Political Learning ◽  
Reciprocal Influence ◽  
Curve Modeling ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
News Use

This study investigates the dynamics of the reciprocal influence of political knowledge and attentive news use. News media are an important source for political information and contribute to political learning. Yet, this process is optimized with increasing levels of pre-existing knowledge about the political world. In extant literature, mutual interdependence is often suggested, but empirical proof is scarce. We propose to conceptualize the relationship of knowledge and news use as an upward spiral. The model is tested on data from a three-wave panel survey among 888 adolescents using growth curve modeling. The results support the model of a spiral of political learning. Interestingly, the influence of political knowledge on news use is estimated to be higher than the other way round.

scholarly journals Cognitive Functioning and Socioeconomic Status across the Early Life Course

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Reason ◽  
Yang Claire Yang ◽  
Allison Aiello ◽  
Daniel Belsky ◽  
Kathleen M. Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Social Stimulation ◽  
Occupational Characteristics ◽  
Life Course Health ◽  
Nationally Representative

To date, analysis of the social determinants of cognitive health among younger adults is scant, especially in the US context. This study set out to test the extent to which established models of life-course health development are able to explain the reciprocal relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and cognitive functioning from childhood through young adulthood. To do this, we used data from a nationally representative sample followed prospectively from adolescence through young adulthood that included information on SES and cognitive functioning at multiple points across the early life course. Additionally, this study aimed to expand these models by directly testing the role of occupational mental and social stimulation in influencing young-adulthood cognitive functioning. We did this by using linked occupational data that specifically measured job-task mental and social stimulation. Ultimately, our findings indicate an interwoven relationship between life-course SES, occupational characteristics, and cognition functioning across adolescence and young adulthood.

scholarly journals A MIXED METHODS SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF COMMUNITY-BASED GROUPS FOR SOCIAL ISOLATION AND LONELINESS IN OLDER PEOPLE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S856-S856
Author(s):  
Brenda A Hayanga ◽  
Dylan Kneale ◽  
Ann Phoenix
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Older People ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Friendship Networks ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Course Experiences ◽  
The Uk

Abstract In the UK, many older people from minoritised ethnic groups are vulnerable to social isolation and loneliness. Yet, we know little about which interventions are effective for them. With existing systematic reviews of social isolation and loneliness lacking a theory-based framework of their life-course experiences, we set out to address this gap. This review aims to explore the effectiveness and suitability of community-based group interventions (CBGIs) for social isolation and loneliness in older people. The decision to focus on CBGIs was based on findings from an exploratory study of the friendship networks of older people and narrative interviews with older minoritised people living in the UK. The findings suggested that community groups of shared interests/backgrounds were protective of social isolation and loneliness. To address the objectives, we searched for randomised controlled trials and process evaluations of CBGIs published in English, which included older people living in countries with membership to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. We identified 4791 studies, 36 of which were eligible for inclusion. In this poster, we present the preliminary findings of this mixed-methods systematic review, which seeks to not only assess whether CBGIs are effective but also to understand the underlying processes that make interventions (in)effective. As this review is guided by findings from two exploratory studies with older people from minoritised ethnic groups, it takes into account their life-course experiences. It is the results of reviews such as this that can produce generalisable findings which are directly applicable to policy.

scholarly journals Cross-Lagged Panel Analyses of Reciprocal Effects of Social Isolation, Perceived Loneliness, and Solitary Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 93-94
Author(s):  
Ke Li ◽  
Fengyan Tang
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Summary Score ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Reciprocal Effects ◽  
Lagged Effects ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Social isolation and perceived loneliness are major issues as they may place older adults at greater risks for health problems. The objective status of social isolation and the subjective perception of loneliness may have distinct meanings, and their longitudinal reciprocal relationship remains unclear. The purposes of this study were to examine the reciprocal effects of social isolation and loneliness among U.S. adults aged 50 and above and to explore the moderating effect of solitary activities by using the data from three waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) collected in the year 2008, 2012 and 2016. The index of social isolation was created by summing five commonly used indicators, including marital status, living arrangement, and three types of social contact. Loneliness was assessed by a summary score of 11 items. Solitary activities included 13 activities with limited or no social interaction. The results estimated by the cross-lagged effects model showed positive reciprocal relationship of social isolation and perceived loneliness across waves: respondents with a higher level of social isolation were predicted to have increased loneliness, and more perceived loneliness was significantly associated with a higher level of social isolation in the following waves. The results also indicated that solitary activity had a direct effect on decreasing loneliness. This study improves the understanding of reciprocal effects of social isolation and perceived loneliness over years and indicates that practice needs to address the issues of social isolation and perceived loneliness at the early stage and provide more opportunities of solitary activities.

scholarly journals Social Networks and Depression Over Time: The Mediating Role of Social Support and Social Isolation

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 407-408
Author(s):  
Abhijit Visaria ◽  
Pildoo Sung ◽  
Angelique W M Chan
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Perceived Social Isolation ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract It is well established that a strong social network is an important factor for successful ageing, specifically for promoting and maintaining psychological wellbeing at older ages. Strong social networks are a source of social support especially at a time of need, and can also help older adults remain connected, active, and engaged in group activities. In this study, we seek to better understand the underlying pathways in the relationship between social networks and depressive symptoms, specifically comparing the extent to which the relationship is mediated by the receipt of material/monetary support, relative to perceived social isolation. We use data from the Panel on Health and Aging of Singaporean Elderly, a nationally-representative study of older Singapore citizens and permanent residents aged 60 years and older in 2009 (N=4990), with two follow-up surveys in 2011 (N=3103) and 2015 (N=1572). We conduct cross-lagged mediation analysis, and control for a number of potential confounders including cognitive function, chronic physical ailments, socioeconomic status, and demographic variables such as age, sex, marital status, and family size. Our preliminary analysis shows that a reciprocal relationship between social networks and depressive symptoms is mediated to a larger extent by social isolation compared to weaker social support.

scholarly journals Multiscale Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease: CLSA Analysis of Genetic and Psychosocial Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Menniti ◽  
Catherine Paquet ◽  
Hannah Yang Han ◽  
Laurette Dube ◽  
Daiva E. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
The Life Course

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a complex disease resulting from multiscale risk factors including genetics, age, and psychosocial factors (PSFs) such as depression and social isolation. However, previous research has lacked in operationalizing multiscale risk factors to determine individual and interactive associations over the life course. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate individual and interactive associations of multiscale risk factors for CVD outcomes including genetics and PSFs at middle and older-aged stages of the life course.Methods: Baseline data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA; n = 9,892 with genome-wide genotyping data) was used for this investigation. A 39 single nucleotide polymorphism polygenic risk score (PRS) for CVD was constructed. PSFs consisted of: (1) Depressive symptoms categorized into: “none” (Group 1, reference), “current” (Group 2), “clinical depression with no current symptoms” (Group 3), and “potential, recurrent depression” (Group 4); and (2) Social isolation index as a binary variable comprised of marital status, living arrangements, retirement status, contacts, and social participation. Heart-related disorders (HRD: myocardial infarction, angina and heart disease) was the primary outcome of interest and peripheral/vascular-related disorders (PVRD: stroke, peripheral vascular disease and hypertension) was the secondary outcome. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for socio-demographic factors were conducted stratified by age group (middle-aged: 45–69 years, older-aged: ≥70 years).Results: PRS was associated with HRD among middle- and older-aged participants [OR (95% confidence interval)] [1.06 (1.03–1.08), 1.06 (1.03–1.08), respectively]. Most depressive symptoms groups compared to the reference associated with HRD and PVRD, but only Group 4 associated with PVRD among older-aged [1.69 (1.08–2.64)]. Social isolation was associated with only PVRD among middle-aged [1.84 (1.04–3.26)]; however, socially isolated CLSA participants were underrepresented in the genotyped cohort (1.2%). No significant PRS*PSFs interactions were observed.Conclusions: Genetics and PSFs are independently associated with CVD. Varying observations across age groups underscores the need to advance research on multiscale risk factors operating both at a given point in time and over the life course. Future cohort studies may benefit from use of mobile assessment units to enable better reach to socially isolated participants for collection of biospecimens.

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